diff --git a/include/linux/skmsg.h b/include/linux/skmsg.h
index 1e9ed840b9fc..3119928fc103 100644
--- a/include/linux/skmsg.h
+++ b/include/linux/skmsg.h
@@ -340,23 +340,6 @@ static inline void sk_psock_update_proto(struct sock *sk,
 					 struct sk_psock *psock,
 					 struct proto *ops)
 {
-	/* Initialize saved callbacks and original proto only once, since this
-	 * function may be called multiple times for a psock, e.g. when
-	 * psock->progs.msg_parser is updated.
-	 *
-	 * Since we've not installed the new proto, psock is not yet in use and
-	 * we can initialize it without synchronization.
-	 */
-	if (!psock->sk_proto) {
-		struct proto *orig = READ_ONCE(sk->sk_prot);
-
-		psock->saved_unhash = orig->unhash;
-		psock->saved_close = orig->close;
-		psock->saved_write_space = sk->sk_write_space;
-
-		psock->sk_proto = orig;
-	}
-
 	/* Pairs with lockless read in sk_clone_lock() */
 	WRITE_ONCE(sk->sk_prot, ops);
 }
diff --git a/net/core/skmsg.c b/net/core/skmsg.c
index 6a32a1fd34f8..1c81caf9630f 100644
--- a/net/core/skmsg.c
+++ b/net/core/skmsg.c
@@ -494,14 +494,34 @@ end:
 
 struct sk_psock *sk_psock_init(struct sock *sk, int node)
 {
-	struct sk_psock *psock = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*psock),
-					      GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN,
-					      node);
-	if (!psock)
-		return NULL;
+	struct sk_psock *psock;
+	struct proto *prot;
 
+	write_lock_bh(&sk->sk_callback_lock);
+
+	if (inet_csk_has_ulp(sk)) {
+		psock = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (sk->sk_user_data) {
+		psock = ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	psock = kzalloc_node(sizeof(*psock), GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN, node);
+	if (!psock) {
+		psock = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	prot = READ_ONCE(sk->sk_prot);
 	psock->sk = sk;
-	psock->eval =  __SK_NONE;
+	psock->eval = __SK_NONE;
+	psock->sk_proto = prot;
+	psock->saved_unhash = prot->unhash;
+	psock->saved_close = prot->close;
+	psock->saved_write_space = sk->sk_write_space;
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&psock->link);
 	spin_lock_init(&psock->link_lock);
@@ -516,6 +536,8 @@ struct sk_psock *sk_psock_init(struct sock *sk, int node)
 	rcu_assign_sk_user_data_nocopy(sk, psock);
 	sock_hold(sk);
 
+out:
+	write_unlock_bh(&sk->sk_callback_lock);
 	return psock;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sk_psock_init);
diff --git a/net/core/sock_map.c b/net/core/sock_map.c
index 119f52a99dc1..abe4bac40db9 100644
--- a/net/core/sock_map.c
+++ b/net/core/sock_map.c
@@ -184,8 +184,6 @@ static int sock_map_init_proto(struct sock *sk, struct sk_psock *psock)
 {
 	struct proto *prot;
 
-	sock_owned_by_me(sk);
-
 	switch (sk->sk_type) {
 	case SOCK_STREAM:
 		prot = tcp_bpf_get_proto(sk, psock);
@@ -272,8 +270,8 @@ static int sock_map_link(struct bpf_map *map, struct sk_psock_progs *progs,
 		}
 	} else {
 		psock = sk_psock_init(sk, map->numa_node);
-		if (!psock) {
-			ret = -ENOMEM;
+		if (IS_ERR(psock)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(psock);
 			goto out_progs;
 		}
 	}
@@ -322,8 +320,8 @@ static int sock_map_link_no_progs(struct bpf_map *map, struct sock *sk)
 
 	if (!psock) {
 		psock = sk_psock_init(sk, map->numa_node);
-		if (!psock)
-			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (IS_ERR(psock))
+			return PTR_ERR(psock);
 	}
 
 	ret = sock_map_init_proto(sk, psock);
@@ -478,8 +476,6 @@ static int sock_map_update_common(struct bpf_map *map, u32 idx,
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (unlikely(idx >= map->max_entries))
 		return -E2BIG;
-	if (inet_csk_has_ulp(sk))
-		return -EINVAL;
 
 	link = sk_psock_init_link();
 	if (!link)
@@ -855,8 +851,6 @@ static int sock_hash_update_common(struct bpf_map *map, void *key,
 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_read_lock_held());
 	if (unlikely(flags > BPF_EXIST))
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if (inet_csk_has_ulp(sk))
-		return -EINVAL;
 
 	link = sk_psock_init_link();
 	if (!link)
diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_bpf.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_bpf.c
index 7aa68f4aae6c..37f4cb2bba5c 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/tcp_bpf.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_bpf.c
@@ -567,10 +567,9 @@ static void tcp_bpf_rebuild_protos(struct proto prot[TCP_BPF_NUM_CFGS],
 	prot[TCP_BPF_TX].sendpage		= tcp_bpf_sendpage;
 }
 
-static void tcp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(struct sock *sk, struct proto *ops)
+static void tcp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(struct proto *ops)
 {
-	if (sk->sk_family == AF_INET6 &&
-	    unlikely(ops != smp_load_acquire(&tcpv6_prot_saved))) {
+	if (unlikely(ops != smp_load_acquire(&tcpv6_prot_saved))) {
 		spin_lock_bh(&tcpv6_prot_lock);
 		if (likely(ops != tcpv6_prot_saved)) {
 			tcp_bpf_rebuild_protos(tcp_bpf_prots[TCP_BPF_IPV6], ops);
@@ -603,13 +602,11 @@ struct proto *tcp_bpf_get_proto(struct sock *sk, struct sk_psock *psock)
 	int family = sk->sk_family == AF_INET6 ? TCP_BPF_IPV6 : TCP_BPF_IPV4;
 	int config = psock->progs.msg_parser   ? TCP_BPF_TX   : TCP_BPF_BASE;
 
-	if (!psock->sk_proto) {
-		struct proto *ops = READ_ONCE(sk->sk_prot);
-
-		if (tcp_bpf_assert_proto_ops(ops))
+	if (sk->sk_family == AF_INET6) {
+		if (tcp_bpf_assert_proto_ops(psock->sk_proto))
 			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
-		tcp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(sk, ops);
+		tcp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(psock->sk_proto);
 	}
 
 	return &tcp_bpf_prots[family][config];
diff --git a/net/ipv4/udp_bpf.c b/net/ipv4/udp_bpf.c
index eddd973e6575..7a94791efc1a 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/udp_bpf.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/udp_bpf.c
@@ -22,10 +22,9 @@ static void udp_bpf_rebuild_protos(struct proto *prot, const struct proto *base)
 	prot->close  = sock_map_close;
 }
 
-static void udp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(struct sock *sk, struct proto *ops)
+static void udp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(struct proto *ops)
 {
-	if (sk->sk_family == AF_INET6 &&
-	    unlikely(ops != smp_load_acquire(&udpv6_prot_saved))) {
+	if (unlikely(ops != smp_load_acquire(&udpv6_prot_saved))) {
 		spin_lock_bh(&udpv6_prot_lock);
 		if (likely(ops != udpv6_prot_saved)) {
 			udp_bpf_rebuild_protos(&udp_bpf_prots[UDP_BPF_IPV6], ops);
@@ -46,8 +45,8 @@ struct proto *udp_bpf_get_proto(struct sock *sk, struct sk_psock *psock)
 {
 	int family = sk->sk_family == AF_INET ? UDP_BPF_IPV4 : UDP_BPF_IPV6;
 
-	if (!psock->sk_proto)
-		udp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(sk, READ_ONCE(sk->sk_prot));
+	if (sk->sk_family == AF_INET6)
+		udp_bpf_check_v6_needs_rebuild(psock->sk_proto);
 
 	return &udp_bpf_prots[family];
 }