zig/lib/std/bounded_array.zig
Andrew Kelley d29871977f remove redundant license headers from zig standard library
We already have a LICENSE file that covers the Zig Standard Library. We
no longer need to remind everyone that the license is MIT in every single
file.

Previously this was introduced to clarify the situation for a fork of
Zig that made Zig's LICENSE file harder to find, and replaced it with
their own license that required annual payments to their company.
However that fork now appears to be dead. So there is no need to
reinforce the copyright notice in every single file.
2021-08-24 12:25:09 -07:00

316 lines
11 KiB
Zig

const std = @import("std.zig");
const assert = std.debug.assert;
const mem = std.mem;
const testing = std.testing;
/// A structure with an array and a length, that can be used as a slice.
///
/// Useful to pass around small arrays whose exact size is only known at
/// runtime, but whose maximum size is known at comptime, without requiring
/// an `Allocator`.
///
/// ```zig
/// var actual_size = 32;
/// var a = try BoundedArray(u8, 64).init(actual_size);
/// var slice = a.slice(); // a slice of the 64-byte array
/// var a_clone = a; // creates a copy - the structure doesn't use any internal pointers
/// ```
pub fn BoundedArray(comptime T: type, comptime capacity: usize) type {
return struct {
const Self = @This();
buffer: [capacity]T,
len: usize = 0,
/// Set the actual length of the slice.
/// Returns error.Overflow if it exceeds the length of the backing array.
pub fn init(len: usize) !Self {
if (len > capacity) return error.Overflow;
return Self{ .buffer = undefined, .len = len };
}
/// View the internal array as a mutable slice whose size was previously set.
pub fn slice(self: *Self) []T {
return self.buffer[0..self.len];
}
/// View the internal array as a constant slice whose size was previously set.
pub fn constSlice(self: Self) []const T {
return self.buffer[0..self.len];
}
/// Adjust the slice's length to `len`.
/// Does not initialize added items if any.
pub fn resize(self: *Self, len: usize) !void {
if (len > capacity) return error.Overflow;
self.len = len;
}
/// Copy the content of an existing slice.
pub fn fromSlice(m: []const T) !Self {
var list = try init(m.len);
std.mem.copy(T, list.slice(), m);
return list;
}
/// Return the element at index `i` of the slice.
pub fn get(self: Self, i: usize) T {
return self.constSlice()[i];
}
/// Set the value of the element at index `i` of the slice.
pub fn set(self: *Self, i: usize, item: T) void {
self.slice()[i] = item;
}
/// Return the maximum length of a slice.
pub fn capacity(self: Self) usize {
return self.buffer.len;
}
/// Check that the slice can hold at least `additional_count` items.
pub fn ensureUnusedCapacity(self: Self, additional_count: usize) !void {
if (self.len + additional_count > capacity) {
return error.Overflow;
}
}
/// Increase length by 1, returning a pointer to the new item.
pub fn addOne(self: *Self) !*T {
try self.ensureUnusedCapacity(1);
return self.addOneAssumeCapacity();
}
/// Increase length by 1, returning pointer to the new item.
/// Asserts that there is space for the new item.
pub fn addOneAssumeCapacity(self: *Self) *T {
assert(self.len < capacity);
self.len += 1;
return &self.slice()[self.len - 1];
}
/// Resize the slice, adding `n` new elements, which have `undefined` values.
/// The return value is a slice pointing to the uninitialized elements.
pub fn addManyAsArray(self: *Self, comptime n: usize) !*[n]T {
const prev_len = self.len;
try self.resize(self.len + n);
return self.slice()[prev_len..][0..n];
}
/// Remove and return the last element from the slice.
/// Asserts the slice has at least one item.
pub fn pop(self: *Self) T {
const item = self.get(self.len - 1);
self.len -= 1;
return item;
}
/// Remove and return the last element from the slice, or
/// return `null` if the slice is empty.
pub fn popOrNull(self: *Self) ?T {
return if (self.len == 0) null else self.pop();
}
/// Return a slice of only the extra capacity after items.
/// This can be useful for writing directly into it.
/// Note that such an operation must be followed up with a
/// call to `resize()`
pub fn unusedCapacitySlice(self: *Self) []T {
return self.buffer[self.len..];
}
/// Insert `item` at index `i` by moving `slice[n .. slice.len]` to make room.
/// This operation is O(N).
pub fn insert(self: *Self, i: usize, item: T) !void {
if (i >= self.len) {
return error.IndexOutOfBounds;
}
_ = try self.addOne();
var s = self.slice();
mem.copyBackwards(T, s[i + 1 .. s.len], s[i .. s.len - 1]);
self.buffer[i] = item;
}
/// Insert slice `items` at index `i` by moving `slice[i .. slice.len]` to make room.
/// This operation is O(N).
pub fn insertSlice(self: *Self, i: usize, items: []const T) !void {
try self.ensureUnusedCapacity(items.len);
self.len += items.len;
mem.copyBackwards(T, self.slice()[i + items.len .. self.len], self.constSlice()[i .. self.len - items.len]);
mem.copy(T, self.slice()[i .. i + items.len], items);
}
/// Replace range of elements `slice[start..start+len]` with `new_items`.
/// Grows slice if `len < new_items.len`.
/// Shrinks slice if `len > new_items.len`.
pub fn replaceRange(self: *Self, start: usize, len: usize, new_items: []const T) !void {
const after_range = start + len;
var range = self.slice()[start..after_range];
if (range.len == new_items.len) {
mem.copy(T, range, new_items);
} else if (range.len < new_items.len) {
const first = new_items[0..range.len];
const rest = new_items[range.len..];
mem.copy(T, range, first);
try self.insertSlice(after_range, rest);
} else {
mem.copy(T, range, new_items);
const after_subrange = start + new_items.len;
for (self.constSlice()[after_range..]) |item, i| {
self.slice()[after_subrange..][i] = item;
}
self.len -= len - new_items.len;
}
}
/// Extend the slice by 1 element.
pub fn append(self: *Self, item: T) !void {
const new_item_ptr = try self.addOne();
new_item_ptr.* = item;
}
/// Remove the element at index `i`, shift elements after index
/// `i` forward, and return the removed element.
/// Asserts the slice has at least one item.
/// This operation is O(N).
pub fn orderedRemove(self: *Self, i: usize) T {
const newlen = self.len - 1;
if (newlen == i) return self.pop();
const old_item = self.get(i);
for (self.slice()[i..newlen]) |*b, j| b.* = self.get(i + 1 + j);
self.set(newlen, undefined);
self.len = newlen;
return old_item;
}
/// Remove the element at the specified index and return it.
/// The empty slot is filled from the end of the slice.
/// This operation is O(1).
pub fn swapRemove(self: *Self, i: usize) T {
if (self.len - 1 == i) return self.pop();
const old_item = self.get(i);
self.set(i, self.pop());
return old_item;
}
/// Append the slice of items to the slice.
pub fn appendSlice(self: *Self, items: []const T) !void {
try self.ensureUnusedCapacity(items.len);
self.appendSliceAssumeCapacity(items);
}
/// Append the slice of items to the slice, asserting the capacity is already
/// enough to store the new items.
pub fn appendSliceAssumeCapacity(self: *Self, items: []const T) void {
const oldlen = self.len;
self.len += items.len;
mem.copy(T, self.slice()[oldlen..], items);
}
/// Append a value to the slice `n` times.
/// Allocates more memory as necessary.
pub fn appendNTimes(self: *Self, value: T, n: usize) !void {
const old_len = self.len;
try self.resize(old_len + n);
mem.set(T, self.slice()[old_len..self.len], value);
}
/// Append a value to the slice `n` times.
/// Asserts the capacity is enough.
pub fn appendNTimesAssumeCapacity(self: *Self, value: T, n: usize) void {
const old_len = self.len;
self.len += n;
assert(self.len <= capacity);
mem.set(T, self.slice()[old_len..self.len], value);
}
};
}
test "BoundedArray" {
var a = try BoundedArray(u8, 64).init(32);
try testing.expectEqual(a.capacity(), 64);
try testing.expectEqual(a.slice().len, 32);
try testing.expectEqual(a.constSlice().len, 32);
try a.resize(48);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 48);
const x = [_]u8{1} ** 10;
a = try BoundedArray(u8, 64).fromSlice(&x);
try testing.expectEqualSlices(u8, &x, a.constSlice());
var a2 = a;
try testing.expectEqualSlices(u8, a.constSlice(), a.constSlice());
a2.set(0, 0);
try testing.expect(a.get(0) != a2.get(0));
try testing.expectError(error.Overflow, a.resize(100));
try testing.expectError(error.Overflow, BoundedArray(u8, x.len - 1).fromSlice(&x));
try a.resize(0);
try a.ensureUnusedCapacity(a.capacity());
(try a.addOne()).* = 0;
try a.ensureUnusedCapacity(a.capacity() - 1);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 1);
const uninitialized = try a.addManyAsArray(4);
try testing.expectEqual(uninitialized.len, 4);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 5);
try a.append(0xff);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 6);
try testing.expectEqual(a.pop(), 0xff);
try a.resize(1);
try testing.expectEqual(a.popOrNull(), 0);
try testing.expectEqual(a.popOrNull(), null);
var unused = a.unusedCapacitySlice();
mem.set(u8, unused[0..8], 2);
unused[8] = 3;
unused[9] = 4;
try testing.expectEqual(unused.len, a.capacity());
try a.resize(10);
try a.insert(5, 0xaa);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 11);
try testing.expectEqual(a.get(5), 0xaa);
try testing.expectEqual(a.get(9), 3);
try testing.expectEqual(a.get(10), 4);
try a.appendSlice(&x);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 11 + x.len);
try a.appendNTimes(0xbb, 5);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 11 + x.len + 5);
try testing.expectEqual(a.pop(), 0xbb);
a.appendNTimesAssumeCapacity(0xcc, 5);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 11 + x.len + 5 - 1 + 5);
try testing.expectEqual(a.pop(), 0xcc);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 29);
try a.replaceRange(1, 20, &x);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 29 + x.len - 20);
try a.insertSlice(0, &x);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 29 + x.len - 20 + x.len);
try a.replaceRange(1, 5, &x);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 29 + x.len - 20 + x.len + x.len - 5);
try a.append(10);
try testing.expectEqual(a.pop(), 10);
try a.append(20);
const removed = a.orderedRemove(5);
try testing.expectEqual(removed, 1);
try testing.expectEqual(a.len, 34);
a.set(0, 0xdd);
a.set(a.len - 1, 0xee);
const swapped = a.swapRemove(0);
try testing.expectEqual(swapped, 0xdd);
try testing.expectEqual(a.get(0), 0xee);
}