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Documentation: update cgroupfs mount point
According to commit 676db4af04 ("cgroupfs: create /sys/fs/cgroup to
mount cgroupfs on") the canonical mountpoint for the cgroup filesystem
is /sys/fs/cgroup. Hence, this should be used in the documentation.
Signed-off-by: Jörg Sommer <joerg@alea.gnuu.de>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This commit is contained in:
Jörg Sommer
Linus Torvalds
parent
06a2c45d6b
commit
f6e07d3807
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ information will not be available.
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To extract cgroup statistics a utility very similar to getdelays.c
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has been developed, the sample output of the utility is shown below
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~/balbir/cgroupstats # ./getdelays -C "/cgroup/a"
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~/balbir/cgroupstats # ./getdelays -C "/sys/fs/cgroup/a"
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sleeping 1, blocked 0, running 1, stopped 0, uninterruptible 0
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~/balbir/cgroupstats # ./getdelays -C "/cgroup"
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~/balbir/cgroupstats # ./getdelays -C "/sys/fs/cgroup"
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sleeping 155, blocked 0, running 1, stopped 0, uninterruptible 2
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@ -28,16 +28,19 @@ cgroups. Here is what you can do.
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- Enable group scheduling in CFQ
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CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED=y
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- Compile and boot into kernel and mount IO controller (blkio).
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- Compile and boot into kernel and mount IO controller (blkio); see
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cgroups.txt, Why are cgroups needed?.
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mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /cgroup
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mount -t tmpfs cgroup_root /sys/fs/cgroup
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mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio
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mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio
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- Create two cgroups
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mkdir -p /cgroup/test1/ /cgroup/test2
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mkdir -p /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test1/ /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test2
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- Set weights of group test1 and test2
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echo 1000 > /cgroup/test1/blkio.weight
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echo 500 > /cgroup/test2/blkio.weight
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echo 1000 > /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test1/blkio.weight
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echo 500 > /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test2/blkio.weight
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- Create two same size files (say 512MB each) on same disk (file1, file2) and
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launch two dd threads in different cgroup to read those files.
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@ -46,12 +49,12 @@ cgroups. Here is what you can do.
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echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
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dd if=/mnt/sdb/zerofile1 of=/dev/null &
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echo $! > /cgroup/test1/tasks
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cat /cgroup/test1/tasks
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echo $! > /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test1/tasks
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cat /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test1/tasks
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dd if=/mnt/sdb/zerofile2 of=/dev/null &
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echo $! > /cgroup/test2/tasks
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cat /cgroup/test2/tasks
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echo $! > /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test2/tasks
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cat /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/test2/tasks
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- At macro level, first dd should finish first. To get more precise data, keep
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on looking at (with the help of script), at blkio.disk_time and
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@ -68,13 +71,13 @@ Throttling/Upper Limit policy
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- Enable throttling in block layer
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CONFIG_BLK_DEV_THROTTLING=y
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- Mount blkio controller
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mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /cgroup/blkio
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- Mount blkio controller (see cgroups.txt, Why are cgroups needed?)
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mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio
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- Specify a bandwidth rate on particular device for root group. The format
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for policy is "<major>:<minor> <byes_per_second>".
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echo "8:16 1048576" > /cgroup/blkio/blkio.read_bps_device
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echo "8:16 1048576" > /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio/blkio.read_bps_device
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Above will put a limit of 1MB/second on reads happening for root group
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on device having major/minor number 8:16.
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@ -149,7 +152,7 @@ Proportional weight policy files
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Following is the format.
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#echo dev_maj:dev_minor weight > /path/to/cgroup/blkio.weight_device
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# echo dev_maj:dev_minor weight > blkio.weight_device
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Configure weight=300 on /dev/sdb (8:16) in this cgroup
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# echo 8:16 300 > blkio.weight_device
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# cat blkio.weight_device
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@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ With the ability to classify tasks differently for different resources
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the admin can easily set up a script which receives exec notifications
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and depending on who is launching the browser he can
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# echo browser_pid > /mnt/<restype>/<userclass>/tasks
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# echo browser_pid > /sys/fs/cgroup/<restype>/<userclass>/tasks
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With only a single hierarchy, he now would potentially have to create
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a separate cgroup for every browser launched and associate it with
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@ -153,9 +153,9 @@ apps enhanced CPU power,
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With ability to write pids directly to resource classes, it's just a
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matter of :
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# echo pid > /mnt/network/<new_class>/tasks
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# echo pid > /sys/fs/cgroup/network/<new_class>/tasks
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(after some time)
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# echo pid > /mnt/network/<orig_class>/tasks
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# echo pid > /sys/fs/cgroup/network/<orig_class>/tasks
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Without this ability, he would have to split the cgroup into
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multiple separate ones and then associate the new cgroups with the
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@ -310,21 +310,24 @@ subsystem, this is the case for the cpuset.
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To start a new job that is to be contained within a cgroup, using
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the "cpuset" cgroup subsystem, the steps are something like:
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1) mkdir /dev/cgroup
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2) mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /dev/cgroup
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3) Create the new cgroup by doing mkdir's and write's (or echo's) in
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the /dev/cgroup virtual file system.
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4) Start a task that will be the "founding father" of the new job.
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5) Attach that task to the new cgroup by writing its pid to the
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/dev/cgroup tasks file for that cgroup.
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6) fork, exec or clone the job tasks from this founding father task.
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1) mount -t tmpfs cgroup_root /sys/fs/cgroup
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2) mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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3) mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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4) Create the new cgroup by doing mkdir's and write's (or echo's) in
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the /sys/fs/cgroup virtual file system.
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5) Start a task that will be the "founding father" of the new job.
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6) Attach that task to the new cgroup by writing its pid to the
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/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/tasks file for that cgroup.
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7) fork, exec or clone the job tasks from this founding father task.
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For example, the following sequence of commands will setup a cgroup
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named "Charlie", containing just CPUs 2 and 3, and Memory Node 1,
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and then start a subshell 'sh' in that cgroup:
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mount -t cgroup cpuset -ocpuset /dev/cgroup
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cd /dev/cgroup
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mount -t tmpfs cgroup_root /sys/fs/cgroup
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mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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mount -t cgroup cpuset -ocpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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mkdir Charlie
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cd Charlie
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/bin/echo 2-3 > cpuset.cpus
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@ -345,7 +348,7 @@ Creating, modifying, using the cgroups can be done through the cgroup
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virtual filesystem.
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To mount a cgroup hierarchy with all available subsystems, type:
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# mount -t cgroup xxx /dev/cgroup
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# mount -t cgroup xxx /sys/fs/cgroup
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The "xxx" is not interpreted by the cgroup code, but will appear in
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/proc/mounts so may be any useful identifying string that you like.
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@ -354,23 +357,32 @@ Note: Some subsystems do not work without some user input first. For instance,
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if cpusets are enabled the user will have to populate the cpus and mems files
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for each new cgroup created before that group can be used.
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As explained in section `1.2 Why are cgroups needed?' you should create
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different hierarchies of cgroups for each single resource or group of
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resources you want to control. Therefore, you should mount a tmpfs on
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/sys/fs/cgroup and create directories for each cgroup resource or resource
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group.
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# mount -t tmpfs cgroup_root /sys/fs/cgroup
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# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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To mount a cgroup hierarchy with just the cpuset and memory
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subsystems, type:
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# mount -t cgroup -o cpuset,memory hier1 /dev/cgroup
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# mount -t cgroup -o cpuset,memory hier1 /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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To change the set of subsystems bound to a mounted hierarchy, just
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remount with different options:
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# mount -o remount,cpuset,blkio hier1 /dev/cgroup
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# mount -o remount,cpuset,blkio hier1 /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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Now memory is removed from the hierarchy and blkio is added.
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Note this will add blkio to the hierarchy but won't remove memory or
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cpuset, because the new options are appended to the old ones:
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# mount -o remount,blkio /dev/cgroup
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# mount -o remount,blkio /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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To Specify a hierarchy's release_agent:
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# mount -t cgroup -o cpuset,release_agent="/sbin/cpuset_release_agent" \
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xxx /dev/cgroup
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xxx /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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Note that specifying 'release_agent' more than once will return failure.
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@ -379,17 +391,17 @@ when the hierarchy consists of a single (root) cgroup. Supporting
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the ability to arbitrarily bind/unbind subsystems from an existing
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cgroup hierarchy is intended to be implemented in the future.
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Then under /dev/cgroup you can find a tree that corresponds to the
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tree of the cgroups in the system. For instance, /dev/cgroup
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Then under /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1 you can find a tree that corresponds to the
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tree of the cgroups in the system. For instance, /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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is the cgroup that holds the whole system.
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If you want to change the value of release_agent:
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# echo "/sbin/new_release_agent" > /dev/cgroup/release_agent
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# echo "/sbin/new_release_agent" > /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1/release_agent
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It can also be changed via remount.
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If you want to create a new cgroup under /dev/cgroup:
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# cd /dev/cgroup
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If you want to create a new cgroup under /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1:
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# cd /sys/fs/cgroup/rg1
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# mkdir my_cgroup
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Now you want to do something with this cgroup.
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@ -10,26 +10,25 @@ directly present in its group.
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Accounting groups can be created by first mounting the cgroup filesystem.
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# mkdir /cgroups
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# mount -t cgroup -ocpuacct none /cgroups
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# mount -t cgroup -ocpuacct none /sys/fs/cgroup
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With the above step, the initial or the parent accounting group
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becomes visible at /cgroups. At bootup, this group includes all the
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tasks in the system. /cgroups/tasks lists the tasks in this cgroup.
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/cgroups/cpuacct.usage gives the CPU time (in nanoseconds) obtained by
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this group which is essentially the CPU time obtained by all the tasks
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With the above step, the initial or the parent accounting group becomes
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visible at /sys/fs/cgroup. At bootup, this group includes all the tasks in
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the system. /sys/fs/cgroup/tasks lists the tasks in this cgroup.
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/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct.usage gives the CPU time (in nanoseconds) obtained
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by this group which is essentially the CPU time obtained by all the tasks
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in the system.
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New accounting groups can be created under the parent group /cgroups.
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New accounting groups can be created under the parent group /sys/fs/cgroup.
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# cd /cgroups
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# cd /sys/fs/cgroup
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# mkdir g1
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# echo $$ > g1
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The above steps create a new group g1 and move the current shell
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process (bash) into it. CPU time consumed by this bash and its children
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can be obtained from g1/cpuacct.usage and the same is accumulated in
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/cgroups/cpuacct.usage also.
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/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuacct.usage also.
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cpuacct.stat file lists a few statistics which further divide the
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CPU time obtained by the cgroup into user and system times. Currently
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@ -661,21 +661,21 @@ than stress the kernel.
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To start a new job that is to be contained within a cpuset, the steps are:
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1) mkdir /dev/cpuset
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2) mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /dev/cpuset
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1) mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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2) mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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3) Create the new cpuset by doing mkdir's and write's (or echo's) in
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the /dev/cpuset virtual file system.
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the /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset virtual file system.
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4) Start a task that will be the "founding father" of the new job.
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5) Attach that task to the new cpuset by writing its pid to the
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/dev/cpuset tasks file for that cpuset.
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/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset tasks file for that cpuset.
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6) fork, exec or clone the job tasks from this founding father task.
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For example, the following sequence of commands will setup a cpuset
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named "Charlie", containing just CPUs 2 and 3, and Memory Node 1,
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and then start a subshell 'sh' in that cpuset:
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mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /dev/cpuset
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cd /dev/cpuset
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mount -t cgroup -ocpuset cpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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mkdir Charlie
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cd Charlie
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/bin/echo 2-3 > cpuset.cpus
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@ -710,14 +710,14 @@ Creating, modifying, using the cpusets can be done through the cpuset
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virtual filesystem.
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To mount it, type:
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# mount -t cgroup -o cpuset cpuset /dev/cpuset
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# mount -t cgroup -o cpuset cpuset /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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Then under /dev/cpuset you can find a tree that corresponds to the
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tree of the cpusets in the system. For instance, /dev/cpuset
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Then under /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset you can find a tree that corresponds to the
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tree of the cpusets in the system. For instance, /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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is the cpuset that holds the whole system.
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If you want to create a new cpuset under /dev/cpuset:
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# cd /dev/cpuset
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If you want to create a new cpuset under /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset:
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# cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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# mkdir my_cpuset
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Now you want to do something with this cpuset.
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@ -765,12 +765,12 @@ wrapper around the cgroup filesystem.
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The command
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mount -t cpuset X /dev/cpuset
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mount -t cpuset X /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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is equivalent to
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mount -t cgroup -ocpuset,noprefix X /dev/cpuset
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echo "/sbin/cpuset_release_agent" > /dev/cpuset/release_agent
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mount -t cgroup -ocpuset,noprefix X /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset
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echo "/sbin/cpuset_release_agent" > /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset/release_agent
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2.2 Adding/removing cpus
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------------------------
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@ -22,16 +22,16 @@ removed from the child(ren).
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An entry is added using devices.allow, and removed using
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devices.deny. For instance
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echo 'c 1:3 mr' > /cgroups/1/devices.allow
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echo 'c 1:3 mr' > /sys/fs/cgroup/1/devices.allow
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allows cgroup 1 to read and mknod the device usually known as
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/dev/null. Doing
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echo a > /cgroups/1/devices.deny
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echo a > /sys/fs/cgroup/1/devices.deny
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will remove the default 'a *:* rwm' entry. Doing
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echo a > /cgroups/1/devices.allow
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echo a > /sys/fs/cgroup/1/devices.allow
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will add the 'a *:* rwm' entry to the whitelist.
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@ -59,28 +59,28 @@ is non-freezable.
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* Examples of usage :
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# mkdir /containers
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# mount -t cgroup -ofreezer freezer /containers
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# mkdir /containers/0
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# echo $some_pid > /containers/0/tasks
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# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer
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# mount -t cgroup -ofreezer freezer /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer
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# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0
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# echo $some_pid > /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/tasks
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to get status of the freezer subsystem :
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# cat /containers/0/freezer.state
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# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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THAWED
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to freeze all tasks in the container :
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# echo FROZEN > /containers/0/freezer.state
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# cat /containers/0/freezer.state
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# echo FROZEN > /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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FREEZING
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# cat /containers/0/freezer.state
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# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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FROZEN
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to unfreeze all tasks in the container :
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# echo THAWED > /containers/0/freezer.state
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# cat /containers/0/freezer.state
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# echo THAWED > /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer/0/freezer.state
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THAWED
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This is the basic mechanism which should do the right thing for user space task
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@ -264,16 +264,17 @@ b. Enable CONFIG_RESOURCE_COUNTERS
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c. Enable CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
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d. Enable CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP (to use swap extension)
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1. Prepare the cgroups
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# mkdir -p /cgroups
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# mount -t cgroup none /cgroups -o memory
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1. Prepare the cgroups (see cgroups.txt, Why are cgroups needed?)
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# mount -t tmpfs none /sys/fs/cgroup
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# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory
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# mount -t cgroup none /sys/fs/cgroup/memory -o memory
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2. Make the new group and move bash into it
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# mkdir /cgroups/0
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# echo $$ > /cgroups/0/tasks
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# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/0
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# echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/0/tasks
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Since now we're in the 0 cgroup, we can alter the memory limit:
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# echo 4M > /cgroups/0/memory.limit_in_bytes
|
||||
# echo 4M > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/0/memory.limit_in_bytes
|
||||
|
||||
NOTE: We can use a suffix (k, K, m, M, g or G) to indicate values in kilo,
|
||||
mega or gigabytes. (Here, Kilo, Mega, Giga are Kibibytes, Mebibytes, Gibibytes.)
|
||||
@ -281,11 +282,11 @@ mega or gigabytes. (Here, Kilo, Mega, Giga are Kibibytes, Mebibytes, Gibibytes.)
|
||||
NOTE: We can write "-1" to reset the *.limit_in_bytes(unlimited).
|
||||
NOTE: We cannot set limits on the root cgroup any more.
|
||||
|
||||
# cat /cgroups/0/memory.limit_in_bytes
|
||||
# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/0/memory.limit_in_bytes
|
||||
4194304
|
||||
|
||||
We can check the usage:
|
||||
# cat /cgroups/0/memory.usage_in_bytes
|
||||
# cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/0/memory.usage_in_bytes
|
||||
1216512
|
||||
|
||||
A successful write to this file does not guarantee a successful set of
|
||||
|
||||
@ -223,9 +223,10 @@ When CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED is defined, a "cpu.shares" file is created for each
|
||||
group created using the pseudo filesystem. See example steps below to create
|
||||
task groups and modify their CPU share using the "cgroups" pseudo filesystem.
|
||||
|
||||
# mkdir /dev/cpuctl
|
||||
# mount -t cgroup -ocpu none /dev/cpuctl
|
||||
# cd /dev/cpuctl
|
||||
# mount -t tmpfs cgroup_root /sys/fs/cgroup
|
||||
# mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu
|
||||
# mount -t cgroup -ocpu none /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu
|
||||
# cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu
|
||||
|
||||
# mkdir multimedia # create "multimedia" group of tasks
|
||||
# mkdir browser # create "browser" group of tasks
|
||||
|
||||
@ -129,9 +129,8 @@ priority!
|
||||
Enabling CONFIG_RT_GROUP_SCHED lets you explicitly allocate real
|
||||
CPU bandwidth to task groups.
|
||||
|
||||
This uses the /cgroup virtual file system and
|
||||
"/cgroup/<cgroup>/cpu.rt_runtime_us" to control the CPU time reserved for each
|
||||
control group.
|
||||
This uses the cgroup virtual file system and "<cgroup>/cpu.rt_runtime_us"
|
||||
to control the CPU time reserved for each control group.
|
||||
|
||||
For more information on working with control groups, you should read
|
||||
Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt as well.
|
||||
@ -150,7 +149,7 @@ For now, this can be simplified to just the following (but see Future plans):
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
There is work in progress to make the scheduling period for each group
|
||||
("/cgroup/<cgroup>/cpu.rt_period_us") configurable as well.
|
||||
("<cgroup>/cpu.rt_period_us") configurable as well.
|
||||
|
||||
The constraint on the period is that a subgroup must have a smaller or
|
||||
equal period to its parent. But realistically its not very useful _yet_
|
||||
|
||||
@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ Limit injection to pages owned by memgroup. Specified by inode number
|
||||
of the memcg.
|
||||
|
||||
Example:
|
||||
mkdir /cgroup/hwpoison
|
||||
mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/mem/hwpoison
|
||||
|
||||
usemem -m 100 -s 1000 &
|
||||
echo `jobs -p` > /cgroup/hwpoison/tasks
|
||||
echo `jobs -p` > /sys/fs/cgroup/mem/hwpoison/tasks
|
||||
|
||||
memcg_ino=$(ls -id /cgroup/hwpoison | cut -f1 -d' ')
|
||||
memcg_ino=$(ls -id /sys/fs/cgroup/mem/hwpoison | cut -f1 -d' ')
|
||||
echo $memcg_ino > /debug/hwpoison/corrupt-filter-memcg
|
||||
|
||||
page-types -p `pidof init` --hwpoison # shall do nothing
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user