License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 14:07:57 +00:00
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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#ifndef _ASM_M32R_IO_H
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#define _ASM_M32R_IO_H
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#include <linux/string.h>
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#include <linux/compiler.h>
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#include <asm/page.h> /* __va */
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#ifdef __KERNEL__
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#define IO_SPACE_LIMIT 0xFFFFFFFF
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/**
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* virt_to_phys - map virtual addresses to physical
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* @address: address to remap
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*
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* The returned physical address is the physical (CPU) mapping for
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* the memory address given. It is only valid to use this function on
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* addresses directly mapped or allocated via kmalloc.
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*
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* This function does not give bus mappings for DMA transfers. In
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* almost all conceivable cases a device driver should not be using
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* this function
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*/
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static inline unsigned long virt_to_phys(volatile void * address)
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{
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return __pa(address);
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}
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/**
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* phys_to_virt - map physical address to virtual
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* @address: address to remap
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*
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* The returned virtual address is a current CPU mapping for
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* the memory address given. It is only valid to use this function on
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* addresses that have a kernel mapping
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*
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* This function does not handle bus mappings for DMA transfers. In
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* almost all conceivable cases a device driver should not be using
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* this function
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*/
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static inline void *phys_to_virt(unsigned long address)
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{
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return __va(address);
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}
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extern void __iomem *
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__ioremap(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size, unsigned long flags);
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/**
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* ioremap - map bus memory into CPU space
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* @offset: bus address of the memory
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* @size: size of the resource to map
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*
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* ioremap performs a platform specific sequence of operations to
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* make bus memory CPU accessible via the readb/readw/readl/writeb/
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* writew/writel functions and the other mmio helpers. The returned
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* address is not guaranteed to be usable directly as a virtual
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* address.
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*/
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2005-09-26 05:19:28 +00:00
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static inline void __iomem *ioremap(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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{
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return __ioremap(offset, size, 0);
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}
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extern void iounmap(volatile void __iomem *addr);
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#define ioremap_nocache(off,size) ioremap(off,size)
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2015-02-06 13:45:26 +00:00
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#define ioremap_wc ioremap_nocache
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2015-06-04 16:55:16 +00:00
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#define ioremap_wt ioremap_nocache
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2015-07-28 18:17:13 +00:00
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#define ioremap_uc ioremap_nocache
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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/*
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* IO bus memory addresses are also 1:1 with the physical address
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*/
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#define page_to_phys(page) (page_to_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT)
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#define page_to_bus page_to_phys
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#define virt_to_bus virt_to_phys
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extern unsigned char _inb(unsigned long);
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extern unsigned short _inw(unsigned long);
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extern unsigned long _inl(unsigned long);
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extern unsigned char _inb_p(unsigned long);
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extern unsigned short _inw_p(unsigned long);
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extern unsigned long _inl_p(unsigned long);
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extern void _outb(unsigned char, unsigned long);
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extern void _outw(unsigned short, unsigned long);
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extern void _outl(unsigned long, unsigned long);
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extern void _outb_p(unsigned char, unsigned long);
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extern void _outw_p(unsigned short, unsigned long);
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extern void _outl_p(unsigned long, unsigned long);
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extern void _insb(unsigned int, void *, unsigned long);
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extern void _insw(unsigned int, void *, unsigned long);
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extern void _insl(unsigned int, void *, unsigned long);
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extern void _outsb(unsigned int, const void *, unsigned long);
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extern void _outsw(unsigned int, const void *, unsigned long);
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extern void _outsl(unsigned int, const void *, unsigned long);
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static inline unsigned char _readb(unsigned long addr)
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{
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return *(volatile unsigned char __force *)addr;
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}
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static inline unsigned short _readw(unsigned long addr)
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{
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return *(volatile unsigned short __force *)addr;
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}
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static inline unsigned long _readl(unsigned long addr)
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{
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return *(volatile unsigned long __force *)addr;
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}
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static inline void _writeb(unsigned char b, unsigned long addr)
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{
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*(volatile unsigned char __force *)addr = b;
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}
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static inline void _writew(unsigned short w, unsigned long addr)
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{
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*(volatile unsigned short __force *)addr = w;
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}
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static inline void _writel(unsigned long l, unsigned long addr)
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{
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*(volatile unsigned long __force *)addr = l;
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}
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#define inb _inb
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#define inw _inw
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#define inl _inl
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#define outb _outb
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#define outw _outw
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#define outl _outl
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#define inb_p _inb_p
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#define inw_p _inw_p
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#define inl_p _inl_p
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#define outb_p _outb_p
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#define outw_p _outw_p
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#define outl_p _outl_p
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#define insb _insb
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#define insw _insw
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#define insl _insl
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#define outsb _outsb
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#define outsw _outsw
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#define outsl _outsl
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#define readb(addr) _readb((unsigned long)(addr))
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#define readw(addr) _readw((unsigned long)(addr))
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#define readl(addr) _readl((unsigned long)(addr))
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#define __raw_readb readb
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#define __raw_readw readw
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#define __raw_readl readl
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#define readb_relaxed readb
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#define readw_relaxed readw
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#define readl_relaxed readl
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#define writeb(val, addr) _writeb((val), (unsigned long)(addr))
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#define writew(val, addr) _writew((val), (unsigned long)(addr))
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#define writel(val, addr) _writel((val), (unsigned long)(addr))
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#define __raw_writeb writeb
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#define __raw_writew writew
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#define __raw_writel writel
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2013-09-03 18:11:58 +00:00
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#define writeb_relaxed writeb
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#define writew_relaxed writew
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#define writel_relaxed writel
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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2015-12-29 22:54:19 +00:00
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#define ioread8 readb
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2009-08-26 04:04:33 +00:00
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#define ioread16 readw
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#define ioread32 readl
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#define iowrite8 writeb
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#define iowrite16 writew
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#define iowrite32 writel
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2015-12-29 22:54:19 +00:00
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#define ioread8_rep(p, dst, count) insb((unsigned long)(p), (dst), (count))
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#define ioread16_rep(p, dst, count) insw((unsigned long)(p), (dst), (count))
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#define ioread32_rep(p, dst, count) insl((unsigned long)(p), (dst), (count))
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#define iowrite8_rep(p, src, count) outsb((unsigned long)(p), (src), (count))
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#define iowrite16_rep(p, src, count) outsw((unsigned long)(p), (src), (count))
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#define iowrite32_rep(p, src, count) outsl((unsigned long)(p), (src), (count))
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2015-07-09 03:10:06 +00:00
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#define ioread16be(addr) be16_to_cpu(readw(addr))
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#define ioread32be(addr) be32_to_cpu(readl(addr))
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#define iowrite16be(v, addr) writew(cpu_to_be16(v), (addr))
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#define iowrite32be(v, addr) writel(cpu_to_be32(v), (addr))
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2005-04-16 22:20:36 +00:00
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#define mmiowb()
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static inline void
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memset_io(volatile void __iomem *addr, unsigned char val, int count)
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{
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memset((void __force *) addr, val, count);
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}
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static inline void
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memcpy_fromio(void *dst, volatile void __iomem *src, int count)
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{
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memcpy(dst, (void __force *) src, count);
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}
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static inline void
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memcpy_toio(volatile void __iomem *dst, const void *src, int count)
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{
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memcpy((void __force *) dst, src, count);
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}
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/*
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* Convert a physical pointer to a virtual kernel pointer for /dev/mem
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* access
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*/
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#define xlate_dev_mem_ptr(p) __va(p)
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/*
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* Convert a virtual cached pointer to an uncached pointer
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*/
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#define xlate_dev_kmem_ptr(p) p
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#endif /* __KERNEL__ */
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#endif /* _ASM_M32R_IO_H */
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