linux/mm
Linus Torvalds b91e1302ad mm: optimize PageWaiters bit use for unlock_page()
In commit 6290602709 ("mm: add PageWaiters indicating tasks are
waiting for a page bit") Nick Piggin made our page locking no longer
unconditionally touch the hashed page waitqueue, which not only helps
performance in general, but is particularly helpful on NUMA machines
where the hashed wait queues can bounce around a lot.

However, the "clear lock bit atomically and then test the waiters bit"
sequence turns out to be much more expensive than it needs to be,
because you get a nasty stall when trying to access the same word that
just got updated atomically.

On architectures where locking is done with LL/SC, this would be trivial
to fix with a new primitive that clears one bit and tests another
atomically, but that ends up not working on x86, where the only atomic
operations that return the result end up being cmpxchg and xadd.  The
atomic bit operations return the old value of the same bit we changed,
not the value of an unrelated bit.

On x86, we could put the lock bit in the high bit of the byte, and use
"xadd" with that bit (where the overflow ends up not touching other
bits), and look at the other bits of the result.  However, an even
simpler model is to just use a regular atomic "and" to clear the lock
bit, and then the sign bit in eflags will indicate the resulting state
of the unrelated bit #7.

So by moving the PageWaiters bit up to bit #7, we can atomically clear
the lock bit and test the waiters bit on x86 too.  And architectures
with LL/SC (which is all the usual RISC suspects), the particular bit
doesn't matter, so they are fine with this approach too.

This avoids the extra access to the same atomic word, and thus avoids
the costly stall at page unlock time.

The only downside is that the interface ends up being a bit odd and
specialized: clear a bit in a byte, and test the sign bit.  Nick doesn't
love the resulting name of the new primitive, but I'd rather make the
name be descriptive and very clear about the limitation imposed by
trying to work across all relevant architectures than make it be some
generic thing that doesn't make the odd semantics explicit.

So this introduces the new architecture primitive

    clear_bit_unlock_is_negative_byte();

and adds the trivial implementation for x86.  We have a generic
non-optimized fallback (that just does a "clear_bit()"+"test_bit(7)"
combination) which can be overridden by any architecture that can do
better.  According to Nick, Power has the same hickup x86 has, for
example, but some other architectures may not even care.

All these optimizations mean that my page locking stress-test (which is
just executing a lot of small short-lived shell scripts: "make test" in
the git source tree) no longer makes our page locking look horribly bad.
Before all these optimizations, just the unlock_page() costs were just
over 3% of all CPU overhead on "make test".  After this, it's down to
0.66%, so just a quarter of the cost it used to be.

(The difference on NUMA is bigger, but there this micro-optimization is
likely less noticeable, since the big issue on NUMA was not the accesses
to 'struct page', but the waitqueue accesses that were already removed
by Nick's earlier commit).

Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-12-29 11:03:15 -08:00
..
kasan Power management material for v4.10-rc1 2016-12-13 10:41:53 -08:00
backing-dev.c writeback: track if we're sleeping on progress in balance_dirty_pages() 2016-11-08 08:28:55 -07:00
balloon_compaction.c mm: balloon: use general non-lru movable page feature 2016-07-26 16:19:19 -07:00
bootmem.c mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mapping 2016-10-11 15:06:33 -07:00
cleancache.c cleancache: constify cleancache_ops structure 2016-01-27 09:09:57 -05:00
cma_debug.c
cma.c mm/cma.c: check the max limit for cma allocation 2016-11-11 08:12:37 -08:00
cma.h
compaction.c mm, compaction: allow compaction for GFP_NOFS requests 2016-12-14 16:04:07 -08:00
debug_page_ref.c mm/page_ref: add tracepoint to track down page reference manipulation 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
debug.c mm, debug: print raw struct page data in __dump_page() 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
dmapool.c mm: convert printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to pr_<level> 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
early_ioremap.c
fadvise.c mm: fadvise: avoid expensive remote LRU cache draining after FADV_DONTNEED 2016-12-20 09:48:46 -08:00
failslab.c mm: fault-inject take over bootstrap kmem_cache check 2016-03-15 16:55:16 -07:00
filemap.c mm: optimize PageWaiters bit use for unlock_page() 2016-12-29 11:03:15 -08:00
frame_vector.c mm: replace get_vaddr_frames() write/force parameters with gup_flags 2016-10-19 08:11:24 -07:00
frontswap.c mm, frontswap: convert frontswap_enabled to static key 2016-07-26 16:19:19 -07:00
gup.c mm: unexport __get_user_pages_unlocked() 2016-12-14 16:04:09 -08:00
highmem.c mm/highmem: make nr_free_highpages() handles all highmem zones by itself 2016-05-19 19:12:14 -07:00
huge_memory.c mm: join struct fault_env and vm_fault 2016-12-14 16:04:09 -08:00
hugetlb_cgroup.c mm, hugetlb_cgroup: round limit_in_bytes down to hugepage size 2016-05-20 17:58:30 -07:00
hugetlb.c mm: add tlb_remove_check_page_size_change to track page size change 2016-12-12 18:55:07 -08:00
hwpoison-inject.c
init-mm.c mm: Add a user_ns owner to mm_struct and fix ptrace permission checks 2016-11-22 11:49:48 -06:00
internal.h mm: add PageWaiters indicating tasks are waiting for a page bit 2016-12-25 11:54:48 -08:00
interval_tree.c
Kconfig mm: THP page cache support for ppc64 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
Kconfig.debug PM / Hibernate: allow hibernation with PAGE_POISONING_ZERO 2016-09-13 02:35:27 +02:00
khugepaged.c radix-tree: improve multiorder iterators 2016-12-14 16:04:10 -08:00
kmemcheck.c mm: convert printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to pr_<level> 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
kmemleak-test.c mm: convert printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to pr_<level> 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
kmemleak.c kmemleak: fix reference to Documentation 2016-12-12 18:55:07 -08:00
ksm.c mm,ksm: add __GFP_HIGH to the allocation in alloc_stable_node() 2016-10-07 18:46:29 -07:00
list_lru.c mm/list_lru.c: avoid error-path NULL pointer deref 2016-10-27 18:43:42 -07:00
maccess.c x86: remove more uaccess_32.h complexity 2016-05-22 17:21:27 -07:00
madvise.c mm: add tlb_remove_check_page_size_change to track page size change 2016-12-12 18:55:07 -08:00
Makefile Disable the __builtin_return_address() warning globally after all 2016-10-12 10:23:41 -07:00
memblock.c mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mapping 2016-10-11 15:06:33 -07:00
memcontrol.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
memory_hotplug.c mm: remove x86-only restriction of movable_node 2016-12-12 18:55:07 -08:00
memory-failure.c mm: Use owner_priv bit for PageSwapCache, valid when PageSwapBacked 2016-12-25 11:54:48 -08:00
memory.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
mempolicy.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
mempool.c Revert "mm, mempool: only set __GFP_NOMEMALLOC if there are free elements" 2016-07-28 16:07:41 -07:00
memtest.c
migrate.c mm: Use owner_priv bit for PageSwapCache, valid when PageSwapBacked 2016-12-25 11:54:48 -08:00
mincore.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
mlock.c thp: fix corner case of munlock() of PTE-mapped THPs 2016-11-30 16:32:52 -08:00
mm_init.c mm: convert printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to pr_<level> 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
mmap.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
mmu_context.c mm/mmu_context, sched/core: Fix mmu_context.h assumption 2016-04-28 11:44:19 +02:00
mmu_notifier.c fix Christoph's email addresses 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
mmzone.c mm, page_alloc: inline the fast path of the zonelist iterator 2016-05-19 19:12:14 -07:00
mprotect.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
mremap.c mremap: move_ptes: check pte dirty after its removal 2016-11-29 08:20:24 -08:00
msync.c
nobootmem.c mm: kmemleak: avoid using __va() on addresses that don't have a lowmem mapping 2016-10-11 15:06:33 -07:00
nommu.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
oom_kill.c oom: print nodemask in the oom report 2016-10-07 18:46:29 -07:00
page_alloc.c mm: add support for releasing multiple instances of a page 2016-12-14 16:04:08 -08:00
page_counter.c mm: page_counter: let page_counter_try_charge() return bool 2015-11-05 19:34:48 -08:00
page_ext.c mm/page_ext: support extra space allocation by page_ext user 2016-10-07 18:46:27 -07:00
page_idle.c mm, vmscan: move lru_lock to the node 2016-07-28 16:07:41 -07:00
page_io.c writeback: add wbc_to_write_flags() 2016-11-02 10:24:03 -06:00
page_isolation.c mm/page_isolation: fix typo: "paes" -> "pages" 2016-10-07 18:46:29 -07:00
page_owner.c mm/page_owner: don't define fields on struct page_ext by hard-coding 2016-10-07 18:46:27 -07:00
page_poison.c mm: check the return value of lookup_page_ext for all call sites 2016-06-03 15:06:22 -07:00
page-writeback.c radix-tree: delete radix_tree_range_tag_if_tagged() 2016-12-14 16:04:10 -08:00
pagewalk.c thp: rename split_huge_page_pmd() to split_huge_pmd() 2016-01-15 17:56:32 -08:00
percpu-km.c mm: percpu: use pr_fmt to prefix output 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
percpu-vm.c
percpu.c Merge branch 'for-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu 2016-12-13 12:34:47 -08:00
pgtable-generic.c mm/thp/migration: switch from flush_tlb_range to flush_pmd_tlb_range 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
process_vm_access.c mm: unexport __get_user_pages_unlocked() 2016-12-14 16:04:09 -08:00
quicklist.c fix Christoph's email addresses 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
readahead.c mm: don't cap request size based on read-ahead setting 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
rmap.c mm, rmap: handle anon_vma_prepare() common case inline 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
shmem.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
slab_common.c mm/slab_common.c: check kmem_create_cache flags are common 2016-12-12 18:55:06 -08:00
slab.c Merge branch 'for-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq 2016-12-13 12:59:57 -08:00
slab.h mm, slab: maintain total slab count instead of active count 2016-12-12 18:55:07 -08:00
slob.c slub: move synchronize_sched out of slab_mutex on shrink 2016-12-12 18:55:06 -08:00
slub.c slub: avoid false-postive warning 2016-12-12 18:55:06 -08:00
sparse-vmemmap.c treewide: replace obsolete _refok by __ref 2016-08-02 17:31:41 -04:00
sparse.c treewide: replace obsolete _refok by __ref 2016-08-02 17:31:41 -04:00
swap_cgroup.c mm: convert printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to pr_<level> 2016-03-17 15:09:34 -07:00
swap_state.c mm, swap: use offset of swap entry as key of swap cache 2016-10-07 18:46:28 -07:00
swap.c mm: add PageWaiters indicating tasks are waiting for a page bit 2016-12-25 11:54:48 -08:00
swapfile.c mm: add three more cond_resched() in swapoff 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
truncate.c mm: workingset: move shadow entry tracking to radix tree exceptional tracking 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
usercopy.c mm: usercopy: Check for module addresses 2016-09-20 16:07:39 -07:00
userfaultfd.c mm, fs: get rid of PAGE_CACHE_* and page_cache_{get,release} macros 2016-04-04 10:41:08 -07:00
util.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
vmacache.c mm: unrig VMA cache hit ratio 2016-10-07 18:46:27 -07:00
vmalloc.c Replace <asm/uaccess.h> with <linux/uaccess.h> globally 2016-12-24 11:46:01 -08:00
vmpressure.c mm/vmpressure.c: fix subtree pressure detection 2016-02-03 08:28:43 -08:00
vmscan.c Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew) 2016-12-12 20:50:02 -08:00
vmstat.c mm/vmstat: Convert to hotplug state machine 2016-12-02 00:52:35 +01:00
workingset.c mm: workingset: update shadow limit to reflect bigger active list 2016-12-12 18:55:08 -08:00
z3fold.c mm/z3fold.c: avoid modifying HEADLESS page and minor cleanup 2016-06-03 16:02:55 -07:00
zbud.c mm/zbud.c: use list_last_entry() instead of list_tail_entry() 2016-01-15 11:40:52 -08:00
zpool.c mm: zsmalloc: constify struct zs_pool name 2015-11-06 17:50:42 -08:00
zsmalloc.c mm/zsmalloc: Convert to hotplug state machine 2016-12-02 00:52:36 +01:00
zswap.c mm/zswap: Convert pool to hotplug state machine 2016-12-02 00:52:36 +01:00