This additional notification to 'array_state' is needed to allow the
monitor application to learn about stop events via sysfs. The
sysfs_notify("sync_action") call that comes at the end of do_md_stop()
(via md_new_event) is insufficient since the 'sync_action' attribute has
been removed by this point.
(Seems like a sysfs-notify-on-removal patch is a better fix. Currently
removal updates the event count but does not wake up waiters)
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When an array enters write pending, 'array_state' changes, so we must be
sure to sysfs_notify.
Also, when waiting for user-space to acknowledge 'write-pending' by
marking the metadata as dirty, we don't want to wait for MD_CHANGE_DEVS to
be cleared as that might not happen. So explicity test for the bits that
we are really interested in.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kill the trivial and rather pointless file_path wrapper around d_path.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allows a userspace metadata handler to take action upon detecting a device
failure.
Based on an original patch by Neil Brown.
Changes:
-added blocked_wait waitqueue to rdev
-don't qualify Blocked with Faulty always let userspace block writes
-added md_wait_for_blocked_rdev to wait for the block device to be clear, if
userspace misses the notification another one is sent every 5 seconds
-set MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED after clearing "blocked"
-kill DoBlock flag, just test mddev->external
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Found when trying to reassemble an active externally managed array. Without
this check we hit the more noisy "sysfs duplicate" warning in the later call
to kobject_add.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When setting an array to 'readonly' or to 'active' via sysfs, we must make the
appropriate set_disk_ro call too.
Also when switching to "read_auto" (which is like readonly, but blocks on the
first write so that metadata can be marked 'dirty') we need to be more careful
about what state we are changing from.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
'safemode' relates to marking an array as 'clean' if there has been no write
traffic for a while (a couple of seconds), to reduce the chance of the array
being found dirty on reboot.
->safemode is set to '1' when there have been no write for a while, and it
gets set to '0' when the superblock is updates with the 'clean' flag set.
This requires a few fixes for 'external' metadata:
- When an array is set to 'clean' via sysfs, 'safemode' must be cleared.
- when we write to an array that has 'safemode' set (there must have been
some delay in updating the metadata), we need to clear safemode.
- Don't try to update external metadata in md_check_recovery for safemode
transitions - it won't work.
Also, don't try to support "immediate safe mode" (safemode==2) for external
metadata, it cannot really work (the safemode timeout can be set very low if
this is really needed).
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I keep finding problems where an mddev gets reused and some fields has a value
from a previous usage that confuses the new usage. So clear all fields that
could possible need clearing when calling do_md_stop.
Also initialise the 'level' of a new array to LEVEL_NONE (which isn't 0).
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All the metadata update processing for external metadata is on in user-space
or through the sysfs interfaces, so make "md_update_sb" a no-op in that case.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
rdev->mddev is no longer valid upon return from entry->store() when the
'remove' command is given.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block:
block: Skip I/O merges when disabled
block: add large command support
block: replace sizeof(rq->cmd) with BLK_MAX_CDB
ide: use blk_rq_init() to initialize the request
block: use blk_rq_init() to initialize the request
block: rename and export rq_init()
block: no need to initialize rq->cmd with blk_get_request
block: no need to initialize rq->cmd in prepare_flush_fn hook
block/blk-barrier.c:blk_ordered_cur_seq() mustn't be inline
block/elevator.c:elv_rq_merge_ok() mustn't be inline
block: make queue flags non-atomic
block: add dma alignment and padding support to blk_rq_map_kern
unexport blk_max_pfn
ps3disk: Remove superfluous cast
block: make rq_init() do a full memset()
relay: fix splice problem
Use proc_create()/proc_create_data() to make sure that ->proc_fops and ->data
be setup before gluing PDE to main tree.
Signed-off-by: Denis V. Lunev <den@openvz.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Peter Osterlund <petero2@telia.com>
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We can save some atomic ops in the IO path, if we clearly define
the rules of how to modify the queue flags.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
drivers/md/md.c:734:16: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
drivers/md/md.c:1115:16: warning: Using plain integer as NULL pointer
Add some braces to match the else-block as well.
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
drivers/md/*.[ch] contains only one more printk line with a trailing space.
Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Nick Andrew <nick@nick-andrew.net>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Exposing the binary blob which is the md 'super-block' via sysfs doesn't
really fit with the whole sysfs model, and ever since commit
8118a859dc ("sysfs: fix off-by-one error
in fill_read_buffer()") it doesn't actually work at all (as the size of
the blob is often one page).
(akpm: as in, fs/sysfs/file.c:fill_read_buffer() goes BUG)
So just remove it altogether. It isn't really useful.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If an md array is "auto-read-only", then this appears in /proc/mdstat as
/dev/md0: active(auto-read-only)
whereas if it is truely readonly, it appears as
/dev/md0: active (read-only)
The difference being a space.
One program known to parse this file expects the space and gets badly
confused. It will be fixed, but it would be best if what the kernel generates
is more consistent too.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When we access attributes of an rdev (component device on an md array) through
sysfs, we really need to lock the array against concurrent changes. We
currently do that when we change an attribute, but not when we read an
attribute. We need to lock when reading as well else rdev->mddev could become
NULL while we are accessing it.
So add appropriate locking (mddev_lock) to rdev_attr_show.
rdev_size_store requires some extra care as well as it needs to unlock the
mddev while scanning other mddevs for overlapping regions. We currently
assume that rdev->mddev will still be unchanged after the scan, but that
cannot be certain. So take a copy of rdev->mddev for use at the end of the
function.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A resync/reshape/recovery thread will refuse to progress when the array is
marked read-only. So whenever it mark it not read-only, it is important to
wake up thread resync thread. There is one place we didn't do this.
The problem manifests if the start_ro module parameters is set, and a raid5
array that is in the middle of a reshape (restripe) is started. The array
will initially be semi-read-only (meaning it acts like it is readonly until
the first write). So the reshape will not proceed.
On the first write, the array will become read-write, but the reshape will not
be started, and there is no event which will ever restart that thread.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a raid1 array is stopped, all components currently get added to the list
for auto-detection. However we should really only add components that were
found by autodetection in the first place. So add a flag to record that
information, and use it.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Make sure the data doesn't start before the end of the superblock when the
superblock is at the start of the device.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
seq_path() is always called with a dentry and a vfsmount from a struct path.
Make seq_path() take it directly as an argument.
Signed-off-by: Jan Blunck <jblunck@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Finish ITERATE_ to for_each conversion.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As this is more in line with common practice in the kernel. Also swap the
args around to be more like list_for_each.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As this is more consistent with kernel style.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As suggested by Andrew Morton.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Due to possible deadlock issues we need to use a schedule work to kobject_del
an 'rdev' object from a different thread.
A recent change means that kobject_add no longer gets a refernce, and
kobject_del doesn't put a reference. Consequently, we need to explicitly hold
a reference to ensure that the last reference isn't dropped before the
scheduled work get a chance to call kobject_del.
Also, rename delayed_delete to md_delayed_delete to that it is more obvious in
a stack trace which code is to blame.
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, a given device is "claimed" by a particular array so that it cannot
be used by other arrays.
This is not ideal for DDF and other metadata schemes which have their own
partitioning concept.
So for externally managed metadata, just claim the device for md in general,
require that "offset" and "size" are set properly for each device, and make
sure that if a device is included in different arrays then the active sections
do not overlap.
This involves adding another flag to the rdev which makes it awkward to set
"->flags = 0" to clear certain flags. So now clear flags explicitly by name
when we want to clear things.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If you try to start an array for which the number of raid disks is listed as
zero, md will currently try to read metadata off any devices that have been
given. This was done because the value of raid_disks is used to signal
whether array details have been provided by userspace (raid_disks > 0) or must
be read from the devices (raid_disks == 0).
However for an array without persistent metadata (or with externally managed
metadata) this is the wrong thing to do. So we add a test in do_md_run to
give an error if raid_disks is zero for non-persistent arrays.
This requires that mddev->persistent is set corrently at this point, which it
currently isn't for in-kernel autodetected arrays.
So set ->persistent for autodetect arrays, and remove the settign in
super_*_validate which is now redundant.
Also clear ->persistent when stopping an array so it is consistently zero when
starting an array.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows userspace to control resync/reshape progress and synchronise it
with other activities, such as shared access in a SAN, or backing up critical
sections during a tricky reshape.
Writing a number of sectors (which must be a multiple of the chunk size if
such is meaningful) causes a resync to pause when it gets to that point.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When a device fails, we must not allow an further writes to the array until
the device failure has been recorded in array metadata. When metadata is
managed externally, this requires some synchronisation...
Allow/require userspace to explicitly remove failed devices from active
service in the array by writing 'none' to the 'slot' attribute. If this
reduces the number of failed devices to 0, the write block will automatically
be lowered.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Add a state flag 'external' to indicate that the metadata is managed
externally (by user-space) so important changes need to be
left of user-space to handle.
Alternates are non-persistant ('none') where there is no stable metadata -
after the array is stopped there is no record of it's status - and
internal which can be version 0.90 or version 1.x
These are selected by writing to the 'metadata' attribute.
- move the updating of superblocks (sync_sbs) to after we have checked if
there are any superblocks or not.
- New array state 'write_pending'. This means that the metadata records
the array as 'clean', but a write has been requested, so the metadata has
to be updated to record a 'dirty' array before the write can continue.
This change is reported to md by writing 'active' to the array_state
attribute.
- tidy up marking of sb_dirty:
- don't set sb_dirty when resync finishes as md_check_recovery
calls md_update_sb when the sync thread finishes anyway.
- Don't set sb_dirty in multipath_run as the array might not be dirty.
- don't mark superblock dirty when switching to 'clean' if there
is no internal superblock (if external, userspace can choose to
update the superblock whenever it chooses to).
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no need for kobject_unregister() anymore, thanks to Kay's
kobject cleanup changes, so replace all instances of it with
kobject_put().
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Now that the old kobject_init() function is gone, rename
kobject_init_ng() to kobject_init() to clean up the namespace.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Now that the old kobject_add() function is gone, rename kobject_add_ng()
to kobject_add() to clean up the namespace.
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This converts the code to use the new kobject functions, cleaning up the
logic in doing so.
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
This moves the block devices to /sys/class/block. It will create a
flat list of all block devices, with the disks and partitions in one
directory. For compatibility /sys/block is created and contains symlinks
to the disks.
/sys/class/block
|-- sda -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda
|-- sda1 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda1
|-- sda10 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda10
|-- sda5 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda5
|-- sda6 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda6
|-- sda7 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda7
|-- sda8 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda8
|-- sda9 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda/sda9
`-- sr0 -> ../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sr0
/sys/block/
|-- sda -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda
`-- sr0 -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sr0
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Stop using kobject_register, as this way we can control the sending of
the uevent properly, after everything is properly initialized.
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Added blk_unplug interface, allowing all invocations of unplugs to result
in a generated blktrace UNPLUG.
Signed-off-by: Alan D. Brunelle <Alan.Brunelle@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
The task_struct->pid member is going to be deprecated, so start
using the helpers (task_pid_nr/task_pid_vnr/task_pid_nr_ns) in
the kernel.
The first thing to start with is the pid, printed to dmesg - in
this case we may safely use task_pid_nr(). Besides, printks produce
more (much more) than a half of all the explicit pid usage.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: git-drm went and changed lots of stuff]
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The 'degraded' attribute is useful to quickly determine if the array is
degraded, instead of parsing 'mdadm -D' output or relying on the other
techniques (number of working devices against number of defined devices,
etc.). The md code already keeps track of this attribute, so it's useful to
export it.
Signed-off-by: Iustin Pop <iusty@k1024.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When an array is started read-only, MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED can be set but no
recovery will be running. This causes 'sync_action' to report the wrong
value.
We could remove the test for MD_RECOVERY_NEEDED, but doing so would leave a
small gap after requesting a sync action, where 'sync_action' would still
report the old value.
So make sure that for a read-only array, 'sync_action' always returns 'idle'.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In current release kernels the md module (Software RAID) uses a static
array (dev_t[128]) to store partition/device info temporarily for
autostart.
I discovered this (and that the devices are added as disks/partitions are
discovered at boot) while I was debugging why only one of my MD arrays would
come up whole, while all the others were short a disk.
I eventually discovered that it was enumerating through all of 9 of my 11 hds
(2 had only 4 partitions apiece) while the other 9 have 15 partitions (I
wanted 64 per drive...). The last partition of the 8th drive in my 9 drive
raid 5 sets wasn't added, thus making the final md array short both a parity
and data disk, and it was started later, elsewhere.
This patch replaces that static array with a list.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: removed unused var]
Signed-off-by: Michael J. Evans <mjevans1983@gmail.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A number of different drivers incorrect access the kobject name field
directly. This is not correct as the name might not be in the array.
Use the proper accessor function instead.
As bi_end_io is only called once when the reqeust is complete,
the 'size' argument is now redundant. Remove it.
Now there is no need for bio_endio to subtract the size completed
from bi_size. So don't do that either.
While we are at it, change bi_end_io to return void.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Some of the code has been gradually transitioned to using the proper
struct request_queue, but there's lots left. So do a full sweet of
the kernel and get rid of this typedef and replace its uses with
the proper type.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
