V4_MODE is Bit-15 of SDHCI_HOST_CONTROL2 register.
Need to perform word access to this register.
Signed-off-by: Sowjanya Komatineni <skomatineni@nvidia.com>
Fixes: b3f80b434f ("mmc: sdhci: Add sd host v4 mode")
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Host controllers may not have a LED signal line, whereas the register
updates to control the non-existent LED can be relatively time consuming.
Add a quirk to disable LED control.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
If the host controller supports auto-commands then enable the auto-command
error interrupt and handle it. In the case of auto-CMD23, the error is
treated the same as manual CMD23 error. In the case of auto-CMD12,
commands-during-transfer are not permitted, so the error handling is
treated the same as a data error.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The SDHCI_ACMD12_ERR register is used for auto-CMD23 and auto-CMD12
errors, as is the SDHCI_INT_ACMD12ERR interrupt bit. Rename them to
SDHCI_AUTO_CMD_STATUS and SDHCI_INT_AUTO_CMD_ERR respectively.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Existing data command CRC error handling is non-standard and does not work
with some Intel host controllers. Specifically, the assumption that the host
controller will continue operating normally after the error interrupt,
is not valid. Change the driver to handle the error in the same manner
as a data CRC error, taking care to ensure that the data line reset is
done for single or multi-block transfers, and it is done before
unmapping DMA.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The function sdhci_allocate_bounce_buffer() always return zero at
present, so there's no need to have a return value, that will also make
error path easier.
CC: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
We observed some premature timeouts on a virtualization platform, the log
is like this:
case 1:
[159525.255629] mmc1: Internal clock never stabilised.
[159525.255818] mmc1: sdhci: ============ SDHCI REGISTER DUMP ===========
[159525.256049] mmc1: sdhci: Sys addr: 0x00000000 | Version: 0x00001002
...
[159525.257205] mmc1: sdhci: Wake-up: 0x00000000 | Clock: 0x0000fa03
From the clock control register dump, we are pretty sure the clock was
stablized.
case 2:
[ 914.550127] mmc1: Reset 0x2 never completed.
[ 914.550321] mmc1: sdhci: ============ SDHCI REGISTER DUMP ===========
[ 914.550608] mmc1: sdhci: Sys addr: 0x00000010 | Version: 0x00001002
After checking the sdhci code, we found the timeout check actually has a
little window that the CPU can be scheduled out and when it comes back,
the original time set or check is not valid.
Fixes: 5a436cc0af ("mmc: sdhci: Optimize delay loops")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.12+
Signed-off-by: Alek Du <alek.du@intel.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
If hosts provides ops->adma_write_desc, we should not fall back to the
general sdhci_adma_write_desc().
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
When Host Version 4 Enable is set to 1, SDMA uses ADMA System Address
register (05Fh-058h) instead of using register (000h-004h) to indicate
its system address of data location. The register (000h-004h) is
re-assigned to 32-bit Block Count and Auto CMD23 argument, so then SDMA
may use Auto CMD23.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
As SD Host Controller Specification v4.10 documents:
Host Controller Version 4.10 defines this "Auto CMD Auto Select" mode.
Selection of Auto CMD depends on setting of CMD23 Enable in the Host
Control 2 register which indicates whether card supports CMD23. If CMD23
Enable =1, Auto CMD23 is used and if CMD23 Enable =0, Auto CMD12 is
used. In case of Version 4.10 or later, use of Auto CMD Auto Select is
recommended rather than use of Auto CMD12 Enable or Auto CMD23
Enable.
This patch add this new mode support.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Host Controller Version 4.10 re-defines SDMA System Address register
as 32-bit Block Count for v4 mode, and SDMA uses ADMA System
Address register (05Fh-058h) instead if v4 mode is enabled. Also
when using 32-bit block count, 16-bit block count register need
to be set to zero.
Since using 32-bit Block Count would cause problems for auto-cmd23,
it can be chosen via host->quirk2.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
ADMA2 64-bit addressing support is divided into V3 mode and V4 mode.
So there are two kinds of descriptors for ADMA2 64-bit addressing
i.e. 96-bit Descriptor for V3 mode, and 128-bit Descriptor for V4
mode. 128-bit Descriptor is aligned to 8-byte.
For V4 mode, ADMA2 64-bit addressing is enabled via Host Control 2
register.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
[Ulf: Fixed conflict while applying]
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
According to the SD host controller specification version 4.10, when
Host Version 4 is enabled, SDMA uses ADMA System Address register
(05Fh-058h) instead of using SDMA System Address register to
support both 32-bit and 64-bit addressing.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
For SD host controller version 4.00 or later ones, there're two
modes of implementation - Version 3.00 compatible mode or
Version 4 mode. This patch introduced an interface to enable
v4 mode.
Signed-off-by: Chunyan Zhang <zhang.chunyan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Add this hook so that it can be overridden with driver specific
implementations. We also let the original sdhci_adma_write_desc()
accept &desc so that the function can set its new value. Then export
the function so that it could be reused by driver's specific
implementations.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
This patch adds adma_table_cnt member to struct sdhci_host to give more
flexibility to drivers to control the ADMA table count.
Default value of adma_table_cnt is set to (SDHCI_MAX_SEGS * 2 + 1).
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <Jisheng.Zhang@synaptics.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Allow SDHCI drivers to hook code before and after sdhci_request() by
making it externally visible.
Signed-off-by: Aapo Vienamo <avienamo@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
This patch is to add tuning error codes to
judge tuning state
Signed-off-by: Yinbo Zhu <yinbo.zhu@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Export sdhci tuning function symbols which are used by other SD Host
controller driver modules.
Signed-off-by: ernest.zhang <ernest.zhang@bayhubtech.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
For eMMC devices it is valid to only support 1.8V signaling. When
vqmmc is set to a fixed 1.8V regulator the stack tries to set 3.3V
initially and prints the following warning:
mmc1: Switching to 3.3V signalling voltage failed
Clear the MMC_SIGNAL_VOLTAGE_330 flag in case 3.3V is signaling is
not available. This prevents the stack from even trying to use
3.3V signaling and avoids the above warning.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Agner <stefan@agner.ch>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
sdhci has a 10 second timeout to catch devices that stop responding.
In the case of quirk SDHCI_QUIRK2_DISABLE_HW_TIMEOUT, instead of
programming 10 second arbitrary value, calculate the total time it would
take for the entire transfer to happen and program the timeout value
accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Factor out the target_timeout calculation so it can be re-used.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Add quirk to disable HW timeout if the requested timeout is more than the
maximum obtainable timeout.
Also, if the quirk is set and ->get_max_timeout_count() is not implemented,
max_busy_timeout is set to zero.
Based-on-patch-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The SDHCI controller in a SoC might support HS200/HS400 (indicated
using mmc-hs200-1_8v/mmc-hs400-1_8v dt property), but if the board is
modeled such that the IO lines are not connected to 1.8v then
HS200/HS400 cannot be supported. Disable HS200/HS400 if the board
does not have 1.8v connected to the IO lines. Also Disable DDR/UHS in 1.8v
if the IO lines are not connected to 1.8v.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Acked-by: Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Do not enable wakeup for SDIO card interrupt unless the SDIO function
driver has requested it which is indicated by mmc_card_wake_sdio_irq().
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Do not unnecessarily enable card detect wakeup in the cases that the card
is not removable or a GPIO is used for card detect.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The bounce buffer is gone from the MMC core, and now we found out
that there are some (crippled) i.MX boards out there that have broken
ADMA (cannot do scatter-gather), and also broken PIO so they must
use SDMA. Closer examination shows a less significant slowdown
also on SDMA-only capable Laptop hosts.
SDMA sets down the number of segments to one, so that each segment
gets turned into a singular request that ping-pongs to the block
layer before the next request/segment is issued.
Apparently it happens a lot that the block layer send requests
that include a lot of physically discontiguous segments. My guess
is that this phenomenon is coming from the file system.
These devices that cannot handle scatterlists in hardware can see
major benefits from a DMA-contiguous bounce buffer.
This patch accumulates those fragmented scatterlists in a physically
contiguous bounce buffer so that we can issue bigger DMA data chunks
to/from the card.
When tested with a PCI-integrated host (1217:8221) that
only supports SDMA:
0b:00.0 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. OZ600FJ0/OZ900FJ0/OZ600FJS
SD/MMC Card Reader Controller (rev 05)
This patch gave ~1Mbyte/s improved throughput on large reads and
writes when testing using iozone than without the patch.
dmesg:
sdhci-pci 0000:0b:00.0: SDHCI controller found [1217:8221] (rev 5)
mmc0 bounce up to 128 segments into one, max segment size 65536 bytes
mmc0: SDHCI controller on PCI [0000:0b:00.0] using DMA
On the i.MX SDHCI controllers on the crippled i.MX 25 and i.MX 35
the patch restores the performance to what it was before we removed
the bounce buffers.
Cc: Pierre Ossman <pierre@ossman.eu>
Cc: Benoît Thébaudeau <benoit@wsystem.com>
Cc: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@nxp.com>
Cc: Benjamin Beckmeyer <beckmeyer.b@rittal.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.14+
Fixes: de3ee99b09 ("mmc: Delete bounce buffer handling")
Tested-by: Benjamin Beckmeyer <beckmeyer.b@rittal.de>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In preparation for adding more conditions for whether IRQ wakeup is
enabled, rework sdhci_enable_irq_wakeups() so that needed bits are added
instead of adding them all and then removing the unneeded bits.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Now that sdhci_enable_irq_wakeups() is a local function, change it to
return whether the IRQ wakeup was successfully enabled. This is in
preparation for adding more conditions for whether IRQ wakeup is enabled.
Note it is assumed, for SDHCI devices, that suspend is more important than
wakeup, so we continue to suspend regardless.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Now that it is not being used by any drivers, stop exporting it.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
On Intel Edison the Broadcom Wi-Fi card, which is connected to SDIO,
requires 2.0v, while the host, according to Intel Merrifield TRM,
supports 1.8v supply only.
The card announces itself as
mmc2: new ultra high speed DDR50 SDIO card at address 0001
Introduce a custom OCR mask for SDIO host controller on Intel Merrifield
and add a special case to sdhci_set_power_noreg() to override 2.0v supply
by enforcing 1.8v power choice.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The commit de3ee99b09 ("mmc: Delete bounce buffer handling") deletes the
bounce buffer handling, but also causes the max_req_size for sdhci to be
increased, in case when max_segs == 1. This causes errors for sdhci-pci
Ricoh variant, about the swiotlb buffer to become full.
Fix the issue, by taking IO_TLB_SEGSIZE and IO_TLB_SHIFT into account when
deciding the max_req_size for sdhci.
Reported-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Fixes: de3ee99b09 ("mmc: Delete bounce buffer handling")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.14+
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
In preparation for unconditionally passing the struct timer_list pointer to
all timer callbacks, switch to using the new timer_setup() and from_timer()
to pass the timer pointer explicitly.
Cc: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Jaehoon Chung <jh80.chung@samsung.com>
Cc: Carlo Caione <carlo@caione.org>
Cc: Kevin Hilman <khilman@baylibre.com>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@fluxnic.net>
Cc: Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Alex Dubov <oakad@yahoo.com>
Cc: Bruce Chang <brucechang@via.com.tw>
Cc: Harald Welte <HaraldWelte@viatech.com>
Cc: Tony Olech <tony.olech@elandigitalsystems.com>
Cc: Pierre Ossman <pierre@ossman.eu>
Cc: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Cc: Paul Cercueil <paul@crapouillou.net>
Cc: Heiner Kallweit <hkallweit1@gmail.com>
Cc: Shawn Lin <shawn.lin@rock-chips.com>
Cc: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Cc: Allen <allen.lkml@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-mmc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-amlogic@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-omap@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Bail out everytime when mmc_regulator_get_supply() returns an errno, not
only when probing gets deferred. This is currently a no-op, because this
function only returns -EPROBE_DEFER or 0 right now. But if it will throw
another error somewhen, it will be for a reason. (This still doesn't change
that getting regulators is optional, so 0 can still mean no regulators
found). So, let us a) be future proof and b) have driver code which is
easier to understand.
Signed-off-by: Wolfram Sang <wsa+renesas@sang-engineering.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
TI's implementation of sdhci controller used in DRA7 SoC's has
CRC in responses with length 136 bits. Add quirk to indicate
the controller has CRC in MMC_RSP_136. If this quirk is
set sdhci library shouldn't shift the response present in
SDHCI_RESPONSE register.
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Read each register only once and move the code to a separate function so
that it is not jammed against the 80 column margin.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
SD controller with SDHCI_QUIRK_NO_HISPD_BIT quirk probably
use high speed enable bit for other purpose. So this bit
shouldn't be changed for high speed enabling for this type of
SD controller.
Signed-off-by: Yangbo Lu <yangbo.lu@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Hosts supporting 8-bit bus are marked accordingly. If MMC_CAP_8_BIT_DATA
is not among host capabilities, 8BITBUS bit will never be set and it
is not cleared in case some non-SDHCI3 host uses it for something else.
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Tested-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
This patch adds sdma_boundary member to struct sdhci_host to give more
flexibility to drivers to control the sdma boundary buffer value and
also to fix issue on some sdhci controllers which are broken when
HOST SDMA Buffer Boundary is programmed in Block Size Register (0x04)
when using ADMA. Qualcomm sdhci controller is one of such type, writing
to this bits is un-supported.
Default value of sdma_boundary is set to SDHCI_DEFAULT_BOUNDARY_ARG.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Kandagatla <srinivas.kandagatla@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
One issue was found on a removable high speed sd card with
runtime pm enabled.
When SD card is unplugged, it keep printing "Switching to 3.3V
signalling voltage failed".
And found below sequence triggers the error.
mmc_rescan
-> mmc_sd_detect
-> mmc_power_off -- mmc->ios.vdd is updated to 0.
-> mmc_claim_host
-> sdhci_runtime_resume_host
-> sdhci_start_signal_voltage_switch
-> mmc_regulator_set_vqmmc
-> mmc_ocrbitnum_to_vdd
When mmc_ocrbitnum_to_vdd is called, the mmc->ios.vdd is 0, so it
always return -EINVAL. The signal switch will always fail and
print out warning.
Ignore restoring the I/O state when runtime resume if MMC_POWER_OFF.
Signed-off-by: Zhoujie Wu <zjwu@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
sdhci uses CONFIG_MMC_DEBUG for showing ADMA descriptor
when occurring ADMA error. And it's also used to dump the
registers whenever calling sdhci_add_host.
On one hand, I don't see any burden to always print the state
ADMA descriptor as it's rare and will help folks better understand
what was happening when seeing ADMA error.
On the other, folks may be interested in checking some registers
at probe time. So we remove the sdhci_dumpregs from __sdhci_add_host
and print some really useful registers in sdhci_setup_host.
Suggested-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Shawn Lin <shawn.lin@rock-chips.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The delay between tuning commands for SD cards is not part of the
specification. A driver that needs it probably needs it for eMMC
too, whereas most drivers would probably like to set it to 0. Make
it a host member (host->tuning_delay) that defaults to the existing
behaviour. Drivers can set it to zero to eliminate the delay, or
set it to a positive value to always have a delay.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yangbo Lu <yangbo.lu@nxp.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Export sdhci_start_signal_voltage_switch() from sdhci.c.
Thus vendor sdhci driver can implement its own signal voltage
switch routine.
Signed-off-by: Hu Ziji <huziji@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@free-electrons.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Export sdhci_set_ios() in sdhci.c.
Thus vendor sdhci driver can implement its own set_ios() routine.
Signed-off-by: Hu Ziji <huziji@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@free-electrons.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Currently the get_timeout_clock callback doesn't clearly
have a statement that it needs the variant drivers to return
the timeout clock rate in kHz if the SDHCI_TIMEOUT_CLK_UNIT
isn't present, otherwise the variant drivers should return it
in MHz. It's also very likely that further variant drivers which
are going to use this callback will be confused by this situation.
Given the fact that moderm sdhci variant hosts are very prone to get
the timeout clock from common clock framework (actually the only three
users did that), it's more natural to return the value in Hz and we
make an explicit comment there. Then we put the unit conversion inside
the sdhci core. Thus will improve the code and prevent further misuses.
Reported-by: Anssi Hannula <anssi.hannula@bitwise.fi>
Signed-off-by: Shawn Lin <shawn.lin@rock-chips.com>
Acked-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Add an interrupt hook and helper functions for enabling, disabling and
delivering interrupts to a CQE.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Export sdhci_dumpregs so that it can be called by drivers.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Ensure all prints start with the mmc host name, and the text all lines up.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Ensure all debug prints start with the mmc host name.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Tuning execution is already synchronized with respect to other host
operations by upper layers "claiming" the host, which also takes care of
runtime pm. There can be no requests in progress. Retain the spin lock
usage only for ensuring that sending tuning commands is synchronized with
respect to the interrupt handler.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
The spin lock is not necessary in set_ios. Anything that is racing with
changes to the I/O state is already broken. The mmc core already provides
synchronization via "claiming" the host. So remove spin_lock and friends
from sdhci_set_ios and related callbacks.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Drivers can use the host operation directly, so remove this now unused
callback.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Devices might save and restore tuning values so that re-tuning might not be
needed after a pm transition. Let drivers decide by pushing the
mmc_retune_needed() logic down to them.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
The delay loops for reset and clock enable always take at least 1 ms
because they use mdelay(1). However they can take a lot less time e.g. less
than 50us. Use ktime and reduce the delay to 10 microseconds per loop.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
SDIO cards may need clock to send the card interrupt to the host.
On a cherrytrail tablet with a RTL8723BS wifi chip, without this patch
pinging the tablet results in:
PING 192.168.1.14 (192.168.1.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=78.6 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1760 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=753 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=3.88 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=795 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=1841 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=810 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=1860 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=812 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=48.6 ms
Where as with this patch I get:
PING 192.168.1.14 (192.168.1.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.96 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.97 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=17.2 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=2.46 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=2.83 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=1.40 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=2.10 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=1.40 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=2.04 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.14: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=1.40 ms
Cc: Dong Aisheng <b29396@freescale.com>
Cc: Ian W MORRISON <ianwmorrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Acked-by: Dong Aisheng <aisheng.dong@nxp.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Disabling interrupts for even a millisecond can cause problems for some
devices. That can happen when sdhci changes clock frequency because it
waits for the clock to become stable under a spin lock.
The spin lock is not necessary here. Anything that is racing with changes
to the I/O state is already broken. The mmc core already provides
synchronization via "claiming" the host.
Although the spin lock probably should be removed from the code paths that
lead to this point, such a patch would touch too much code to be suitable
for stable trees. Consequently, for this patch, just drop the spin lock
while waiting.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Ludovic Desroches <ludovic.desroches@microchip.com>
Clear SDHCI_HS400_TUNING flag after platform_execute_tuning
so that platform_execute_tuning may use it if needed.
Signed-off-by: Ritesh Harjani <riteshh@codeaurora.org>
Tested-by: Jeremy McNicoll <jeremymc@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In the MMC subsystem, we see such initializers that only clears the
first member explicitly.
For example,
struct mmc_request mrq = {NULL};
sets the first member (.sbc) to NULL explicitly. However, this is
an unstable form because we may insert a non-pointer member at the
top of the struct mmc_request in the future. (if we do so, the
compiler will spit warnings.)
So, using a designated initializer is preferred coding style. The
expression above is equivalent to:
struct mmc_request mrq = { .sbc = NULL };
Of course, this does not express our intention. We want to fill
all struct members with zeros. Please note struct members are
implicitly zero-cleared unless otherwise specified in the initializer.
After all, the most reasonable (and stable) form is:
struct mmc_request mrq = {};
Do likewise for mmc_command, mmc_data as well.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
One of our kernelCI boxes hanged at boot because a faulty eSDHC device
was triggering spurious CARD_INT interrupts for SD cards, causing CMD52
reads, which are not allowed for SD devices. This adds a sanity check
to the interruption path, preventing that illegal command from getting
sent if the CARD_INT interruption should be disabled.
This quirk allows that particular machine to resume boot despite the
faulty hardware, instead of getting hung dealing with thousands of
mishandled interrupts.
Suggested-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Gabriel Krisman Bertazi <krisman@collabora.co.uk>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Since commit c2c24819b2 ("mmc: core: Don't power off the card when
starting the host"), the power state can still be MMC_POWER_UNDEFINED after
mmc_start_host() is called. That can trigger a warning in SDHCI during
runtime resume as it tries to restore the I/O state. Handle
MMC_POWER_UNDEFINED simply by not updating the I/O state in that case.
Fixes: c2c24819b2 ("mmc: core: Don't power off the card when starting the host")
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Some SDHCI-compat controllers support not only SD, but also eMMC,
but they use different commands for tuning: CMD19 for SD, CMD21 for
eMMC.
Due to the difference of the underlying mechanism, some controllers
(at least, the Cadence IP is the case) provide their own registers
for the eMMC tuning.
This commit will be useful when we want to override .execute_tuning
callback (for eMMC HS200 tuning), but still let it fall back to
sdhci_execute_tuning() for SD timing.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Tidy the tuning loop by moving it to a separate function and making it a
for-loop.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
There are only 2 possible block sizes, so simplify 2 if-statements into 1.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Factor out some functions to tidy up the code in sdhci_execute_tuning.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Use mmc_abort_tuning() instead of open-coding the stop command.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
SDHCI falls back to fixed sampling if there is an error during tuning.
However it also reports an error unless there is periodic re-tuning.
That is not the best option because:
a) there is a reasonable chance that fixed sampling will work, especially
at room temperature.
b) re-tuning will be done again anyway if there are CRC errors.
Change to return no error always when falling back to fixed sampling.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
If the driver has exhausted the maximum number of tuning loops, then fixed
sampling is used. To do that both SDHCI_CTRL_TUNED_CLK and
SDHCI_CTRL_EXEC_TUNING must be reset to 0, but only SDHCI_CTRL_TUNED_CLK
was being reset. Reset SDHCI_CTRL_EXEC_TUNING to 0 also.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Clearing the tuning bits should reset the tuning circuit. However there is
more to do. Reset the command and data lines for good measure, and then
for eMMC ensure the card is not still trying to process a tuning command by
sending a stop command.
Note the JEDEC eMMC specification says the stop command (CMD12) can be used
to stop a tuning command (CMD21) whereas the SD specification is silent on
the subject with respect to the SD tuning command (CMD19). Considering that
CMD12 is not a valid SDIO command, the stop command is sent only when the
tuning command is CMD21 i.e. for eMMC. That addresses cases seen so far
which have been on eMMC.
Note that this replaces the commit fe5fb2e3b5 ("mmc: sdhci: Reset cmd and
data circuits after tuning failure") which is being reverted for v4.9+.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Tested-by: Dan O'Donovan <dan@emutex.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
This reverts commit fe5fb2e3b5 ("mmc: sdhci: Reset cmd and data circuits
after tuning failure").
A better fix is available, and it will be applied to older stable releases,
so get this out of the way by reverting it.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The void (*pre_req) callback in the struct mmc_host_ops vtable
is passing an argument "is_first_req" indicating whether this is
the first request or not.
None of the in-kernel users use this parameter: instead, since
they all just do variants of dma_map* they use the DMA cookie
to indicate whether a pre* callback has already been done for
a request when they decide how to handle it.
Delete the parameter from the callback and all users, as it is
just pointless cruft.
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Jaehoon Chung <jh80.chung@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Factor out sdhci_enable_clk from sdhci_set_clock
and make it EXPORT_SYMBOL so that it can be called.
Signed-off-by: Ritesh Harjani <riteshh@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The sdhci capabilities register can be incorrect. The sdhci-caps-mask
and sdhci-caps dt properties specify which bits of the register are
incorrect and what their values should be. This patch makes the sdhci
driver use those properties to correct the caps during
__sdhci_read_caps.
During __sdhci_read_caps
Use the sdhci-caps-mask property to turn off the incorrect bits of the
sdhci register after reading them.
Use the sdhci-caps to turn on bits after using sdhci-caps-mask to turn
off the incorrect ones.
Signed-off-by: Zach Brown <zach.brown@ni.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
value of ios->timing is not related with SDCHI v3.0. If Controller version
is v3.0, SDHCI_QUIRK_NO_HISPD_BIT is meaningless. To prevent the setting
wrong bit moves into one condition checking. (e.g sdhci-s3c doesn't use
SDHCI_CTRL_HISPD bit, instead using this bit as other purpose.)
Signed-off-by: Jaehoon Chung <jh80.chung@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
To prevent subsequent commands failing, ensure the cmd and data circuits
are reset after a tuning timeout.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In the busy response case (i.e. !host->data), an unexpected data interrupt
would result in clearing the data command as though it had completed but
without informing the upper layers and thus resulting in a hang. Fix by
only clearing the data command for data interrupts that are expected.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.8+
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
CMD line reset during an ongoing data transfer can cause the data transfer
to hang. Fix by delaying the reset until the data transfer is finished.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.8+
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Potentially overflowing expression 1000000 * data->timeout_clks with
type unsigned int is evaluated using 32-bit arithmetic, and then used
in a context that expects an expression of type unsigned long long.
To avoid overflow, cast 1000000U to type unsigned long long.
Special thanks to Coverity.
Fixes: 7f05538af7 ("mmc: sdhci: fix data timeout (part 2)")
Signed-off-by: Haibo Chen <haibo.chen@nxp.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.15+
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Unlike other cases, sdhci_set_power() does not reflect the default
implementation of the ->set_power() callback. Rename it and create
sdhci_set_power() that is the default implementation.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Multi-block data transfers can specify the number of blocks either using a
Set Block Count command (CMD23) or by sending a STOP command (CMD12) after
the required number of blocks has transferred. CMD23 is preferred, but some
cards don't support it. CMD12 with R1b response is used for writes, and
R1 response for reads.
Some SDHCI host controllers give a Transfer Complete (TC) interrupt for the
STOP command (CMD12) whether or not a R1b response has been specified. The
quirk SDHCI_QUIRK2_STOP_WITH_TC identifies those host controllers, but the
implementation only considers the case where the TC interrupt arrives at
the same time as the Command Complete (CC) interrupt. However,
occasionally TC arrives before CC. That is harmless, but does generate an
error message "Got data interrupt 0x00000002 even though no data operation
was in progress".
A simpler approach is to force R1b response onto all STOP commands, because
SDHCI will handle TC before CC in the general case, so do that.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Giuseppe Cavallaro <peppe.cavallaro@st.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Now SDHCI supports commands during transfer, enable support for the core
API.
There are 3 small changes needed:
First, auto-CMD12 cannot be used with a cap_cmd_during_tfr request because
the host controller cannot expect the command line to be available.
Secondly, a cap_cmd_during_tfr request must not send a stop command, again
because the host controller cannot expect the command line to be available.
Thirdly, when a cap_cmd_during_tfr command completes, use
mmc_command_complete() to notify the upper layers that the command line is
now available for further commands.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
wait_event_interruptible_timeout() will return early if the blocked
process receives a signal, causing the driver to abort the tuning
procedure and possibly leaving the controller in a bad state. Since the
tuning command is expected to complete quickly (<50ms) and we've set a
timeout, use wait_event_timeout() instead.
Signed-off-by: Christopher Freeman <cfreeman@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Robert Foss <robert.foss@collabora.com>
Signed-off-by: Robert Foss <robert.foss@collabora.com>
Reviewed-by: Benson Leung <bleung@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The capabilities of the SDHCI host controller are read early during the
SDHCI host initialisation in sdhci_setup_host() and before any
regulators for the host have been requested. This means that if the host
supports some high-speed modes (according to its capabilities register),
but the board cannot because the appropriate voltage regulator is not
available, then the host cannot easily override the capabilities that
are supported.
To allow a SDHCI host controller to determine if it can support UHS high
speed modes via the presence of the MMC regulators, request the
regulators before reading the capabilities of the host controller. This
will allow the SDHCI host to use the 'reset' callback to take the
appropriate action (set flags, configure registers, etc) before the
capabilities register(s) are read.
Please note that some SDHCI hosts, such as the Tegra SDHCI host, has
the ability to mask bits in the capabilities register to prevent
certain capabilities from being advertised.
Signed-off-by: Jon Hunter <jonathanh@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
If HW supports SDHCI_TUNING_MODE_3 which is auto retuning, we won't
retune during runtime suspend and resume, instead we use Re-tuning
Request signaled via SDHCI_INT_RETUNE interrupt to do retuning and
hw auto retuning during data transfer to guarantee the signal sample
window correction.
This can avoid a mass of repeatedly retuning during small file system
data access and improve the performance.
Signed-off-by: Dong Aisheng <aisheng.dong@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Switch to use the more robust common mmc_regulator_set_vqmmc()
function in MMC core which set the target voltage as close as
possible to target voltage.
We did not re-factor the whole sdhci_start_signal_voltage_switch()
cause we want to keep the original signal switch order between host
and card to avoid potential break.
Signed-off-by: Dong Aisheng <aisheng.dong@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
sdhci_send_command() starts a timer to catch cases where the host
controller fails. The timer is normally deleted when the request completes,
but in the case of sdhci_execute_tuning() the request is handled
differently and the timer is left running. This goes unnoticed because
tuning is done before another command so the timer gets reset then.
That should not be relied upon, so make sdhci_execute_tuning() delete the
timer.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
The STOP command is sent in error conditions, even when the command is
not finished. Avoid triggering the warning for that in sdhci_send_command()
by setting host->cmd to NULL first.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In order to support commands during data transfer, it will be possible to
need to reset the command circuit while the data circuit is in use, and
vice versa. It is now easy to determine whether the command or data circuit
is in use, and so just skip the corresponding reset if it is.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Factor out sdhci_auto_cmd12() so that there is a single place that controls
whether auto-CMD12 is used.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In order to support commands during data transfer, there will have to be up
to two active requests (mrqs) at a time, instead of just one. That means
recording which request is finished. Doing that obsoletes host->mrq which
is therefore removed.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
In order to support commands during data transfer, there will have to be up
to two active requests (mrqs) at a time, instead of just one. Provide two
timers instead of just one. One of the timers is for requests that do not
use the data lines, and the other one is for requests that do.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
