godot/scene/3d/skeleton.cpp

/*************************************************************************/
/*  skeleton.cpp                                                         */
/*************************************************************************/
/*                       This file is part of:                           */
/*                           GODOT ENGINE                                */
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/* Copyright (c) 2007-2020 Juan Linietsky, Ariel Manzur.                 */
/* Copyright (c) 2014-2020 Godot Engine contributors (cf. AUTHORS.md).   */
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#include "skeleton.h"

#include "core/engine.h"
#include "core/message_queue.h"
#include "core/project_settings.h"
#include "scene/3d/physics_body.h"
#include "scene/resources/surface_tool.h"

void SkinReference::_skin_changed() {
	if (skeleton_node) {
		skeleton_node->_make_dirty();
	}
	skeleton_version = 0;
}

void SkinReference::_bind_methods() {
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("_skin_changed"), &SkinReference::_skin_changed);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_skeleton"), &SkinReference::get_skeleton);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_skin"), &SkinReference::get_skin);
}

RID SkinReference::get_skeleton() const {
	return skeleton;
}

Ref<Skin> SkinReference::get_skin() const {
	return skin;
}

SkinReference::~SkinReference() {
	if (skeleton_node) {
		skeleton_node->skin_bindings.erase(this);
	}

	VS::get_singleton()->free(skeleton);
}

bool Skeleton::_set(const StringName &p_path, const Variant &p_value) {

	String path = p_path;

	if (!path.begins_with("bones/"))
		return false;

	int which = path.get_slicec('/', 1).to_int();
	String what = path.get_slicec('/', 2);

	if (which == bones.size() && what == "name") {

		add_bone(p_value);
		return true;
	}

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(which, bones.size(), false);

	if (what == "parent")
		set_bone_parent(which, p_value);
	else if (what == "rest")
		set_bone_rest(which, p_value);
	else if (what == "enabled")
		set_bone_enabled(which, p_value);
	else if (what == "pose")
		set_bone_pose(which, p_value);
	else if (what == "bound_children") {
		Array children = p_value;

		if (is_inside_tree()) {
			bones.write[which].nodes_bound.clear();

			for (int i = 0; i < children.size(); i++) {

				NodePath npath = children[i];
				ERR_CONTINUE(npath.operator String() == "");
				Node *node = get_node(npath);
				ERR_CONTINUE(!node);
				bind_child_node_to_bone(which, node);
			}
		}
	} else {
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}

bool Skeleton::_get(const StringName &p_path, Variant &r_ret) const {

	String path = p_path;

	if (!path.begins_with("bones/"))
		return false;

	int which = path.get_slicec('/', 1).to_int();
	String what = path.get_slicec('/', 2);

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(which, bones.size(), false);

	if (what == "name")
		r_ret = get_bone_name(which);
	else if (what == "parent")
		r_ret = get_bone_parent(which);
	else if (what == "rest")
		r_ret = get_bone_rest(which);
	else if (what == "enabled")
		r_ret = is_bone_enabled(which);
	else if (what == "pose")
		r_ret = get_bone_pose(which);
	else if (what == "bound_children") {
		Array children;

		for (const List<ObjectID>::Element *E = bones[which].nodes_bound.front(); E; E = E->next()) {

			Object *obj = ObjectDB::get_instance(E->get());
			ERR_CONTINUE(!obj);
			Node *node = Object::cast_to<Node>(obj);
			ERR_CONTINUE(!node);
			NodePath npath = get_path_to(node);
			children.push_back(npath);
		}

		r_ret = children;
	} else
		return false;

	return true;
}
void Skeleton::_get_property_list(List<PropertyInfo> *p_list) const {

	for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i++) {

		String prep = "bones/" + itos(i) + "/";
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::STRING, prep + "name"));
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, prep + "parent", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-1," + itos(bones.size() - 1) + ",1"));
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::TRANSFORM, prep + "rest"));
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, prep + "enabled"));
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::TRANSFORM, prep + "pose", PROPERTY_HINT_NONE, "", PROPERTY_USAGE_EDITOR));
		p_list->push_back(PropertyInfo(Variant::ARRAY, prep + "bound_children"));
	}
}

void Skeleton::_update_process_order() {

	if (!process_order_dirty)
		return;

	Bone *bonesptr = bones.ptrw();
	int len = bones.size();

	process_order.resize(len);
	int *order = process_order.ptrw();
	for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

		if (bonesptr[i].parent >= len) {
			//validate this just in case
			ERR_PRINT("Bone " + itos(i) + " has invalid parent: " + itos(bonesptr[i].parent));
			bonesptr[i].parent = -1;
		}
		order[i] = i;
		bonesptr[i].sort_index = i;
	}
	//now check process order
	int pass_count = 0;
	while (pass_count < len * len) {
		//using bubblesort because of simplicity, it won't run every frame though.
		//bublesort worst case is O(n^2), and this may be an infinite loop if cyclic
		bool swapped = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			int parent_idx = bonesptr[order[i]].parent;
			if (parent_idx < 0)
				continue; //do nothing because it has no parent
			//swap indices
			int parent_order = bonesptr[parent_idx].sort_index;
			if (parent_order > i) {
				bonesptr[order[i]].sort_index = parent_order;
				bonesptr[parent_idx].sort_index = i;
				//swap order
				SWAP(order[i], order[parent_order]);
				swapped = true;
			}
		}

		if (!swapped)
			break;
		pass_count++;
	}

	if (pass_count == len * len) {
		ERR_PRINT("Skeleton parenthood graph is cyclic");
	}

	process_order_dirty = false;
}

void Skeleton::_notification(int p_what) {

	switch (p_what) {

		case NOTIFICATION_UPDATE_SKELETON: {

			VisualServer *vs = VisualServer::get_singleton();
			Bone *bonesptr = bones.ptrw();
			int len = bones.size();

			_update_process_order();

			const int *order = process_order.ptr();

			for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {

				Bone &b = bonesptr[order[i]];

				if (b.global_pose_override_amount >= 0.999) {
					b.pose_global = b.global_pose_override;
				} else {
					if (b.disable_rest) {
						if (b.enabled) {

							Transform pose = b.pose;
							if (b.custom_pose_enable) {
								pose = b.custom_pose * pose;
							}
							if (b.parent >= 0) {

								b.pose_global = bonesptr[b.parent].pose_global * pose;
							} else {

								b.pose_global = pose;
							}
						} else {

							if (b.parent >= 0) {

								b.pose_global = bonesptr[b.parent].pose_global;
							} else {

								b.pose_global = Transform();
							}
						}

					} else {
						if (b.enabled) {

							Transform pose = b.pose;
							if (b.custom_pose_enable) {
								pose = b.custom_pose * pose;
							}
							if (b.parent >= 0) {

								b.pose_global = bonesptr[b.parent].pose_global * (b.rest * pose);
							} else {

								b.pose_global = b.rest * pose;
							}
						} else {

							if (b.parent >= 0) {

								b.pose_global = bonesptr[b.parent].pose_global * b.rest;
							} else {

								b.pose_global = b.rest;
							}
						}
					}

					if (b.global_pose_override_amount >= CMP_EPSILON) {
						b.pose_global = b.pose_global.interpolate_with(b.global_pose_override, b.global_pose_override_amount);
					}
				}

				if (b.global_pose_override_reset) {
					b.global_pose_override_amount = 0.0;
				}

				for (List<ObjectID>::Element *E = b.nodes_bound.front(); E; E = E->next()) {

					Object *obj = ObjectDB::get_instance(E->get());
					ERR_CONTINUE(!obj);
					Spatial *sp = Object::cast_to<Spatial>(obj);
					ERR_CONTINUE(!sp);
					sp->set_transform(b.pose_global);
				}
			}

			//update skins
			for (Set<SkinReference *>::Element *E = skin_bindings.front(); E; E = E->next()) {

				const Skin *skin = E->get()->skin.operator->();
				RID skeleton = E->get()->skeleton;
				uint32_t bind_count = skin->get_bind_count();

				if (E->get()->bind_count != bind_count) {
					VS::get_singleton()->skeleton_allocate(skeleton, bind_count);
					E->get()->bind_count = bind_count;
					E->get()->skin_bone_indices.resize(bind_count);
					E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs = E->get()->skin_bone_indices.ptrw();
				}

				if (E->get()->skeleton_version != version) {

					for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bind_count; i++) {
						StringName bind_name = skin->get_bind_name(i);

						if (bind_name != StringName()) {
							//bind name used, use this
							bool found = false;
							for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
								if (bonesptr[j].name == bind_name) {
									E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i] = j;
									found = true;
									break;
								}
							}

							if (!found) {
								ERR_PRINT("Skin bind #" + itos(i) + " contains named bind '" + String(bind_name) + "' but Skeleton has no bone by that name.");
								E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i] = 0;
							}
						} else if (skin->get_bind_bone(i) >= 0) {
							int bind_index = skin->get_bind_bone(i);
							if (bind_index >= len) {
								ERR_PRINT("Skin bind #" + itos(i) + " contains bone index bind: " + itos(bind_index) + " , which is greater than the skeleton bone count: " + itos(len) + ".");
								E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i] = 0;
							} else {
								E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i] = bind_index;
							}
						} else {
							ERR_PRINT("Skin bind #" + itos(i) + " does not contain a name nor a bone index.");
							E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i] = 0;
						}
					}

					E->get()->skeleton_version = version;
				}

				for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bind_count; i++) {
					uint32_t bone_index = E->get()->skin_bone_indices_ptrs[i];
					ERR_CONTINUE(bone_index >= (uint32_t)len);
					vs->skeleton_bone_set_transform(skeleton, i, bonesptr[bone_index].pose_global * skin->get_bind_pose(i));
				}
			}

			dirty = false;
		} break;

#ifndef _3D_DISABLED
		case NOTIFICATION_INTERNAL_PHYSICS_PROCESS: {
			// This is active only if the skeleton animates the physical bones
			// and the state of the bone is not active.
			if (animate_physical_bones) {
				for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i += 1) {
					if (bones[i].physical_bone) {
						if (bones[i].physical_bone->is_simulating_physics() == false) {
							bones[i].physical_bone->reset_to_rest_position();
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} break;
		case NOTIFICATION_READY: {
			if (Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint()) {
				set_physics_process_internal(true);
			}
		} break;
#endif
	}
}

void Skeleton::clear_bones_global_pose_override() {
	for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i += 1) {
		bones.write[i].global_pose_override_amount = 0;
	}
	_make_dirty();
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_global_pose_override(int p_bone, const Transform &p_pose, float p_amount, bool p_persistent) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	bones.write[p_bone].global_pose_override_amount = p_amount;
	bones.write[p_bone].global_pose_override = p_pose;
	bones.write[p_bone].global_pose_override_reset = !p_persistent;
	_make_dirty();
}

Transform Skeleton::get_bone_global_pose(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), Transform());
	if (dirty)
		const_cast<Skeleton *>(this)->notification(NOTIFICATION_UPDATE_SKELETON);
	return bones[p_bone].pose_global;
}

// skeleton creation api
void Skeleton::add_bone(const String &p_name) {

	ERR_FAIL_COND(p_name == "" || p_name.find(":") != -1 || p_name.find("/") != -1);

	for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i++) {

		ERR_FAIL_COND(bones[i].name == p_name);
	}

	Bone b;
	b.name = p_name;
	bones.push_back(b);
	process_order_dirty = true;
	version++;
	_make_dirty();
	update_gizmo();
}
int Skeleton::find_bone(const String &p_name) const {

	for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i++) {

		if (bones[i].name == p_name)
			return i;
	}

	return -1;
}
String Skeleton::get_bone_name(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), "");

	return bones[p_bone].name;
}

bool Skeleton::is_bone_parent_of(int p_bone, int p_parent_bone_id) const {

	int parent_of_bone = get_bone_parent(p_bone);

	if (-1 == parent_of_bone)
		return false;

	if (parent_of_bone == p_parent_bone_id)
		return true;

	return is_bone_parent_of(parent_of_bone, p_parent_bone_id);
}

int Skeleton::get_bone_count() const {

	return bones.size();
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_parent(int p_bone, int p_parent) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	ERR_FAIL_COND(p_parent != -1 && (p_parent < 0));

	bones.write[p_bone].parent = p_parent;
	process_order_dirty = true;
	_make_dirty();
}

void Skeleton::unparent_bone_and_rest(int p_bone) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	_update_process_order();

	int parent = bones[p_bone].parent;
	while (parent >= 0) {
		bones.write[p_bone].rest = bones[parent].rest * bones[p_bone].rest;
		parent = bones[parent].parent;
	}

	bones.write[p_bone].parent = -1;
	process_order_dirty = true;

	_make_dirty();
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_disable_rest(int p_bone, bool p_disable) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	bones.write[p_bone].disable_rest = p_disable;
}

bool Skeleton::is_bone_rest_disabled(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), false);
	return bones[p_bone].disable_rest;
}

int Skeleton::get_bone_parent(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), -1);

	return bones[p_bone].parent;
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_rest(int p_bone, const Transform &p_rest) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	bones.write[p_bone].rest = p_rest;
	_make_dirty();
}
Transform Skeleton::get_bone_rest(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), Transform());

	return bones[p_bone].rest;
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_enabled(int p_bone, bool p_enabled) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	bones.write[p_bone].enabled = p_enabled;
	_make_dirty();
}
bool Skeleton::is_bone_enabled(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), false);
	return bones[p_bone].enabled;
}

void Skeleton::bind_child_node_to_bone(int p_bone, Node *p_node) {

	ERR_FAIL_NULL(p_node);
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	ObjectID id = p_node->get_instance_id();

	for (const List<ObjectID>::Element *E = bones[p_bone].nodes_bound.front(); E; E = E->next()) {

		if (E->get() == id)
			return; // already here
	}

	bones.write[p_bone].nodes_bound.push_back(id);
}
void Skeleton::unbind_child_node_from_bone(int p_bone, Node *p_node) {

	ERR_FAIL_NULL(p_node);
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	ObjectID id = p_node->get_instance_id();
	bones.write[p_bone].nodes_bound.erase(id);
}
void Skeleton::get_bound_child_nodes_to_bone(int p_bone, List<Node *> *p_bound) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	for (const List<ObjectID>::Element *E = bones[p_bone].nodes_bound.front(); E; E = E->next()) {

		Object *obj = ObjectDB::get_instance(E->get());
		ERR_CONTINUE(!obj);
		p_bound->push_back(Object::cast_to<Node>(obj));
	}
}

void Skeleton::clear_bones() {

	bones.clear();
	process_order_dirty = true;
	version++;
	_make_dirty();
}

// posing api

void Skeleton::set_bone_pose(int p_bone, const Transform &p_pose) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());

	bones.write[p_bone].pose = p_pose;
	if (is_inside_tree()) {
		_make_dirty();
	}
}
Transform Skeleton::get_bone_pose(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), Transform());
	return bones[p_bone].pose;
}

void Skeleton::set_bone_custom_pose(int p_bone, const Transform &p_custom_pose) {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	//ERR_FAIL_COND( !is_inside_scene() );

	bones.write[p_bone].custom_pose_enable = (p_custom_pose != Transform());
	bones.write[p_bone].custom_pose = p_custom_pose;

	_make_dirty();
}

Transform Skeleton::get_bone_custom_pose(int p_bone) const {

	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), Transform());
	return bones[p_bone].custom_pose;
}

void Skeleton::_make_dirty() {

	if (dirty)
		return;

	MessageQueue::get_singleton()->push_notification(this, NOTIFICATION_UPDATE_SKELETON);
	dirty = true;
}

int Skeleton::get_process_order(int p_idx) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_idx, bones.size(), -1);
	_update_process_order();
	return process_order[p_idx];
}

void Skeleton::localize_rests() {

	_update_process_order();

	for (int i = bones.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		int idx = process_order[i];
		if (bones[idx].parent >= 0) {
			set_bone_rest(idx, bones[bones[idx].parent].rest.affine_inverse() * bones[idx].rest);
		}
	}
}

#ifndef _3D_DISABLED

void Skeleton::set_animate_physical_bones(bool p_animate) {
	animate_physical_bones = p_animate;

	if (Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint() == false) {
		bool sim = false;
		for (int i = 0; i < bones.size(); i += 1) {
			if (bones[i].physical_bone) {
				bones[i].physical_bone->reset_physics_simulation_state();
				if (bones[i].physical_bone->is_simulating_physics()) {
					sim = true;
				}
			}
		}
		set_physics_process_internal(sim == false && p_animate);
	}
}

bool Skeleton::get_animate_physical_bones() const {
	return animate_physical_bones;
}

void Skeleton::bind_physical_bone_to_bone(int p_bone, PhysicalBone *p_physical_bone) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	ERR_FAIL_COND(bones[p_bone].physical_bone);
	ERR_FAIL_COND(!p_physical_bone);
	bones.write[p_bone].physical_bone = p_physical_bone;

	_rebuild_physical_bones_cache();
}

void Skeleton::unbind_physical_bone_from_bone(int p_bone) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_bone, bones.size());
	bones.write[p_bone].physical_bone = NULL;

	_rebuild_physical_bones_cache();
}

PhysicalBone *Skeleton::get_physical_bone(int p_bone) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), NULL);

	return bones[p_bone].physical_bone;
}

PhysicalBone *Skeleton::get_physical_bone_parent(int p_bone) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), NULL);

	if (bones[p_bone].cache_parent_physical_bone) {
		return bones[p_bone].cache_parent_physical_bone;
	}

	return _get_physical_bone_parent(p_bone);
}

PhysicalBone *Skeleton::_get_physical_bone_parent(int p_bone) {
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_bone, bones.size(), NULL);

	const int parent_bone = bones[p_bone].parent;
	if (0 > parent_bone) {
		return NULL;
	}

	PhysicalBone *pb = bones[parent_bone].physical_bone;
	if (pb) {
		return pb;
	} else {
		return get_physical_bone_parent(parent_bone);
	}
}

void Skeleton::_rebuild_physical_bones_cache() {
	const int b_size = bones.size();
	for (int i = 0; i < b_size; ++i) {
		PhysicalBone *parent_pb = _get_physical_bone_parent(i);
		if (parent_pb != bones[i].physical_bone) {
			bones.write[i].cache_parent_physical_bone = parent_pb;
			if (bones[i].physical_bone)
				bones[i].physical_bone->_on_bone_parent_changed();
		}
	}
}

void _pb_stop_simulation(Node *p_node) {

	for (int i = p_node->get_child_count() - 1; 0 <= i; --i) {
		_pb_stop_simulation(p_node->get_child(i));
	}

	PhysicalBone *pb = Object::cast_to<PhysicalBone>(p_node);
	if (pb) {
		pb->set_simulate_physics(false);
	}
}

void Skeleton::physical_bones_stop_simulation() {
	_pb_stop_simulation(this);
	if (Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint() == false && animate_physical_bones) {
		set_physics_process_internal(true);
	}
}

void _pb_start_simulation(const Skeleton *p_skeleton, Node *p_node, const Vector<int> &p_sim_bones) {

	for (int i = p_node->get_child_count() - 1; 0 <= i; --i) {
		_pb_start_simulation(p_skeleton, p_node->get_child(i), p_sim_bones);
	}

	PhysicalBone *pb = Object::cast_to<PhysicalBone>(p_node);
	if (pb) {
		for (int i = p_sim_bones.size() - 1; 0 <= i; --i) {
			if (p_sim_bones[i] == pb->get_bone_id() || p_skeleton->is_bone_parent_of(pb->get_bone_id(), p_sim_bones[i])) {
				pb->set_simulate_physics(true);
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

void Skeleton::physical_bones_start_simulation_on(const Array &p_bones) {
	set_physics_process_internal(false);

	Vector<int> sim_bones;
	if (p_bones.size() <= 0) {
		sim_bones.push_back(0); // if no bones is specified, activate ragdoll on full body
	} else {
		sim_bones.resize(p_bones.size());
		int c = 0;
		for (int i = sim_bones.size() - 1; 0 <= i; --i) {
			Variant::Type type = p_bones.get(i).get_type();
			if (Variant::STRING == type || Variant::STRING_NAME == type) {
				int bone_id = find_bone(p_bones.get(i));
				if (bone_id != -1)
					sim_bones.write[c++] = bone_id;
			}
		}
		sim_bones.resize(c);
	}

	_pb_start_simulation(this, this, sim_bones);
}

void _physical_bones_add_remove_collision_exception(bool p_add, Node *p_node, RID p_exception) {

	for (int i = p_node->get_child_count() - 1; 0 <= i; --i) {
		_physical_bones_add_remove_collision_exception(p_add, p_node->get_child(i), p_exception);
	}

	CollisionObject *co = Object::cast_to<CollisionObject>(p_node);
	if (co) {
		if (p_add) {
			PhysicsServer::get_singleton()->body_add_collision_exception(co->get_rid(), p_exception);
		} else {
			PhysicsServer::get_singleton()->body_remove_collision_exception(co->get_rid(), p_exception);
		}
	}
}

void Skeleton::physical_bones_add_collision_exception(RID p_exception) {
	_physical_bones_add_remove_collision_exception(true, this, p_exception);
}

void Skeleton::physical_bones_remove_collision_exception(RID p_exception) {
	_physical_bones_add_remove_collision_exception(false, this, p_exception);
}

#endif // _3D_DISABLED

void Skeleton::_skin_changed() {
	_make_dirty();
}

Ref<SkinReference> Skeleton::register_skin(const Ref<Skin> &p_skin) {

	for (Set<SkinReference *>::Element *E = skin_bindings.front(); E; E = E->next()) {
		if (E->get()->skin == p_skin) {
			return Ref<SkinReference>(E->get());
		}
	}

	Ref<Skin> skin = p_skin;

	if (skin.is_null()) {
		//need to create one from existing code, this is for compatibility only
		//when skeletons did not support skins. It is also used by gizmo
		//to display the skeleton.

		skin.instance();
		skin->set_bind_count(bones.size());
		_update_process_order(); //just in case

		// pose changed, rebuild cache of inverses
		const Bone *bonesptr = bones.ptr();
		int len = bones.size();
		const int *order = process_order.ptr();

		// calculate global rests and invert them
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			const Bone &b = bonesptr[order[i]];
			if (b.parent >= 0) {
				skin->set_bind_pose(order[i], skin->get_bind_pose(b.parent) * b.rest);
			} else {
				skin->set_bind_pose(order[i], b.rest);
			}
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			//the inverse is what is actually required
			skin->set_bind_bone(i, i);
			skin->set_bind_pose(i, skin->get_bind_pose(i).affine_inverse());
		}
	}

	ERR_FAIL_COND_V(skin.is_null(), Ref<SkinReference>());

	Ref<SkinReference> skin_ref;
	skin_ref.instance();

	skin_ref->skeleton_node = this;
	skin_ref->bind_count = 0;
	skin_ref->skeleton = VisualServer::get_singleton()->skeleton_create();
	skin_ref->skeleton_node = this;
	skin_ref->skin = skin;

	skin_bindings.insert(skin_ref.operator->());

	skin->connect_compat("changed", skin_ref.operator->(), "_skin_changed");

	_make_dirty(); //skin needs to be updated, so update skeleton

	return skin_ref;
}

void Skeleton::_bind_methods() {

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("add_bone", "name"), &Skeleton::add_bone);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("find_bone", "name"), &Skeleton::find_bone);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_name", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_name);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_parent", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_parent);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_parent", "bone_idx", "parent_idx"), &Skeleton::set_bone_parent);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_count"), &Skeleton::get_bone_count);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("unparent_bone_and_rest", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::unparent_bone_and_rest);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_rest", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_rest);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_rest", "bone_idx", "rest"), &Skeleton::set_bone_rest);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("register_skin", "skin"), &Skeleton::register_skin);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("localize_rests"), &Skeleton::localize_rests);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_disable_rest", "bone_idx", "disable"), &Skeleton::set_bone_disable_rest);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_bone_rest_disabled", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::is_bone_rest_disabled);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("bind_child_node_to_bone", "bone_idx", "node"), &Skeleton::bind_child_node_to_bone);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("unbind_child_node_from_bone", "bone_idx", "node"), &Skeleton::unbind_child_node_from_bone);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bound_child_nodes_to_bone", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::_get_bound_child_nodes_to_bone);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("clear_bones"), &Skeleton::clear_bones);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_pose", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_pose);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_pose", "bone_idx", "pose"), &Skeleton::set_bone_pose);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("clear_bones_global_pose_override"), &Skeleton::clear_bones_global_pose_override);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_global_pose_override", "bone_idx", "pose", "amount", "persistent"), &Skeleton::set_bone_global_pose_override, DEFVAL(false));
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_global_pose", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_global_pose);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_bone_custom_pose", "bone_idx"), &Skeleton::get_bone_custom_pose);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_bone_custom_pose", "bone_idx", "custom_pose"), &Skeleton::set_bone_custom_pose);

#ifndef _3D_DISABLED

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_animate_physical_bones"), &Skeleton::set_animate_physical_bones);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_animate_physical_bones"), &Skeleton::get_animate_physical_bones);

	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("physical_bones_stop_simulation"), &Skeleton::physical_bones_stop_simulation);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("physical_bones_start_simulation", "bones"), &Skeleton::physical_bones_start_simulation_on, DEFVAL(Array()));
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("physical_bones_add_collision_exception", "exception"), &Skeleton::physical_bones_add_collision_exception);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("physical_bones_remove_collision_exception", "exception"), &Skeleton::physical_bones_remove_collision_exception);

	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "animate_physical_bones"), "set_animate_physical_bones", "get_animate_physical_bones");
#endif // _3D_DISABLED

	BIND_CONSTANT(NOTIFICATION_UPDATE_SKELETON);
}

Skeleton::Skeleton() {

	animate_physical_bones = true;
	dirty = false;
	version = 1;
	process_order_dirty = true;
}

Skeleton::~Skeleton() {

	//some skins may remain bound
	for (Set<SkinReference *>::Element *E = skin_bindings.front(); E; E = E->next()) {
		E->get()->skeleton_node = nullptr;
	}
}