linux/kernel/cgroup_pids.c
Tejun Heo 67cde9c493 cgroup_pids: don't account for the root cgroup
Because accounting resources for the root cgroup sometimes incurs
measureable overhead for workloads which don't care about cgroup and
often ends up calculating a number which is available elsewhere in a
slightly different form, cgroup is not in the business of providing
system-wide statistics.  The pids controller which was introduced
recently was exposing "pids.current" at the root.  This patch disable
accounting for root cgroup and removes the file from the root
directory.

While this is a userland visible behavior change, pids has been
available only in one version and was badly broken there, so I don't
think this will be noticeable.  If it turns out to be a problem, we
can reinstate it for v1 hierarchies.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
2015-12-03 10:18:21 -05:00

317 lines
8.1 KiB
C

/*
* Process number limiting controller for cgroups.
*
* Used to allow a cgroup hierarchy to stop any new processes from fork()ing
* after a certain limit is reached.
*
* Since it is trivial to hit the task limit without hitting any kmemcg limits
* in place, PIDs are a fundamental resource. As such, PID exhaustion must be
* preventable in the scope of a cgroup hierarchy by allowing resource limiting
* of the number of tasks in a cgroup.
*
* In order to use the `pids` controller, set the maximum number of tasks in
* pids.max (this is not available in the root cgroup for obvious reasons). The
* number of processes currently in the cgroup is given by pids.current.
* Organisational operations are not blocked by cgroup policies, so it is
* possible to have pids.current > pids.max. However, it is not possible to
* violate a cgroup policy through fork(). fork() will return -EAGAIN if forking
* would cause a cgroup policy to be violated.
*
* To set a cgroup to have no limit, set pids.max to "max". This is the default
* for all new cgroups (N.B. that PID limits are hierarchical, so the most
* stringent limit in the hierarchy is followed).
*
* pids.current tracks all child cgroup hierarchies, so parent/pids.current is
* a superset of parent/child/pids.current.
*
* Copyright (C) 2015 Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
*
* This file is subject to the terms and conditions of version 2 of the GNU
* General Public License. See the file COPYING in the main directory of the
* Linux distribution for more details.
*/
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#define PIDS_MAX (PID_MAX_LIMIT + 1ULL)
#define PIDS_MAX_STR "max"
struct pids_cgroup {
struct cgroup_subsys_state css;
/*
* Use 64-bit types so that we can safely represent "max" as
* %PIDS_MAX = (%PID_MAX_LIMIT + 1).
*/
atomic64_t counter;
int64_t limit;
};
static struct pids_cgroup *css_pids(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
{
return container_of(css, struct pids_cgroup, css);
}
static struct pids_cgroup *parent_pids(struct pids_cgroup *pids)
{
return css_pids(pids->css.parent);
}
static struct cgroup_subsys_state *
pids_css_alloc(struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent)
{
struct pids_cgroup *pids;
pids = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pids_cgroup), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!pids)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
pids->limit = PIDS_MAX;
atomic64_set(&pids->counter, 0);
return &pids->css;
}
static void pids_css_free(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
{
kfree(css_pids(css));
}
/**
* pids_cancel - uncharge the local pid count
* @pids: the pid cgroup state
* @num: the number of pids to cancel
*
* This function will WARN if the pid count goes under 0, because such a case is
* a bug in the pids controller proper.
*/
static void pids_cancel(struct pids_cgroup *pids, int num)
{
/*
* A negative count (or overflow for that matter) is invalid,
* and indicates a bug in the `pids` controller proper.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic64_add_negative(-num, &pids->counter));
}
/**
* pids_uncharge - hierarchically uncharge the pid count
* @pids: the pid cgroup state
* @num: the number of pids to uncharge
*/
static void pids_uncharge(struct pids_cgroup *pids, int num)
{
struct pids_cgroup *p;
for (p = pids; parent_pids(p); p = parent_pids(p))
pids_cancel(p, num);
}
/**
* pids_charge - hierarchically charge the pid count
* @pids: the pid cgroup state
* @num: the number of pids to charge
*
* This function does *not* follow the pid limit set. It cannot fail and the new
* pid count may exceed the limit. This is only used for reverting failed
* attaches, where there is no other way out than violating the limit.
*/
static void pids_charge(struct pids_cgroup *pids, int num)
{
struct pids_cgroup *p;
for (p = pids; parent_pids(p); p = parent_pids(p))
atomic64_add(num, &p->counter);
}
/**
* pids_try_charge - hierarchically try to charge the pid count
* @pids: the pid cgroup state
* @num: the number of pids to charge
*
* This function follows the set limit. It will fail if the charge would cause
* the new value to exceed the hierarchical limit. Returns 0 if the charge
* succeded, otherwise -EAGAIN.
*/
static int pids_try_charge(struct pids_cgroup *pids, int num)
{
struct pids_cgroup *p, *q;
for (p = pids; parent_pids(p); p = parent_pids(p)) {
int64_t new = atomic64_add_return(num, &p->counter);
/*
* Since new is capped to the maximum number of pid_t, if
* p->limit is %PIDS_MAX then we know that this test will never
* fail.
*/
if (new > p->limit)
goto revert;
}
return 0;
revert:
for (q = pids; q != p; q = parent_pids(q))
pids_cancel(q, num);
pids_cancel(p, num);
return -EAGAIN;
}
static int pids_can_attach(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
{
struct task_struct *task;
struct cgroup_subsys_state *dst_css;
cgroup_taskset_for_each(task, dst_css, tset) {
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(dst_css);
struct cgroup_subsys_state *old_css;
struct pids_cgroup *old_pids;
/*
* No need to pin @old_css between here and cancel_attach()
* because cgroup core protects it from being freed before
* the migration completes or fails.
*/
old_css = task_css(task, pids_cgrp_id);
old_pids = css_pids(old_css);
pids_charge(pids, 1);
pids_uncharge(old_pids, 1);
}
return 0;
}
static void pids_cancel_attach(struct cgroup_taskset *tset)
{
struct task_struct *task;
struct cgroup_subsys_state *dst_css;
cgroup_taskset_for_each(task, dst_css, tset) {
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(dst_css);
struct cgroup_subsys_state *old_css;
struct pids_cgroup *old_pids;
old_css = task_css(task, pids_cgrp_id);
old_pids = css_pids(old_css);
pids_charge(old_pids, 1);
pids_uncharge(pids, 1);
}
}
/*
* task_css_check(true) in pids_can_fork() and pids_cancel_fork() relies
* on threadgroup_change_begin() held by the copy_process().
*/
static int pids_can_fork(struct task_struct *task, void **priv_p)
{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
struct pids_cgroup *pids;
css = task_css_check(current, pids_cgrp_id, true);
pids = css_pids(css);
return pids_try_charge(pids, 1);
}
static void pids_cancel_fork(struct task_struct *task, void *priv)
{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
struct pids_cgroup *pids;
css = task_css_check(current, pids_cgrp_id, true);
pids = css_pids(css);
pids_uncharge(pids, 1);
}
static void pids_free(struct task_struct *task)
{
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(task_css(task, pids_cgrp_id));
pids_uncharge(pids, 1);
}
static ssize_t pids_max_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = of_css(of);
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(css);
int64_t limit;
int err;
buf = strstrip(buf);
if (!strcmp(buf, PIDS_MAX_STR)) {
limit = PIDS_MAX;
goto set_limit;
}
err = kstrtoll(buf, 0, &limit);
if (err)
return err;
if (limit < 0 || limit >= PIDS_MAX)
return -EINVAL;
set_limit:
/*
* Limit updates don't need to be mutex'd, since it isn't
* critical that any racing fork()s follow the new limit.
*/
pids->limit = limit;
return nbytes;
}
static int pids_max_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v)
{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(sf);
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(css);
int64_t limit = pids->limit;
if (limit >= PIDS_MAX)
seq_printf(sf, "%s\n", PIDS_MAX_STR);
else
seq_printf(sf, "%lld\n", limit);
return 0;
}
static s64 pids_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
struct cftype *cft)
{
struct pids_cgroup *pids = css_pids(css);
return atomic64_read(&pids->counter);
}
static struct cftype pids_files[] = {
{
.name = "max",
.write = pids_max_write,
.seq_show = pids_max_show,
.flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
},
{
.name = "current",
.read_s64 = pids_current_read,
.flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
},
{ } /* terminate */
};
struct cgroup_subsys pids_cgrp_subsys = {
.css_alloc = pids_css_alloc,
.css_free = pids_css_free,
.can_attach = pids_can_attach,
.cancel_attach = pids_cancel_attach,
.can_fork = pids_can_fork,
.cancel_fork = pids_cancel_fork,
.free = pids_free,
.legacy_cftypes = pids_files,
.dfl_cftypes = pids_files,
};