linux/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/intel_ringbuffer.c
Daniel Vetter 9edd576d89 Merge remote-tracking branch 'airlied/drm-fixes' into drm-intel-next-queued
Back-merge from drm-fixes into drm-intel-next to sort out two things:

- interlaced support: -fixes contains a bugfix to correctly clear
  interlaced configuration bits in case the bios sets up an interlaced
  mode and we want to set up the progressive mode (current kernels
  don't support interlaced). The actual feature work to support
  interlaced depends upon (and conflicts with) this bugfix.

- forcewake voodoo to workaround missed IRQ issues: -fixes only enabled
  this for ivybridge, but some recent bug reports indicate that we
  need this on Sandybridge, too. But in a slightly different flavour
  and with other fixes and reworks on top. Additionally there are some
  forcewake cleanup patches heading to -next that would conflict with
  currrent -fixes.

Signed-Off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
2012-02-10 17:14:49 +01:00

1515 lines
37 KiB
C

/*
* Copyright © 2008-2010 Intel Corporation
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
* paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
* Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
* IN THE SOFTWARE.
*
* Authors:
* Eric Anholt <eric@anholt.net>
* Zou Nan hai <nanhai.zou@intel.com>
* Xiang Hai hao<haihao.xiang@intel.com>
*
*/
#include "drmP.h"
#include "drm.h"
#include "i915_drv.h"
#include "i915_drm.h"
#include "i915_trace.h"
#include "intel_drv.h"
/*
* 965+ support PIPE_CONTROL commands, which provide finer grained control
* over cache flushing.
*/
struct pipe_control {
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
volatile u32 *cpu_page;
u32 gtt_offset;
};
static inline int ring_space(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
int space = (ring->head & HEAD_ADDR) - (ring->tail + 8);
if (space < 0)
space += ring->size;
return space;
}
static u32 i915_gem_get_seqno(struct drm_device *dev)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
u32 seqno;
seqno = dev_priv->next_seqno;
/* reserve 0 for non-seqno */
if (++dev_priv->next_seqno == 0)
dev_priv->next_seqno = 1;
return seqno;
}
static int
render_ring_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 invalidate_domains,
u32 flush_domains)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
u32 cmd;
int ret;
/*
* read/write caches:
*
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_RENDER is always invalidated, but is
* only flushed if MI_NO_WRITE_FLUSH is unset. On 965, it is
* also flushed at 2d versus 3d pipeline switches.
*
* read-only caches:
*
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_SAMPLER is flushed on pre-965 if
* MI_READ_FLUSH is set, and is always flushed on 965.
*
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_COMMAND may not exist?
*
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_INSTRUCTION, which exists on 965, is
* invalidated when MI_EXE_FLUSH is set.
*
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_VERTEX, which exists on 965, is
* invalidated with every MI_FLUSH.
*
* TLBs:
*
* On 965, TLBs associated with I915_GEM_DOMAIN_COMMAND
* and I915_GEM_DOMAIN_CPU in are invalidated at PTE write and
* I915_GEM_DOMAIN_RENDER and I915_GEM_DOMAIN_SAMPLER
* are flushed at any MI_FLUSH.
*/
cmd = MI_FLUSH | MI_NO_WRITE_FLUSH;
if ((invalidate_domains|flush_domains) &
I915_GEM_DOMAIN_RENDER)
cmd &= ~MI_NO_WRITE_FLUSH;
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen < 4) {
/*
* On the 965, the sampler cache always gets flushed
* and this bit is reserved.
*/
if (invalidate_domains & I915_GEM_DOMAIN_SAMPLER)
cmd |= MI_READ_FLUSH;
}
if (invalidate_domains & I915_GEM_DOMAIN_INSTRUCTION)
cmd |= MI_EXE_FLUSH;
if (invalidate_domains & I915_GEM_DOMAIN_COMMAND &&
(IS_G4X(dev) || IS_GEN5(dev)))
cmd |= MI_INVALIDATE_ISP;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 2);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, cmd);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
/**
* Emits a PIPE_CONTROL with a non-zero post-sync operation, for
* implementing two workarounds on gen6. From section 1.4.7.1
* "PIPE_CONTROL" of the Sandy Bridge PRM volume 2 part 1:
*
* [DevSNB-C+{W/A}] Before any depth stall flush (including those
* produced by non-pipelined state commands), software needs to first
* send a PIPE_CONTROL with no bits set except Post-Sync Operation !=
* 0.
*
* [Dev-SNB{W/A}]: Before a PIPE_CONTROL with Write Cache Flush Enable
* =1, a PIPE_CONTROL with any non-zero post-sync-op is required.
*
* And the workaround for these two requires this workaround first:
*
* [Dev-SNB{W/A}]: Pipe-control with CS-stall bit set must be sent
* BEFORE the pipe-control with a post-sync op and no write-cache
* flushes.
*
* And this last workaround is tricky because of the requirements on
* that bit. From section 1.4.7.2.3 "Stall" of the Sandy Bridge PRM
* volume 2 part 1:
*
* "1 of the following must also be set:
* - Render Target Cache Flush Enable ([12] of DW1)
* - Depth Cache Flush Enable ([0] of DW1)
* - Stall at Pixel Scoreboard ([1] of DW1)
* - Depth Stall ([13] of DW1)
* - Post-Sync Operation ([13] of DW1)
* - Notify Enable ([8] of DW1)"
*
* The cache flushes require the workaround flush that triggered this
* one, so we can't use it. Depth stall would trigger the same.
* Post-sync nonzero is what triggered this second workaround, so we
* can't use that one either. Notify enable is IRQs, which aren't
* really our business. That leaves only stall at scoreboard.
*/
static int
intel_emit_post_sync_nonzero_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct pipe_control *pc = ring->private;
u32 scratch_addr = pc->gtt_offset + 128;
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 6);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(5));
intel_ring_emit(ring, PIPE_CONTROL_CS_STALL |
PIPE_CONTROL_STALL_AT_SCOREBOARD);
intel_ring_emit(ring, scratch_addr | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT); /* address */
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0); /* low dword */
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0); /* high dword */
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 6);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(5));
intel_ring_emit(ring, PIPE_CONTROL_QW_WRITE);
intel_ring_emit(ring, scratch_addr | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT); /* address */
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static int
gen6_render_ring_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 invalidate_domains, u32 flush_domains)
{
u32 flags = 0;
struct pipe_control *pc = ring->private;
u32 scratch_addr = pc->gtt_offset + 128;
int ret;
/* Force SNB workarounds for PIPE_CONTROL flushes */
intel_emit_post_sync_nonzero_flush(ring);
/* Just flush everything. Experiments have shown that reducing the
* number of bits based on the write domains has little performance
* impact.
*/
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_RENDER_TARGET_CACHE_FLUSH;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_INSTRUCTION_CACHE_INVALIDATE;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_TEXTURE_CACHE_INVALIDATE;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_DEPTH_CACHE_FLUSH;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_VF_CACHE_INVALIDATE;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_CONST_CACHE_INVALIDATE;
flags |= PIPE_CONTROL_STATE_CACHE_INVALIDATE;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 6);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(5));
intel_ring_emit(ring, flags);
intel_ring_emit(ring, scratch_addr | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0); /* lower dword */
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0); /* uppwer dword */
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static void ring_write_tail(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 value)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
I915_WRITE_TAIL(ring, value);
}
u32 intel_ring_get_active_head(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
u32 acthd_reg = INTEL_INFO(ring->dev)->gen >= 4 ?
RING_ACTHD(ring->mmio_base) : ACTHD;
return I915_READ(acthd_reg);
}
static int init_ring_common(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj = ring->obj;
u32 head;
/* Stop the ring if it's running. */
I915_WRITE_CTL(ring, 0);
I915_WRITE_HEAD(ring, 0);
ring->write_tail(ring, 0);
/* Initialize the ring. */
I915_WRITE_START(ring, obj->gtt_offset);
head = I915_READ_HEAD(ring) & HEAD_ADDR;
/* G45 ring initialization fails to reset head to zero */
if (head != 0) {
DRM_DEBUG_KMS("%s head not reset to zero "
"ctl %08x head %08x tail %08x start %08x\n",
ring->name,
I915_READ_CTL(ring),
I915_READ_HEAD(ring),
I915_READ_TAIL(ring),
I915_READ_START(ring));
I915_WRITE_HEAD(ring, 0);
if (I915_READ_HEAD(ring) & HEAD_ADDR) {
DRM_ERROR("failed to set %s head to zero "
"ctl %08x head %08x tail %08x start %08x\n",
ring->name,
I915_READ_CTL(ring),
I915_READ_HEAD(ring),
I915_READ_TAIL(ring),
I915_READ_START(ring));
}
}
I915_WRITE_CTL(ring,
((ring->size - PAGE_SIZE) & RING_NR_PAGES)
| RING_REPORT_64K | RING_VALID);
/* If the head is still not zero, the ring is dead */
if ((I915_READ_CTL(ring) & RING_VALID) == 0 ||
I915_READ_START(ring) != obj->gtt_offset ||
(I915_READ_HEAD(ring) & HEAD_ADDR) != 0) {
DRM_ERROR("%s initialization failed "
"ctl %08x head %08x tail %08x start %08x\n",
ring->name,
I915_READ_CTL(ring),
I915_READ_HEAD(ring),
I915_READ_TAIL(ring),
I915_READ_START(ring));
return -EIO;
}
if (!drm_core_check_feature(ring->dev, DRIVER_MODESET))
i915_kernel_lost_context(ring->dev);
else {
ring->head = I915_READ_HEAD(ring);
ring->tail = I915_READ_TAIL(ring) & TAIL_ADDR;
ring->space = ring_space(ring);
}
return 0;
}
static int
init_pipe_control(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct pipe_control *pc;
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
int ret;
if (ring->private)
return 0;
pc = kmalloc(sizeof(*pc), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!pc)
return -ENOMEM;
obj = i915_gem_alloc_object(ring->dev, 4096);
if (obj == NULL) {
DRM_ERROR("Failed to allocate seqno page\n");
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err;
}
i915_gem_object_set_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_LLC);
ret = i915_gem_object_pin(obj, 4096, true);
if (ret)
goto err_unref;
pc->gtt_offset = obj->gtt_offset;
pc->cpu_page = kmap(obj->pages[0]);
if (pc->cpu_page == NULL)
goto err_unpin;
pc->obj = obj;
ring->private = pc;
return 0;
err_unpin:
i915_gem_object_unpin(obj);
err_unref:
drm_gem_object_unreference(&obj->base);
err:
kfree(pc);
return ret;
}
static void
cleanup_pipe_control(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct pipe_control *pc = ring->private;
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
if (!ring->private)
return;
obj = pc->obj;
kunmap(obj->pages[0]);
i915_gem_object_unpin(obj);
drm_gem_object_unreference(&obj->base);
kfree(pc);
ring->private = NULL;
}
static int init_render_ring(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
int ret = init_ring_common(ring);
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen > 3) {
int mode = VS_TIMER_DISPATCH << 16 | VS_TIMER_DISPATCH;
I915_WRITE(MI_MODE, mode);
if (IS_GEN7(dev))
I915_WRITE(GFX_MODE_GEN7,
GFX_MODE_DISABLE(GFX_TLB_INVALIDATE_ALWAYS) |
GFX_MODE_ENABLE(GFX_REPLAY_MODE));
}
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen >= 5) {
ret = init_pipe_control(ring);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen >= 6) {
I915_WRITE(INSTPM,
INSTPM_FORCE_ORDERING << 16 | INSTPM_FORCE_ORDERING);
}
return ret;
}
static void render_ring_cleanup(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
if (!ring->private)
return;
cleanup_pipe_control(ring);
}
static void
update_mboxes(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 seqno,
u32 mmio_offset)
{
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_SEMAPHORE_MBOX |
MI_SEMAPHORE_GLOBAL_GTT |
MI_SEMAPHORE_REGISTER |
MI_SEMAPHORE_UPDATE);
intel_ring_emit(ring, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, mmio_offset);
}
/**
* gen6_add_request - Update the semaphore mailbox registers
*
* @ring - ring that is adding a request
* @seqno - return seqno stuck into the ring
*
* Update the mailbox registers in the *other* rings with the current seqno.
* This acts like a signal in the canonical semaphore.
*/
static int
gen6_add_request(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 *seqno)
{
u32 mbox1_reg;
u32 mbox2_reg;
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 10);
if (ret)
return ret;
mbox1_reg = ring->signal_mbox[0];
mbox2_reg = ring->signal_mbox[1];
*seqno = i915_gem_get_seqno(ring->dev);
update_mboxes(ring, *seqno, mbox1_reg);
update_mboxes(ring, *seqno, mbox2_reg);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX);
intel_ring_emit(ring, I915_GEM_HWS_INDEX << MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX_SHIFT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, *seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_USER_INTERRUPT);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
/**
* intel_ring_sync - sync the waiter to the signaller on seqno
*
* @waiter - ring that is waiting
* @signaller - ring which has, or will signal
* @seqno - seqno which the waiter will block on
*/
static int
intel_ring_sync(struct intel_ring_buffer *waiter,
struct intel_ring_buffer *signaller,
int ring,
u32 seqno)
{
int ret;
u32 dw1 = MI_SEMAPHORE_MBOX |
MI_SEMAPHORE_COMPARE |
MI_SEMAPHORE_REGISTER;
ret = intel_ring_begin(waiter, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(waiter, dw1 | signaller->semaphore_register[ring]);
intel_ring_emit(waiter, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(waiter, 0);
intel_ring_emit(waiter, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(waiter);
return 0;
}
/* VCS->RCS (RVSYNC) or BCS->RCS (RBSYNC) */
int
render_ring_sync_to(struct intel_ring_buffer *waiter,
struct intel_ring_buffer *signaller,
u32 seqno)
{
WARN_ON(signaller->semaphore_register[RCS] == MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID);
return intel_ring_sync(waiter,
signaller,
RCS,
seqno);
}
/* RCS->VCS (VRSYNC) or BCS->VCS (VBSYNC) */
int
gen6_bsd_ring_sync_to(struct intel_ring_buffer *waiter,
struct intel_ring_buffer *signaller,
u32 seqno)
{
WARN_ON(signaller->semaphore_register[VCS] == MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID);
return intel_ring_sync(waiter,
signaller,
VCS,
seqno);
}
/* RCS->BCS (BRSYNC) or VCS->BCS (BVSYNC) */
int
gen6_blt_ring_sync_to(struct intel_ring_buffer *waiter,
struct intel_ring_buffer *signaller,
u32 seqno)
{
WARN_ON(signaller->semaphore_register[BCS] == MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID);
return intel_ring_sync(waiter,
signaller,
BCS,
seqno);
}
#define PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring__, addr__) \
do { \
intel_ring_emit(ring__, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(4) | PIPE_CONTROL_QW_WRITE | \
PIPE_CONTROL_DEPTH_STALL); \
intel_ring_emit(ring__, (addr__) | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT); \
intel_ring_emit(ring__, 0); \
intel_ring_emit(ring__, 0); \
} while (0)
static int
pc_render_add_request(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 *result)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
u32 seqno = i915_gem_get_seqno(dev);
struct pipe_control *pc = ring->private;
u32 scratch_addr = pc->gtt_offset + 128;
int ret;
/* For Ironlake, MI_USER_INTERRUPT was deprecated and apparently
* incoherent with writes to memory, i.e. completely fubar,
* so we need to use PIPE_NOTIFY instead.
*
* However, we also need to workaround the qword write
* incoherence by flushing the 6 PIPE_NOTIFY buffers out to
* memory before requesting an interrupt.
*/
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 32);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(4) | PIPE_CONTROL_QW_WRITE |
PIPE_CONTROL_WRITE_FLUSH |
PIPE_CONTROL_TEXTURE_CACHE_INVALIDATE);
intel_ring_emit(ring, pc->gtt_offset | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
scratch_addr += 128; /* write to separate cachelines */
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
scratch_addr += 128;
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
scratch_addr += 128;
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
scratch_addr += 128;
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
scratch_addr += 128;
PIPE_CONTROL_FLUSH(ring, scratch_addr);
intel_ring_emit(ring, GFX_OP_PIPE_CONTROL(4) | PIPE_CONTROL_QW_WRITE |
PIPE_CONTROL_WRITE_FLUSH |
PIPE_CONTROL_TEXTURE_CACHE_INVALIDATE |
PIPE_CONTROL_NOTIFY);
intel_ring_emit(ring, pc->gtt_offset | PIPE_CONTROL_GLOBAL_GTT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
*result = seqno;
return 0;
}
static int
render_ring_add_request(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 *result)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
u32 seqno = i915_gem_get_seqno(dev);
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX);
intel_ring_emit(ring, I915_GEM_HWS_INDEX << MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX_SHIFT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_USER_INTERRUPT);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
*result = seqno;
return 0;
}
static u32
gen6_ring_get_seqno(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
/* Workaround to force correct ordering between irq and seqno writes on
* ivb (and maybe also on snb) by reading from a CS register (like
* ACTHD) before reading the status page. */
if (IS_GEN7(dev))
intel_ring_get_active_head(ring);
return intel_read_status_page(ring, I915_GEM_HWS_INDEX);
}
static u32
ring_get_seqno(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return intel_read_status_page(ring, I915_GEM_HWS_INDEX);
}
static u32
pc_render_get_seqno(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct pipe_control *pc = ring->private;
return pc->cpu_page[0];
}
static void
ironlake_enable_irq(drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv, u32 mask)
{
dev_priv->gt_irq_mask &= ~mask;
I915_WRITE(GTIMR, dev_priv->gt_irq_mask);
POSTING_READ(GTIMR);
}
static void
ironlake_disable_irq(drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv, u32 mask)
{
dev_priv->gt_irq_mask |= mask;
I915_WRITE(GTIMR, dev_priv->gt_irq_mask);
POSTING_READ(GTIMR);
}
static void
i915_enable_irq(drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv, u32 mask)
{
dev_priv->irq_mask &= ~mask;
I915_WRITE(IMR, dev_priv->irq_mask);
POSTING_READ(IMR);
}
static void
i915_disable_irq(drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv, u32 mask)
{
dev_priv->irq_mask |= mask;
I915_WRITE(IMR, dev_priv->irq_mask);
POSTING_READ(IMR);
}
static bool
render_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
if (!dev->irq_enabled)
return false;
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (ring->irq_refcount++ == 0) {
if (HAS_PCH_SPLIT(dev))
ironlake_enable_irq(dev_priv,
GT_PIPE_NOTIFY | GT_USER_INTERRUPT);
else
i915_enable_irq(dev_priv, I915_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
return true;
}
static void
render_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (--ring->irq_refcount == 0) {
if (HAS_PCH_SPLIT(dev))
ironlake_disable_irq(dev_priv,
GT_USER_INTERRUPT |
GT_PIPE_NOTIFY);
else
i915_disable_irq(dev_priv, I915_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
}
void intel_ring_setup_status_page(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
u32 mmio = 0;
/* The ring status page addresses are no longer next to the rest of
* the ring registers as of gen7.
*/
if (IS_GEN7(dev)) {
switch (ring->id) {
case RCS:
mmio = RENDER_HWS_PGA_GEN7;
break;
case BCS:
mmio = BLT_HWS_PGA_GEN7;
break;
case VCS:
mmio = BSD_HWS_PGA_GEN7;
break;
}
} else if (IS_GEN6(ring->dev)) {
mmio = RING_HWS_PGA_GEN6(ring->mmio_base);
} else {
mmio = RING_HWS_PGA(ring->mmio_base);
}
I915_WRITE(mmio, (u32)ring->status_page.gfx_addr);
POSTING_READ(mmio);
}
static int
bsd_ring_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 invalidate_domains,
u32 flush_domains)
{
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 2);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_FLUSH);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static int
ring_add_request(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 *result)
{
u32 seqno;
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
seqno = i915_gem_get_seqno(ring->dev);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX);
intel_ring_emit(ring, I915_GEM_HWS_INDEX << MI_STORE_DWORD_INDEX_SHIFT);
intel_ring_emit(ring, seqno);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_USER_INTERRUPT);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
*result = seqno;
return 0;
}
static bool
gen6_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring, u32 gflag, u32 rflag)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
if (!dev->irq_enabled)
return false;
/* It looks like we need to prevent the gt from suspending while waiting
* for an notifiy irq, otherwise irqs seem to get lost on at least the
* blt/bsd rings on ivb. */
if (IS_GEN7(dev))
gen6_gt_force_wake_get(dev_priv);
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (ring->irq_refcount++ == 0) {
ring->irq_mask &= ~rflag;
I915_WRITE_IMR(ring, ring->irq_mask);
ironlake_enable_irq(dev_priv, gflag);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
return true;
}
static void
gen6_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring, u32 gflag, u32 rflag)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (--ring->irq_refcount == 0) {
ring->irq_mask |= rflag;
I915_WRITE_IMR(ring, ring->irq_mask);
ironlake_disable_irq(dev_priv, gflag);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (IS_GEN7(dev))
gen6_gt_force_wake_put(dev_priv);
}
static bool
bsd_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
if (!dev->irq_enabled)
return false;
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (ring->irq_refcount++ == 0) {
if (IS_G4X(dev))
i915_enable_irq(dev_priv, I915_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
else
ironlake_enable_irq(dev_priv, GT_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
return true;
}
static void
bsd_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
spin_lock(&ring->irq_lock);
if (--ring->irq_refcount == 0) {
if (IS_G4X(dev))
i915_disable_irq(dev_priv, I915_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
else
ironlake_disable_irq(dev_priv, GT_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
spin_unlock(&ring->irq_lock);
}
static int
ring_dispatch_execbuffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring, u32 offset, u32 length)
{
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 2);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring,
MI_BATCH_BUFFER_START | (2 << 6) |
MI_BATCH_NON_SECURE_I965);
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static int
render_ring_dispatch_execbuffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 offset, u32 len)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
int ret;
if (IS_I830(dev) || IS_845G(dev)) {
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_BATCH_BUFFER);
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset | MI_BATCH_NON_SECURE);
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset + len - 8);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
} else {
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 2);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen >= 4) {
intel_ring_emit(ring,
MI_BATCH_BUFFER_START | (2 << 6) |
MI_BATCH_NON_SECURE_I965);
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset);
} else {
intel_ring_emit(ring,
MI_BATCH_BUFFER_START | (2 << 6));
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset | MI_BATCH_NON_SECURE);
}
}
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static void cleanup_status_page(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
obj = ring->status_page.obj;
if (obj == NULL)
return;
kunmap(obj->pages[0]);
i915_gem_object_unpin(obj);
drm_gem_object_unreference(&obj->base);
ring->status_page.obj = NULL;
memset(&dev_priv->hws_map, 0, sizeof(dev_priv->hws_map));
}
static int init_status_page(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
int ret;
obj = i915_gem_alloc_object(dev, 4096);
if (obj == NULL) {
DRM_ERROR("Failed to allocate status page\n");
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err;
}
i915_gem_object_set_cache_level(obj, I915_CACHE_LLC);
ret = i915_gem_object_pin(obj, 4096, true);
if (ret != 0) {
goto err_unref;
}
ring->status_page.gfx_addr = obj->gtt_offset;
ring->status_page.page_addr = kmap(obj->pages[0]);
if (ring->status_page.page_addr == NULL) {
memset(&dev_priv->hws_map, 0, sizeof(dev_priv->hws_map));
goto err_unpin;
}
ring->status_page.obj = obj;
memset(ring->status_page.page_addr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
intel_ring_setup_status_page(ring);
DRM_DEBUG_DRIVER("%s hws offset: 0x%08x\n",
ring->name, ring->status_page.gfx_addr);
return 0;
err_unpin:
i915_gem_object_unpin(obj);
err_unref:
drm_gem_object_unreference(&obj->base);
err:
return ret;
}
int intel_init_ring_buffer(struct drm_device *dev,
struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_i915_gem_object *obj;
int ret;
ring->dev = dev;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->active_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->request_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->gpu_write_list);
init_waitqueue_head(&ring->irq_queue);
spin_lock_init(&ring->irq_lock);
ring->irq_mask = ~0;
if (I915_NEED_GFX_HWS(dev)) {
ret = init_status_page(ring);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
obj = i915_gem_alloc_object(dev, ring->size);
if (obj == NULL) {
DRM_ERROR("Failed to allocate ringbuffer\n");
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto err_hws;
}
ring->obj = obj;
ret = i915_gem_object_pin(obj, PAGE_SIZE, true);
if (ret)
goto err_unref;
ring->map.size = ring->size;
ring->map.offset = dev->agp->base + obj->gtt_offset;
ring->map.type = 0;
ring->map.flags = 0;
ring->map.mtrr = 0;
drm_core_ioremap_wc(&ring->map, dev);
if (ring->map.handle == NULL) {
DRM_ERROR("Failed to map ringbuffer.\n");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto err_unpin;
}
ring->virtual_start = ring->map.handle;
ret = ring->init(ring);
if (ret)
goto err_unmap;
/* Workaround an erratum on the i830 which causes a hang if
* the TAIL pointer points to within the last 2 cachelines
* of the buffer.
*/
ring->effective_size = ring->size;
if (IS_I830(ring->dev))
ring->effective_size -= 128;
return 0;
err_unmap:
drm_core_ioremapfree(&ring->map, dev);
err_unpin:
i915_gem_object_unpin(obj);
err_unref:
drm_gem_object_unreference(&obj->base);
ring->obj = NULL;
err_hws:
cleanup_status_page(ring);
return ret;
}
void intel_cleanup_ring_buffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv;
int ret;
if (ring->obj == NULL)
return;
/* Disable the ring buffer. The ring must be idle at this point */
dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
ret = intel_wait_ring_idle(ring);
if (ret)
DRM_ERROR("failed to quiesce %s whilst cleaning up: %d\n",
ring->name, ret);
I915_WRITE_CTL(ring, 0);
drm_core_ioremapfree(&ring->map, ring->dev);
i915_gem_object_unpin(ring->obj);
drm_gem_object_unreference(&ring->obj->base);
ring->obj = NULL;
if (ring->cleanup)
ring->cleanup(ring);
cleanup_status_page(ring);
}
static int intel_wrap_ring_buffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
unsigned int *virt;
int rem = ring->size - ring->tail;
if (ring->space < rem) {
int ret = intel_wait_ring_buffer(ring, rem);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
virt = (unsigned int *)(ring->virtual_start + ring->tail);
rem /= 8;
while (rem--) {
*virt++ = MI_NOOP;
*virt++ = MI_NOOP;
}
ring->tail = 0;
ring->space = ring_space(ring);
return 0;
}
int intel_wait_ring_buffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring, int n)
{
struct drm_device *dev = ring->dev;
struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
unsigned long end;
u32 head;
/* If the reported head position has wrapped or hasn't advanced,
* fallback to the slow and accurate path.
*/
head = intel_read_status_page(ring, 4);
if (head > ring->head) {
ring->head = head;
ring->space = ring_space(ring);
if (ring->space >= n)
return 0;
}
trace_i915_ring_wait_begin(ring);
if (drm_core_check_feature(dev, DRIVER_GEM))
/* With GEM the hangcheck timer should kick us out of the loop,
* leaving it early runs the risk of corrupting GEM state (due
* to running on almost untested codepaths). But on resume
* timers don't work yet, so prevent a complete hang in that
* case by choosing an insanely large timeout. */
end = jiffies + 60 * HZ;
else
end = jiffies + 3 * HZ;
do {
ring->head = I915_READ_HEAD(ring);
ring->space = ring_space(ring);
if (ring->space >= n) {
trace_i915_ring_wait_end(ring);
return 0;
}
if (dev->primary->master) {
struct drm_i915_master_private *master_priv = dev->primary->master->driver_priv;
if (master_priv->sarea_priv)
master_priv->sarea_priv->perf_boxes |= I915_BOX_WAIT;
}
msleep(1);
if (atomic_read(&dev_priv->mm.wedged))
return -EAGAIN;
} while (!time_after(jiffies, end));
trace_i915_ring_wait_end(ring);
return -EBUSY;
}
int intel_ring_begin(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
int num_dwords)
{
struct drm_i915_private *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
int n = 4*num_dwords;
int ret;
if (unlikely(atomic_read(&dev_priv->mm.wedged)))
return -EIO;
if (unlikely(ring->tail + n > ring->effective_size)) {
ret = intel_wrap_ring_buffer(ring);
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
}
if (unlikely(ring->space < n)) {
ret = intel_wait_ring_buffer(ring, n);
if (unlikely(ret))
return ret;
}
ring->space -= n;
return 0;
}
void intel_ring_advance(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
ring->tail &= ring->size - 1;
ring->write_tail(ring, ring->tail);
}
static const struct intel_ring_buffer render_ring = {
.name = "render ring",
.id = RCS,
.mmio_base = RENDER_RING_BASE,
.size = 32 * PAGE_SIZE,
.init = init_render_ring,
.write_tail = ring_write_tail,
.flush = render_ring_flush,
.add_request = render_ring_add_request,
.get_seqno = ring_get_seqno,
.irq_get = render_ring_get_irq,
.irq_put = render_ring_put_irq,
.dispatch_execbuffer = render_ring_dispatch_execbuffer,
.cleanup = render_ring_cleanup,
.sync_to = render_ring_sync_to,
.semaphore_register = {MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_RV,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_RB},
.signal_mbox = {GEN6_VRSYNC, GEN6_BRSYNC},
};
/* ring buffer for bit-stream decoder */
static const struct intel_ring_buffer bsd_ring = {
.name = "bsd ring",
.id = VCS,
.mmio_base = BSD_RING_BASE,
.size = 32 * PAGE_SIZE,
.init = init_ring_common,
.write_tail = ring_write_tail,
.flush = bsd_ring_flush,
.add_request = ring_add_request,
.get_seqno = ring_get_seqno,
.irq_get = bsd_ring_get_irq,
.irq_put = bsd_ring_put_irq,
.dispatch_execbuffer = ring_dispatch_execbuffer,
};
static void gen6_bsd_ring_write_tail(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 value)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = ring->dev->dev_private;
/* Every tail move must follow the sequence below */
I915_WRITE(GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL,
GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL_RC_ILDL_MESSAGE_MODIFY_MASK |
GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL_RC_ILDL_MESSAGE_DISABLE);
I915_WRITE(GEN6_BSD_RNCID, 0x0);
if (wait_for((I915_READ(GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL) &
GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL_IDLE_INDICATOR) == 0,
50))
DRM_ERROR("timed out waiting for IDLE Indicator\n");
I915_WRITE_TAIL(ring, value);
I915_WRITE(GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL,
GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL_RC_ILDL_MESSAGE_MODIFY_MASK |
GEN6_BSD_SLEEP_PSMI_CONTROL_RC_ILDL_MESSAGE_ENABLE);
}
static int gen6_ring_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 invalidate, u32 flush)
{
uint32_t cmd;
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
cmd = MI_FLUSH_DW;
if (invalidate & I915_GEM_GPU_DOMAINS)
cmd |= MI_INVALIDATE_TLB | MI_INVALIDATE_BSD;
intel_ring_emit(ring, cmd);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static int
gen6_ring_dispatch_execbuffer(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 offset, u32 len)
{
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 2);
if (ret)
return ret;
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_BATCH_BUFFER_START | MI_BATCH_NON_SECURE_I965);
/* bit0-7 is the length on GEN6+ */
intel_ring_emit(ring, offset);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static bool
gen6_render_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return gen6_ring_get_irq(ring,
GT_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_RENDER_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
static void
gen6_render_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return gen6_ring_put_irq(ring,
GT_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_RENDER_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
static bool
gen6_bsd_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return gen6_ring_get_irq(ring,
GT_GEN6_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
static void
gen6_bsd_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return gen6_ring_put_irq(ring,
GT_GEN6_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_BSD_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
/* ring buffer for Video Codec for Gen6+ */
static const struct intel_ring_buffer gen6_bsd_ring = {
.name = "gen6 bsd ring",
.id = VCS,
.mmio_base = GEN6_BSD_RING_BASE,
.size = 32 * PAGE_SIZE,
.init = init_ring_common,
.write_tail = gen6_bsd_ring_write_tail,
.flush = gen6_ring_flush,
.add_request = gen6_add_request,
.get_seqno = gen6_ring_get_seqno,
.irq_get = gen6_bsd_ring_get_irq,
.irq_put = gen6_bsd_ring_put_irq,
.dispatch_execbuffer = gen6_ring_dispatch_execbuffer,
.sync_to = gen6_bsd_ring_sync_to,
.semaphore_register = {MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_VR,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_VB},
.signal_mbox = {GEN6_RVSYNC, GEN6_BVSYNC},
};
/* Blitter support (SandyBridge+) */
static bool
blt_ring_get_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
return gen6_ring_get_irq(ring,
GT_BLT_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_BLITTER_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
static void
blt_ring_put_irq(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring)
{
gen6_ring_put_irq(ring,
GT_BLT_USER_INTERRUPT,
GEN6_BLITTER_USER_INTERRUPT);
}
static int blt_ring_flush(struct intel_ring_buffer *ring,
u32 invalidate, u32 flush)
{
uint32_t cmd;
int ret;
ret = intel_ring_begin(ring, 4);
if (ret)
return ret;
cmd = MI_FLUSH_DW;
if (invalidate & I915_GEM_DOMAIN_RENDER)
cmd |= MI_INVALIDATE_TLB;
intel_ring_emit(ring, cmd);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, 0);
intel_ring_emit(ring, MI_NOOP);
intel_ring_advance(ring);
return 0;
}
static const struct intel_ring_buffer gen6_blt_ring = {
.name = "blt ring",
.id = BCS,
.mmio_base = BLT_RING_BASE,
.size = 32 * PAGE_SIZE,
.init = init_ring_common,
.write_tail = ring_write_tail,
.flush = blt_ring_flush,
.add_request = gen6_add_request,
.get_seqno = gen6_ring_get_seqno,
.irq_get = blt_ring_get_irq,
.irq_put = blt_ring_put_irq,
.dispatch_execbuffer = gen6_ring_dispatch_execbuffer,
.sync_to = gen6_blt_ring_sync_to,
.semaphore_register = {MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_BR,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_BV,
MI_SEMAPHORE_SYNC_INVALID},
.signal_mbox = {GEN6_RBSYNC, GEN6_VBSYNC},
};
int intel_init_render_ring_buffer(struct drm_device *dev)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
struct intel_ring_buffer *ring = &dev_priv->ring[RCS];
*ring = render_ring;
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen >= 6) {
ring->add_request = gen6_add_request;
ring->flush = gen6_render_ring_flush;
ring->irq_get = gen6_render_ring_get_irq;
ring->irq_put = gen6_render_ring_put_irq;
ring->get_seqno = gen6_ring_get_seqno;
} else if (IS_GEN5(dev)) {
ring->add_request = pc_render_add_request;
ring->get_seqno = pc_render_get_seqno;
}
if (!I915_NEED_GFX_HWS(dev)) {
ring->status_page.page_addr = dev_priv->status_page_dmah->vaddr;
memset(ring->status_page.page_addr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
}
return intel_init_ring_buffer(dev, ring);
}
int intel_render_ring_init_dri(struct drm_device *dev, u64 start, u32 size)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
struct intel_ring_buffer *ring = &dev_priv->ring[RCS];
*ring = render_ring;
if (INTEL_INFO(dev)->gen >= 6) {
ring->add_request = gen6_add_request;
ring->irq_get = gen6_render_ring_get_irq;
ring->irq_put = gen6_render_ring_put_irq;
} else if (IS_GEN5(dev)) {
ring->add_request = pc_render_add_request;
ring->get_seqno = pc_render_get_seqno;
}
if (!I915_NEED_GFX_HWS(dev))
ring->status_page.page_addr = dev_priv->status_page_dmah->vaddr;
ring->dev = dev;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->active_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->request_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ring->gpu_write_list);
ring->size = size;
ring->effective_size = ring->size;
if (IS_I830(ring->dev))
ring->effective_size -= 128;
ring->map.offset = start;
ring->map.size = size;
ring->map.type = 0;
ring->map.flags = 0;
ring->map.mtrr = 0;
drm_core_ioremap_wc(&ring->map, dev);
if (ring->map.handle == NULL) {
DRM_ERROR("can not ioremap virtual address for"
" ring buffer\n");
return -ENOMEM;
}
ring->virtual_start = (void __force __iomem *)ring->map.handle;
return 0;
}
int intel_init_bsd_ring_buffer(struct drm_device *dev)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
struct intel_ring_buffer *ring = &dev_priv->ring[VCS];
if (IS_GEN6(dev) || IS_GEN7(dev))
*ring = gen6_bsd_ring;
else
*ring = bsd_ring;
return intel_init_ring_buffer(dev, ring);
}
int intel_init_blt_ring_buffer(struct drm_device *dev)
{
drm_i915_private_t *dev_priv = dev->dev_private;
struct intel_ring_buffer *ring = &dev_priv->ring[BCS];
*ring = gen6_blt_ring;
return intel_init_ring_buffer(dev, ring);
}