The LSM framework has an existing inode_free_security() hook which
is used by LSMs that manage state associated with an inode, but
due to the use of RCU to protect the inode, special care must be
taken to ensure that the LSMs do not fully release the inode state
until it is safe from a RCU perspective.
This patch implements a new inode_free_security_rcu() implementation
hook which is called when it is safe to free the LSM's internal inode
state. Unfortunately, this new hook does not have access to the inode
itself as it may already be released, so the existing
inode_free_security() hook is retained for those LSMs which require
access to the inode.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: syzbot+5446fbf332b0602ede0b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/00000000000076ba3b0617f65cc8@google.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
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Merge tag 'landlock-6.11-rc1-houdini-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux
Pull landlock fix from Mickaël Salaün:
"Jann Horn reported a sandbox bypass for Landlock. This includes the
fix and new tests. This should be backported"
* tag 'landlock-6.11-rc1-houdini-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux:
selftests/landlock: Add cred_transfer test
landlock: Don't lose track of restrictions on cred_transfer
When a process' cred struct is replaced, this _almost_ always invokes
the cred_prepare LSM hook; but in one special case (when
KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT updates the parent's credentials), the
cred_transfer LSM hook is used instead. Landlock only implements the
cred_prepare hook, not cred_transfer, so KEYCTL_SESSION_TO_PARENT causes
all information on Landlock restrictions to be lost.
This basically means that a process with the ability to use the fork()
and keyctl() syscalls can get rid of all Landlock restrictions on
itself.
Fix it by adding a cred_transfer hook that does the same thing as the
existing cred_prepare hook. (Implemented by having hook_cred_prepare()
call hook_cred_transfer() so that the two functions are less likely to
accidentally diverge in the future.)
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Fixes: 385975dca5 ("landlock: Set up the security framework and manage credentials")
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240724-landlock-houdini-fix-v1-1-df89a4560ca3@google.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
* Fix some typos, incomplete or confusing phrases.
* Split paragraphs where appropriate.
* List the same error code multiple times,
if it has multiple possible causes.
* Bring wording closer to the man page wording,
which has undergone more thorough review
(esp. for LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_WRITE_FILE).
* Small semantic clarifications
* Call the ephemeral port range "ephemeral"
* Clarify reasons for EFAULT in landlock_add_rule()
* Clarify @rule_type doc for landlock_add_rule()
This is a collection of small fixes which I collected when preparing the
corresponding man pages [1].
Cc: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
Cc: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240715155554.2791018-1-gnoack@google.com [1]
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240715160328.2792835-2-gnoack@google.com
[mic: Add label to link, fix formatting spotted by make htmldocs,
synchronize userspace-api documentation's date]
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
When defined using bit-fields, the compiler takes care of packing the
bits in a memory-efficient way and frees us from defining
LANDLOCK_SHIFT_ACCESS_* by hand. The exact memory layout does not
matter in our use case.
The manual definition of LANDLOCK_SHIFT_ACCESS_* has resulted in bugs in
at least two recent patch sets [1] [2] where new kinds of handled access
rights were introduced.
Cc: Mikhail Ivanov <ivanov.mikhail1@huawei-partners.com>
Cc: Tahera Fahimi <fahimitahera@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ebd680cc-25d6-ee14-4856-310f5e5e28e4@huawei-partners.com [1]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ZmLEoBfHyUR3nKAV@google.com [2]
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240610082115.1693267-1-gnoack@google.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Introduces the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_IOCTL_DEV right
and increments the Landlock ABI version to 5.
This access right applies to device-custom IOCTL commands
when they are invoked on block or character device files.
Like the truncate right, this right is associated with a file
descriptor at the time of open(2), and gets respected even when the
file descriptor is used outside of the thread which it was originally
opened in.
Therefore, a newly enabled Landlock policy does not apply to file
descriptors which are already open.
If the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_IOCTL_DEV right is handled, only a small
number of safe IOCTL commands will be permitted on newly opened device
files. These include FIOCLEX, FIONCLEX, FIONBIO and FIOASYNC, as well
as other IOCTL commands for regular files which are implemented in
fs/ioctl.c.
Noteworthy scenarios which require special attention:
TTY devices are often passed into a process from the parent process,
and so a newly enabled Landlock policy does not retroactively apply to
them automatically. In the past, TTY devices have often supported
IOCTL commands like TIOCSTI and some TIOCLINUX subcommands, which were
letting callers control the TTY input buffer (and simulate
keypresses). This should be restricted to CAP_SYS_ADMIN programs on
modern kernels though.
Known limitations:
The LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_IOCTL_DEV access right is a coarse-grained
control over IOCTL commands.
Landlock users may use path-based restrictions in combination with
their knowledge about the file system layout to control what IOCTLs
can be done.
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240419161122.2023765-2-gnoack@google.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Use landlock_cred(file->f_cred)->domain instead of
landlock_get_current_domain() in security_file_open() hook
implementation.
This should not change the current behavior but could avoid potential
race conditions in case of current task's credentials change.
This will also ensure consistency with upcoming audit support relying on
file->f_cred.
Add and use a new get_fs_domain() helper to mask non-filesystem domains.
file->f_cred is set by path_openat()/alloc_empty_file()/init_file() just
before calling security_file_alloc().
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240307095203.1467189-1-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
ptrace.[ch] are currently only used for the ptrace LSM hooks but their
scope will expand with IPCs and audit support. Rename ptrace.[ch] to
task.[ch], which better reflect their content. Similarly, rename
landlock_add_ptrace_hooks() to landlock_add_task_hooks(). Keep header
files for now.
Cc: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240307093923.1466071-2-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Remove the handled_access variable in current_check_access_socket() and
update access_request instead. One up-to-date variable avoids picking
the wrong one.
Cc: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240307093923.1466071-1-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Because sandboxing can be used as an opportunistic security measure,
user space may not log unsupported features. Let the system
administrator know if an application tries to use Landlock but failed
because it isn't enabled at boot time. This may be caused by boot
loader configurations with outdated "lsm" kernel's command-line
parameter.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 265885daf3 ("landlock: Add syscall implementations")
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240227110550.3702236-2-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Add the SECURITY_LANDLOCK_KUNIT_TEST option to enable KUnit tests for
Landlock. The minimal required configuration is listed in the
security/landlock/.kunitconfig file.
Add an initial landlock_fs KUnit test suite with 7 test cases for
filesystem helpers. These are related to the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER
right.
There is one KUnit test case per:
* mutated state (e.g. test_scope_to_request_*) or,
* shared state between tests (e.g. test_is_eaccess_*).
Add macros to improve readability of tests (i.e. one per line). Test
cases are collocated with the tested functions to help maintenance and
improve documentation. This is why SECURITY_LANDLOCK_KUNIT_TEST cannot
be set as module.
This is a nice complement to Landlock's user space kselftests. We
expect new Landlock features to come with KUnit tests as well.
Thanks to UML support, we can run all KUnit tests for Landlock with:
./tools/testing/kunit/kunit.py run --kunitconfig security/landlock
[00:00:00] ======================= landlock_fs =======================
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_no_more_access
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_scope_to_request_with_exec_none
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_scope_to_request_with_exec_some
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_scope_to_request_without_access
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_is_eacces_with_none
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_is_eacces_with_refer
[00:00:00] [PASSED] test_is_eacces_with_write
[00:00:00] =================== [PASSED] landlock_fs ===================
[00:00:00] ============================================================
[00:00:00] Testing complete. Ran 7 tests: passed: 7
Cc: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240118113632.1948478-1-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
When linking or renaming a file, if only one of the source or
destination directory is backed by an S_PRIVATE inode, then the related
set of layer masks would be used as uninitialized by
is_access_to_paths_allowed(). This would result to indeterministic
access for one side instead of always being allowed.
This bug could only be triggered with a mounted filesystem containing
both S_PRIVATE and !S_PRIVATE inodes, which doesn't seem possible.
The collect_domain_accesses() calls return early if
is_nouser_or_private() returns false, which means that the directory's
superblock has SB_NOUSER or its inode has S_PRIVATE. Because rename or
link actions are only allowed on the same mounted filesystem, the
superblock is always the same for both source and destination
directories. However, it might be possible in theory to have an
S_PRIVATE parent source inode with an !S_PRIVATE parent destination
inode, or vice versa.
To make sure this case is not an issue, explicitly initialized both set
of layer masks to 0, which means to allow all actions on the related
side. If at least on side has !S_PRIVATE, then
collect_domain_accesses() and is_access_to_paths_allowed() check for the
required access rights.
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Shervin Oloumi <enlightened@chromium.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: b91c3e4ea7 ("landlock: Add support for file reparenting with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240219190345.2928627-1-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
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Merge tag 'landlock-6.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux
Pull Landlock updates from Mickaël Salaün:
"New tests, a slight optimization, and some cosmetic changes"
* tag 'landlock-6.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux:
landlock: Optimize the number of calls to get_access_mask slightly
selftests/landlock: Rename "permitted" to "allowed" in ftruncate tests
landlock: Remove remaining "inline" modifiers in .c files [v6.6]
landlock: Remove remaining "inline" modifiers in .c files [v6.1]
landlock: Remove remaining "inline" modifiers in .c files [v5.15]
selftests/landlock: Add tests to check unhandled rule's access rights
selftests/landlock: Add tests to check unknown rule's access rights
This call is now going through a function pointer,
and it is not as obvious any more that it will be inlined.
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231208155121.1943775-4-gnoack@google.com
Fixes: 7a11275c37 ("landlock: Refactor layer helpers")
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
For module-internal static functions, compilers are already in a good
position to decide whether to inline them or not.
Suggested-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231208155121.1943775-2-gnoack@google.com
[mic: Split patch for Linux 6.6]
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
For module-internal static functions, compilers are already in a good
position to decide whether to inline them or not.
Suggested-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231208155121.1943775-2-gnoack@google.com
[mic: Split patch for Linux 6.1]
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
For module-internal static functions, compilers are already in a good
position to decide whether to inline them or not.
Suggested-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231208155121.1943775-2-gnoack@google.com
[mic: Split patch for Linux 5.15]
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Create a struct lsm_id to contain identifying information about Linux
Security Modules (LSMs). At inception this contains the name of the
module and an identifier associated with the security module. Change
the security_add_hooks() interface to use this structure. Change the
individual modules to maintain their own struct lsm_id and pass it to
security_add_hooks().
The values are for LSM identifiers are defined in a new UAPI
header file linux/lsm.h. Each existing LSM has been updated to
include it's LSMID in the lsm_id.
The LSM ID values are sequential, with the oldest module
LSM_ID_CAPABILITY being the lowest value and the existing modules
numbered in the order they were included in the main line kernel.
This is an arbitrary convention for assigning the values, but
none better presents itself. The value 0 is defined as being invalid.
The values 1-99 are reserved for any special case uses which may
arise in the future. This may include attributes of the LSM
infrastructure itself, possibly related to namespacing or network
attribute management. A special range is identified for such attributes
to help reduce confusion for developers unfamiliar with LSMs.
LSM attribute values are defined for the attributes presented by
modules that are available today. As with the LSM IDs, The value 0
is defined as being invalid. The values 1-99 are reserved for any
special case uses which may arise in the future.
Cc: linux-security-module <linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Reviewed-by: Mickael Salaun <mic@digikod.net>
Reviewed-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Nacked-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
[PM: forward ported beyond v6.6 due merge window changes]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Add network rules support in the ruleset management helpers and the
landlock_create_ruleset() syscall. Extend user space API to support
network actions:
* Add new network access rights: LANDLOCK_ACCESS_NET_BIND_TCP and
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_NET_CONNECT_TCP.
* Add a new network rule type: LANDLOCK_RULE_NET_PORT tied to struct
landlock_net_port_attr. The allowed_access field contains the network
access rights, and the port field contains the port value according to
the controlled protocol. This field can take up to a 64-bit value
but the maximum value depends on the related protocol (e.g. 16-bit
value for TCP). Network port is in host endianness [1].
* Add a new handled_access_net field to struct landlock_ruleset_attr
that contains network access rights.
* Increment the Landlock ABI version to 4.
Implement socket_bind() and socket_connect() LSM hooks, which enable
to control TCP socket binding and connection to specific ports.
Expand access_masks_t from u16 to u32 to be able to store network access
rights alongside filesystem access rights for rulesets' handled access
rights.
Access rights are not tied to socket file descriptors but checked at
bind() or connect() call time against the caller's Landlock domain. For
the filesystem, a file descriptor is a direct access to a file/data.
However, for network sockets, we cannot identify for which data or peer
a newly created socket will give access to. Indeed, we need to wait for
a connect or bind request to identify the use case for this socket.
Likewise a directory file descriptor may enable to open another file
(i.e. a new data item), but this opening is also restricted by the
caller's domain, not the file descriptor's access rights [2].
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/278ab07f-7583-a4e0-3d37-1bacd091531d@digikod.net
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/r/263c1eb3-602f-57fe-8450-3f138581bee7@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-9-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
[mic: Extend commit message, fix typo in comments, and specify
endianness in the documentation]
Co-developed-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Change the landlock_add_rule() syscall to support new rule types with
next commits. Add the add_rule_path_beneath() helper to support current
filesystem rules.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-8-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Add a new key_type argument to the landlock_init_layer_masks() helper.
Add a masks_array_size argument to the landlock_unmask_layers() helper.
These modifications support implementing new rule types in the next
Landlock versions.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-7-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Move and rename landlock_unmask_layers() and landlock_init_layer_masks()
helpers to ruleset.c to share them with Landlock network implementation
in following commits.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-6-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Refactor merge_ruleset() and inherit_ruleset() functions to support new
rule types. Add merge_tree() and inherit_tree() helpers. They use a
specific ruleset's red-black tree according to a key type argument.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-5-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Add a new landlock_key union and landlock_id structure to support a
socket port rule type. A struct landlock_id identifies a unique entry
in a ruleset: either a kernel object (e.g. inode) or typed data (e.g.
TCP port). There is one red-black tree per key type.
Add is_object_pointer() and get_root() helpers. is_object_pointer()
returns true if key type is LANDLOCK_KEY_INODE. get_root() helper
returns a red-black tree root pointer according to a key type.
Refactor landlock_insert_rule() and landlock_find_rule() to support
coming network modifications. Adding or searching a rule in ruleset can
now be done thanks to a Landlock ID argument passed to these helpers.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-4-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
[mic: Fix commit message typo]
Co-developed-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Allow mount point and root directory changes when there is no filesystem
rule tied to the current Landlock domain. This doesn't change anything
for now because a domain must have at least a (filesystem) rule, but
this will change when other rule types will come. For instance, a domain
only restricting the network should have no impact on filesystem
restrictions.
Add a new get_current_fs_domain() helper to quickly check filesystem
rule existence for all filesystem LSM hooks.
Remove unnecessary inlining.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-3-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Rename ruleset's access masks and modify it's type to access_masks_t
to support network type rules in following commits. Add filesystem
helper functions to add and get filesystem mask.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Meskhidze <konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231026014751.414649-2-konstantin.meskhidze@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Prepare for the coming implementation by GCC and Clang of the __counted_by
attribute. Flexible array members annotated with __counted_by can have
their accesses bounds-checked at run-time checking via CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS
(for array indexing) and CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE (for strcpy/memcpy-family
functions).
As found with Coccinelle[1], add __counted_by for struct landlock_rule.
[1] https://github.com/kees/kernel-tools/blob/trunk/coccinelle/examples/counted_by.cocci
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Justin Stitt <justinstitt@google.com>
Reviewed-by: "Gustavo A. R. Silva" <gustavoars@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230817210257.never.920-kees@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
hostfs creates a new inode for each opened or created file, which
created useless inode allocations and forbade identifying a host file
with a kernel inode.
Fix this uncommon filesystem behavior by tying kernel inodes to host
file's inode and device IDs. Even if the host filesystem inodes may be
recycled, this cannot happen while a file referencing it is opened,
which is the case with hostfs. It should be noted that hostfs inode IDs
may not be unique for the same hostfs superblock because multiple host's
(backed) superblocks may be used.
Delete inodes when dropping them to force backed host's file descriptors
closing.
This enables to entirely remove ARCH_EPHEMERAL_INODES, and then makes
Landlock fully supported by UML. This is very useful for testing
changes.
These changes also factor out and simplify some helpers thanks to the
new hostfs_inode_update() and the hostfs_iget() revamp: read_name(),
hostfs_create(), hostfs_lookup(), hostfs_mknod(), and
hostfs_fill_sb_common().
A following commit with new Landlock tests check this new hostfs inode
consistency.
Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230612191430.339153-2-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
After working with the larger SELinux-based distros for several
years, we're finally at a place where we can disable the SELinux
runtime disable functionality. The existing kernel deprecation
notice explains the functionality and why we want to remove it:
The selinuxfs "disable" node allows SELinux to be disabled at
runtime prior to a policy being loaded into the kernel. If
disabled via this mechanism, SELinux will remain disabled until
the system is rebooted.
The preferred method of disabling SELinux is via the "selinux=0"
boot parameter, but the selinuxfs "disable" node was created to
make it easier for systems with primitive bootloaders that did not
allow for easy modification of the kernel command line.
Unfortunately, allowing for SELinux to be disabled at runtime makes
it difficult to secure the kernel's LSM hooks using the
"__ro_after_init" feature.
It is that last sentence, mentioning the '__ro_after_init' hardening,
which is the real motivation for this change, and if you look at the
diffstat you'll see that the impact of this patch reaches across all
the different LSMs, helping prevent tampering at the LSM hook level.
From a SELinux perspective, it is important to note that if you
continue to disable SELinux via "/etc/selinux/config" it may appear
that SELinux is disabled, but it is simply in an uninitialized state.
If you load a policy with `load_policy -i`, you will see SELinux
come alive just as if you had loaded the policy during early-boot.
It is also worth noting that the "/sys/fs/selinux/disable" file is
always writable now, regardless of the Kconfig settings, but writing
to the file has no effect on the system, other than to display an
error on the console if a non-zero/true value is written.
Finally, in the several years where we have been working on
deprecating this functionality, there has only been one instance of
someone mentioning any user visible breakage. In this particular
case it was an individual's kernel test system, and the workaround
documented in the deprecation notice ("selinux=0" on the kernel
command line) resolved the issue without problem.
Acked-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Introduce the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE flag for file truncation.
This flag hooks into the path_truncate, file_truncate and
file_alloc_security LSM hooks and covers file truncation using
truncate(2), ftruncate(2), open(2) with O_TRUNC, as well as creat().
This change also increments the Landlock ABI version, updates
corresponding selftests, and updates code documentation to document
the flag.
In security/security.c, allocate security blobs at pointer-aligned
offsets. This fixes the problem where one LSM's security blob can
shift another LSM's security blob to an unaligned address (reported
by Nathan Chancellor).
The following operations are restricted:
open(2): requires the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE right if a file gets
implicitly truncated as part of the open() (e.g. using O_TRUNC).
Notable special cases:
* open(..., O_RDONLY|O_TRUNC) can truncate files as well in Linux
* open() with O_TRUNC does *not* need the TRUNCATE right when it
creates a new file.
truncate(2) (on a path): requires the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_TRUNCATE
right.
ftruncate(2) (on a file): requires that the file had the TRUNCATE
right when it was previously opened. File descriptors acquired by
other means than open(2) (e.g. memfd_create(2)) continue to support
truncation with ftruncate(2).
Cc: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> (LSM)
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221018182216.301684-5-gnoack3000@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Rename check_access_path_dual() to is_access_to_paths_allowed().
Make it return true iff the access is allowed.
Calculate the EXDEV/EACCES error code in the one place where it's needed.
Suggested-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Signed-off-by: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221018182216.301684-3-gnoack3000@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
It seems that all code should use double backquotes, which is also used
to convert "%" defines. Let's use an homogeneous style and remove all
use of simple backquotes (which should only be used for emphasis).
Cc: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220923154207.3311629-4-mic@digikod.net
Now that we have more than one ABI version, make limitation explanation
more consistent by replacing "ABI 1" with "ABI < 2". This also
indicates which ABIs support such past limitation.
Improve documentation consistency by not using contractions.
Fix spelling in fs.c .
Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Reviewed-by: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220923154207.3311629-3-mic@digikod.net
This change fixes a mis-handling of the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER right
when multiple rulesets/domains are stacked. The expected behaviour was
that an additional ruleset can only restrict the set of permitted
operations, but in this particular case, it was potentially possible to
re-gain the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER right.
With the introduction of LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, we added the first
globally denied-by-default access right. Indeed, this lifted an initial
Landlock limitation to rename and link files, which was initially always
denied when the source or the destination were different directories.
This led to an inconsistent backward compatibility behavior which was
only taken into account if no domain layer were using the new
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER right. However, when restricting a thread with
a new ruleset handling LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER, all inherited parent
rulesets/layers not explicitly handling LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER would
behave as if they were handling this access right and with all their
rules allowing it. This means that renaming and linking files could
became allowed by these parent layers, but all the other required
accesses must also be granted: all layers must allow file removal or
creation, and renaming and linking operations cannot lead to privilege
escalation according to the Landlock policy. See detailed explanation
in commit b91c3e4ea7 ("landlock: Add support for file reparenting with
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER").
To say it another way, this bug may lift the renaming and linking
limitations of the initial Landlock version, and a same ruleset can
enforce different restrictions depending on previous or next enforced
ruleset (i.e. inconsistent behavior). The LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER right
cannot give access to data not already allowed, but this doesn't follow
the contract of the first Landlock ABI. This fix puts back the
limitation for sandboxes that didn't opt-in for this additional right.
For instance, if a first ruleset allows LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG on
/dst and LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE on /src, renaming /src/file to
/dst/file is denied. However, without this fix, stacking a new ruleset
which allows LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER on / would now permit the
sandboxed thread to rename /src/file to /dst/file .
This change fixes the (absolute) rule access rights, which now always
forbid LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER except when it is explicitly allowed
when creating a rule.
Making all domain handle LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER was an initial
approach but there is two downsides:
* it makes the code more complex because we still want to check that a
rule allowing LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER is legitimate according to the
ruleset's handled access rights (i.e. ABI v1 != ABI v2);
* it would not allow to identify if the user created a ruleset
explicitly handling LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER or not, which will be an
issue to audit Landlock.
Instead, this change adds an ACCESS_INITIALLY_DENIED list of
denied-by-default rights, which (only) contains
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER. All domains are treated as if they are also
handling this list, but without modifying their fs_access_masks field.
A side effect is that the errno code returned by rename(2) or link(2)
*may* be changed from EXDEV to EACCES according to the enforced
restrictions. Indeed, we now have the mechanic to identify if an access
is denied because of a required right (e.g. LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_REG,
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_FILE) or if it is denied because of missing
LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER rights. This may result in different errno
codes than for the initial Landlock version, but this approach is more
consistent and better for rename/link compatibility reasons, and it
wasn't possible before (hence no backport to ABI v1). The
layout1.rename_file test reflects this change.
Add 4 layout1.refer_denied_by_default* test suites to check that the
behavior of a ruleset not handling LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER (ABI v1) is
unchanged even if another layer handles LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER (i.e.
ABI v1 precedence). Make sure rule's absolute access rights are correct
by testing with and without a matching path. Add test_rename() and
test_exchange() helpers.
Extend layout1.inval tests to check that a denied-by-default access
right is not necessarily part of a domain's handled access rights.
Test coverage for security/landlock is 95.3% of 599 lines according to
gcc/gcov-11.
Fixes: b91c3e4ea7 ("landlock: Add support for file reparenting with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER")
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Reviewed-by: Günther Noack <gnoack3000@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220831203840.1370732-1-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
[mic: Constify and slightly simplify test helpers]
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Add a new LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER access right to enable policy writers
to allow sandboxed processes to link and rename files from and to a
specific set of file hierarchies. This access right should be composed
with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_MAKE_* for the destination of a link or rename,
and with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REMOVE_* for a source of a rename. This
lift a Landlock limitation that always denied changing the parent of an
inode.
Renaming or linking to the same directory is still always allowed,
whatever LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER is used or not, because it is not
considered a threat to user data.
However, creating multiple links or renaming to a different parent
directory may lead to privilege escalations if not handled properly.
Indeed, we must be sure that the source doesn't gain more privileges by
being accessible from the destination. This is handled by making sure
that the source hierarchy (including the referenced file or directory
itself) restricts at least as much the destination hierarchy. If it is
not the case, an EXDEV error is returned, making it potentially possible
for user space to copy the file hierarchy instead of moving or linking
it.
Instead of creating different access rights for the source and the
destination, we choose to make it simple and consistent for users.
Indeed, considering the previous constraint, it would be weird to
require such destination access right to be also granted to the source
(to make it a superset). Moreover, RENAME_EXCHANGE would also add to
the confusion because of paths being both a source and a destination.
See the provided documentation for additional details.
New tests are provided with a following commit.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-8-mic@digikod.net
In order to be able to identify a file exchange with renameat2(2) and
RENAME_EXCHANGE, which will be useful for Landlock [1], propagate the
rename flags to LSMs. This may also improve performance because of the
switch from two set of LSM hook calls to only one, and because LSMs
using this hook may optimize the double check (e.g. only one lock,
reduce the number of path walks).
AppArmor, Landlock and Tomoyo are updated to leverage this change. This
should not change the current behavior (same check order), except
(different level of) speed boosts.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220221212522.320243-1-mic@digikod.net
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@nttdata.co.jp>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Acked-by: John Johansen <john.johansen@canonical.com>
Acked-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-7-mic@digikod.net
Move the SB_NOUSER and IS_PRIVATE dentry check to a standalone
is_nouser_or_private() helper. This will be useful for a following
commit.
Move get_mode_access() and maybe_remove() to make them usable by new
code provided by a following commit.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-6-mic@digikod.net
The original behavior was to check if the full set of requested accesses
was allowed by at least a rule of every relevant layer. This didn't
take into account requests for multiple accesses and same-layer rules
allowing the union of these accesses in a complementary way. As a
result, multiple accesses requested on a file hierarchy matching rules
that, together, allowed these accesses, but without a unique rule
allowing all of them, was illegitimately denied. This case should be
rare in practice and it can only be triggered by the path_rename or
file_open hook implementations.
For instance, if, for the same layer, a rule allows execution
beneath /a/b and another rule allows read beneath /a, requesting access
to read and execute at the same time for /a/b should be allowed for this
layer.
This was an inconsistency because the union of same-layer rule accesses
was already allowed if requested once at a time anyway.
This fix changes the way allowed accesses are gathered over a path walk.
To take into account all these rule accesses, we store in a matrix all
layer granting the set of requested accesses, according to the handled
accesses. To avoid heap allocation, we use an array on the stack which
is 2*13 bytes. A following commit bringing the LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_REFER
access right will increase this size to reach 112 bytes (2*14*4) in case
of link or rename actions.
Add a new layout1.layer_rule_unions test to check that accesses from
different rules pertaining to the same layer are ORed in a file
hierarchy. Also test that it is not the case for rules from different
layers.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-5-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
The maximum number of nested Landlock domains is currently 64. Because
of the following fix and to help reduce the stack size, let's reduce it
to 16. This seems large enough for a lot of use cases (e.g. sandboxed
init service, spawning a sandboxed SSH service, in nested sandboxed
containers). Reducing the number of nested domains may also help to
discover misuse of Landlock (e.g. creating a domain per rule).
Add and use a dedicated layer_mask_t typedef to fit with the number of
layers. This might be useful when changing it and to keep it consistent
with the maximum number of layers.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-3-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Create and use the access_mask_t typedef to enforce a consistent access
mask size and uniformly use a 16-bits type. This will helps transition
to a 32-bits value one day.
Add a build check to make sure all (filesystem) access rights fit in.
This will be extended with a following commit.
Reviewed-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506161102.525323-2-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
According to the Landlock goal to be a security feature available to
unprivileges processes, it makes more sense to first check for
no_new_privs before checking anything else (i.e. syscall arguments).
Merge inval_fd_enforce and unpriv_enforce_without_no_new_privs tests
into the new restrict_self_checks_ordering. This is similar to the
previous commit checking other syscalls.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160820.524344-10-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
This makes more sense to first check the ruleset FD and then the rule
attribute. It will be useful to factor out code for other rule types.
Add inval_add_rule_arguments tests, extension of empty_path_beneath_attr
tests, to also check error ordering for landlock_add_rule(2).
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160820.524344-9-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Let's follow a consistent and documented coding style. Everything may
not be to our liking but it is better than tacit knowledge. Moreover,
this will help maintain style consistency between different developers.
This contains only whitespace changes.
Automatically formatted with:
clang-format-14 -i security/landlock/*.[ch] include/uapi/linux/landlock.h
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160513.523257-3-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
In preparation to a following commit, add clang-format on and
clang-format off stanzas around constant definitions. This enables to
keep aligned values, which is much more readable than packed
definitions.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220506160513.523257-2-mic@digikod.net
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@digikod.net>
Make the name of the anon inode fd "[landlock-ruleset]" instead of
"landlock-ruleset". This is minor but most anon inode fds already
carry square brackets around their name:
[eventfd]
[eventpoll]
[fanotify]
[fscontext]
[io_uring]
[pidfd]
[signalfd]
[timerfd]
[userfaultfd]
For the sake of consistency lets do the same for the landlock-ruleset anon
inode fd that comes with landlock. We did the same in
1cdc415f10 ("uapi, fsopen: use square brackets around "fscontext" [ver #2]")
for the new mount api.
Cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20211011133704.1704369-1-brauner@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@linux.microsoft.com>
Add a new flag LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET_VERSION to
landlock_create_ruleset(2). This enables to retreive a Landlock ABI
version that is useful to efficiently follow a best-effort security
approach. Indeed, it would be a missed opportunity to abort the whole
sandbox building, because some features are unavailable, instead of
protecting users as much as possible with the subset of features
provided by the running kernel.
This new flag enables user space to identify the minimum set of Landlock
features supported by the running kernel without relying on a filesystem
interface (e.g. /proc/version, which might be inaccessible) nor testing
multiple syscall argument combinations (i.e. syscall bisection). New
Landlock features will be documented and tied to a minimum version
number (greater than 1). The current version will be incremented for
each new kernel release supporting new Landlock features. User space
libraries can leverage this information to seamlessly restrict processes
as much as possible while being compatible with newer APIs.
This is a much more lighter approach than the previous
landlock_get_features(2): the complexity is pushed to user space
libraries. This flag meets similar needs as securityfs versions:
selinux/policyvers, apparmor/features/*/version* and tomoyo/version.
Supporting this flag now will be convenient for backward compatibility.
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@linux.microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210422154123.13086-14-mic@digikod.net
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jamorris@linux.microsoft.com>
