diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/freescale/fsl,scu.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/freescale/fsl,scu.txt
index f378922906f6..a575e42f7fec 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/freescale/fsl,scu.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/freescale/fsl,scu.txt
@@ -145,6 +145,16 @@ Optional Child nodes:
 - Data cells of ocotp:
   Detailed bindings are described in bindings/nvmem/nvmem.txt
 
+Watchdog bindings based on SCU Message Protocol
+------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Required properties:
+- compatible: should be:
+              "fsl,imx8qxp-sc-wdt"
+              followed by "fsl,imx-sc-wdt";
+Optional properties:
+- timeout-sec: contains the watchdog timeout in seconds.
+
 Example (imx8qxp):
 -------------
 aliases {
@@ -207,6 +217,11 @@ firmware {
 		rtc: rtc {
 			compatible = "fsl,imx8qxp-sc-rtc";
 		};
+
+		watchdog {
+			compatible = "fsl,imx8qxp-sc-wdt", "fsl,imx-sc-wdt";
+			timeout-sec = <60>;
+		};
 	};
 };
 
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/fsl-imx-sc-wdt.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/fsl-imx-sc-wdt.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 02b87e92ae68..000000000000
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/fsl-imx-sc-wdt.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-* Freescale i.MX System Controller Watchdog
-
-i.MX system controller watchdog is for i.MX SoCs with system controller inside,
-the watchdog is managed by system controller, users can ONLY communicate with
-system controller from secure mode for watchdog operations, so Linux i.MX system
-controller watchdog driver will call ARM SMC API and trap into ARM-Trusted-Firmware
-for watchdog operations, ARM-Trusted-Firmware is running at secure EL3 mode and
-it will request system controller to execute the watchdog operation passed from
-Linux kernel.
-
-Required properties:
-- compatible:	Should be :
-		"fsl,imx8qxp-sc-wdt"
-		followed by "fsl,imx-sc-wdt";
-
-Optional properties:
-- timeout-sec : Contains the watchdog timeout in seconds.
-
-Examples:
-
-watchdog {
-	compatible = "fsl,imx8qxp-sc-wdt", "fsl,imx-sc-wdt";
-	timeout-sec = <60>;
-};
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/renesas-wdt.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/renesas,wdt.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/renesas-wdt.txt
rename to Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/renesas,wdt.txt
diff --git a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/sunxi-wdt.txt b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/sunxi-wdt.txt
index 46055254e8dd..e65198d82a2b 100644
--- a/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/sunxi-wdt.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/watchdog/sunxi-wdt.txt
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ Required properties:
 	"allwinner,sun4i-a10-wdt"
 	"allwinner,sun6i-a31-wdt"
 	"allwinner,sun50i-a64-wdt","allwinner,sun6i-a31-wdt"
+	"allwinner,sun50i-h6-wdt","allwinner,sun6i-a31-wdt"
 	"allwinner,suniv-f1c100s-wdt", "allwinner,sun4i-a10-wdt"
 - reg : Specifies base physical address and size of the registers.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/hpwdt.rst b/Documentation/watchdog/hpwdt.rst
index 94a96371113e..c165d92cfd12 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/hpwdt.rst
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/hpwdt.rst
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ Last reviewed: 08/20/2018
                Default value is set when compiling the kernel. If it is set
                to "Y", then there is no way of disabling the watchdog once
                it has been started.
+ kdumptimeout  Minimum timeout in seconds to apply upon receipt of an NMI
+               before calling panic. (-1) disables the watchdog.  When value
+               is > 0, the timer is reprogrammed with the greater of
+               value or current timeout value.
  ============  ================================================================
 
  NOTE:
diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.rst b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.rst
index b121caae7798..a3985cc5aeda 100644
--- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.rst
+++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-parameters.rst
@@ -13,6 +13,17 @@ modules.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 
+watchdog core:
+    open_timeout:
+	Maximum time, in seconds, for which the watchdog framework will take
+	care of pinging a running hardware watchdog until userspace opens the
+	corresponding /dev/watchdogN device. A value of 0 means an infinite
+	timeout. Setting this to a non-zero value can be useful to ensure that
+	either userspace comes up properly, or the board gets reset and allows
+	fallback logic in the bootloader to try something else.
+
+-------------------------------------------------
+
 acquirewdt:
     wdt_stop:
 	Acquire WDT 'stop' io port (default 0x43)
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig b/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
index 6cad0b33d7ad..8188963a405b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/Kconfig
@@ -58,6 +58,15 @@ config WATCHDOG_HANDLE_BOOT_ENABLED
 	  the watchdog on its own. Thus if your userspace does not start fast
 	  enough your device will reboot.
 
+config WATCHDOG_OPEN_TIMEOUT
+	int "Timeout value for opening watchdog device"
+	default 0
+	help
+	  The maximum time, in seconds, for which the watchdog framework takes
+	  care of pinging a hardware watchdog.  A value of 0 means infinite. The
+	  value set here can be overridden by the commandline parameter
+	  "watchdog.open_timeout".
+
 config WATCHDOG_SYSFS
 	bool "Read different watchdog information through sysfs"
 	help
@@ -717,6 +726,7 @@ config IMX2_WDT
 config IMX_SC_WDT
 	tristate "IMX SC Watchdog"
 	depends on HAVE_ARM_SMCCC
+	depends on IMX_SCU
 	select WATCHDOG_CORE
 	help
 	  This is the driver for the system controller watchdog
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c
index 957d1255d4ca..848db958411e 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/acquirewdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Acquire Single Board Computer Watchdog Timer driver
  *
@@ -6,11 +7,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c
index 2766af292a71..0d02bb275b3d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/advantechwdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Advantech Single Board Computer WDT driver
  *
@@ -9,11 +10,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/aspeed_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/aspeed_wdt.c
index f0148637e5dd..cc71861e033a 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/aspeed_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/aspeed_wdt.c
@@ -309,13 +309,7 @@ static int aspeed_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	if (status & WDT_TIMEOUT_STATUS_BOOT_SECONDARY)
 		wdt->wdd.bootstatus = WDIOF_CARDRESET;
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register\n");
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
 }
 
 static struct platform_driver aspeed_watchdog_driver = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/bcm2835_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/bcm2835_wdt.c
index 560c1c54c177..dec6ca019bea 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/bcm2835_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/bcm2835_wdt.c
@@ -202,10 +202,8 @@ static int bcm2835_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&bcm2835_wdt_wdd);
 	err = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &bcm2835_wdt_wdd);
-	if (err) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device");
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	if (pm_power_off == NULL) {
 		pm_power_off = bcm2835_power_off;
@@ -240,6 +238,7 @@ module_param(nowayout, bool, 0);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout, "Watchdog cannot be stopped once started (default="
 				__MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")");
 
+MODULE_ALIAS("platform:bcm2835-wdt");
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Lubomir Rintel <lkundrak@v3.sk>");
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver for Broadcom BCM2835 watchdog timer");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/bcm7038_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/bcm7038_wdt.c
index d3d88f6703d7..979caa18d3c8 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/bcm7038_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/bcm7038_wdt.c
@@ -159,10 +159,8 @@ static int bcm7038_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&wdt->wdd);
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(&wdt->wdd);
 	err = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
-	if (err) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "Registered BCM7038 Watchdog\n");
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/bcm_kona_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/bcm_kona_wdt.c
index 921291025680..eb850a8d19df 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/bcm_kona_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/bcm_kona_wdt.c
@@ -301,10 +301,8 @@ static int bcm_kona_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&bcm_kona_wdt_wdd);
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(&bcm_kona_wdt_wdd);
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &bcm_kona_wdt_wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	bcm_kona_wdt_debug_init(pdev);
 	dev_dbg(dev, "Broadcom Kona Watchdog Timer");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/cadence_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/cadence_wdt.c
index a22f2d431a35..f8d4e91d0383 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/cadence_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/cadence_wdt.c
@@ -363,10 +363,8 @@ static int cdns_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(cdns_wdt_device);
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(cdns_wdt_device);
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, cdns_wdt_device);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register wdt device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 
 	dev_info(dev, "Xilinx Watchdog Timer at %p with timeout %ds%s\n",
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/da9052_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/da9052_wdt.c
index a2feef1ff307..d708c091bf1b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/da9052_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/da9052_wdt.c
@@ -176,14 +176,7 @@ static int da9052_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		return ret;
 	}
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &driver_data->wdt);
-	if (ret != 0) {
-		dev_err(da9052->dev, "watchdog_register_device() failed: %d\n",
-			ret);
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return ret;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &driver_data->wdt);
 }
 
 static struct platform_driver da9052_wdt_driver = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/da9062_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/da9062_wdt.c
index aac749cfaccb..e149e66a6ea9 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/da9062_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/da9062_wdt.c
@@ -214,11 +214,8 @@ static int da9062_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_drvdata(&wdt->wdtdev, wdt);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdtdev);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		dev_err(wdt->hw->dev,
-			"watchdog registration failed (%d)\n", ret);
+	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	return da9062_wdt_ping(&wdt->wdtdev);
 }
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/davinci_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/davinci_wdt.c
index 7b2ee35b5ffd..2b3f3cd382ef 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/davinci_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/davinci_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * drivers/char/watchdog/davinci_wdt.c
  *
@@ -5,10 +6,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2013 Texas Instruments.
  *
- * 2007 (c) MontaVista Software, Inc. This file is licensed under
- * the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2. This program
- * is licensed "as is" without any warranty of any kind, whether express
- * or implied.
+ * 2007 (c) MontaVista Software, Inc.
  */
 
 #include <linux/module.h>
@@ -247,13 +245,7 @@ static int davinci_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	if (IS_ERR(davinci_wdt->base))
 		return PTR_ERR(davinci_wdt->base);
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device\n");
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
 }
 
 static const struct of_device_id davinci_wdt_of_match[] = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/digicolor_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/digicolor_wdt.c
index 8af6e9a67d0d..073d37867f47 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/digicolor_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/digicolor_wdt.c
@@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ static int dc_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
 	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
 	struct dc_wdt *wdt;
-	int ret;
 
 	wdt = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(struct dc_wdt), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!wdt)
@@ -141,13 +140,7 @@ static int dc_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_restart_priority(&dc_wdt_wdd, 128);
 	watchdog_init_timeout(&dc_wdt_wdd, timeout, dev);
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&dc_wdt_wdd);
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &dc_wdt_wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device");
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &dc_wdt_wdd);
 }
 
 static const struct of_device_id dc_wdt_of_match[] = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ebc-c384_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ebc-c384_wdt.c
index c176f59fea28..8ef4b0df3855 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ebc-c384_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ebc-c384_wdt.c
@@ -2,15 +2,6 @@
 /*
  * Watchdog timer driver for the WinSystems EBC-C384
  * Copyright (C) 2016 William Breathitt Gray
- *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * General Public License for more details.
  */
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/dmi.h>
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c
index 89129e6fa9b6..3a83a48abcae 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/eurotechwdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Eurotech CPU-1220/1410/1420 on board WDT driver
  *
@@ -11,11 +12,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996-1997 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ftwdt010_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ftwdt010_wdt.c
index d9626ef9b9ae..21dcc7765688 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ftwdt010_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ftwdt010_wdt.c
@@ -165,10 +165,8 @@ static int ftwdt010_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	}
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &gwdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	/* Set up platform driver data */
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, gwdt);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/gpio_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/gpio_wdt.c
index 777de10f2a78..0923201ce874 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/gpio_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/gpio_wdt.c
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>
 
+static bool nowayout = WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT;
+module_param(nowayout, bool, 0);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout,
+		"Watchdog cannot be stopped once started (default="
+				__MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")");
+
 #define SOFT_TIMEOUT_MIN	1
 #define SOFT_TIMEOUT_DEF	60
 
@@ -151,6 +157,7 @@ static int gpio_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	priv->wdd.timeout	= SOFT_TIMEOUT_DEF;
 
 	watchdog_init_timeout(&priv->wdd, 0, dev);
+	watchdog_set_nowayout(&priv->wdd, nowayout);
 
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&priv->wdd);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
index 8a90f159ffb1..7d34bcf1c45b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/hpwdt.c
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@
 #include <linux/watchdog.h>
 #include <asm/nmi.h>
 
-#define HPWDT_VERSION			"2.0.2"
+#define HPWDT_VERSION			"2.0.3"
 #define SECS_TO_TICKS(secs)		((secs) * 1000 / 128)
 #define TICKS_TO_SECS(ticks)		((ticks) * 128 / 1000)
-#define HPWDT_MAX_TIMER			TICKS_TO_SECS(65535)
+#define HPWDT_MAX_TICKS			65535
+#define HPWDT_MAX_TIMER			TICKS_TO_SECS(HPWDT_MAX_TICKS)
 #define DEFAULT_MARGIN			30
 #define PRETIMEOUT_SEC			9
 
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ static bool ilo5;
 static unsigned int soft_margin = DEFAULT_MARGIN;	/* in seconds */
 static bool nowayout = WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT;
 static bool pretimeout = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HPWDT_NMI_DECODING);
+static int kdumptimeout = -1;
 
 static void __iomem *pci_mem_addr;		/* the PCI-memory address */
 static unsigned long __iomem *hpwdt_nmistat;
@@ -52,15 +54,21 @@ static const struct pci_device_id hpwdt_blacklist[] = {
 	{0},			/* terminate list */
 };
 
+static struct watchdog_device hpwdt_dev;
 /*
  *	Watchdog operations
  */
+static int hpwdt_hw_is_running(void)
+{
+	return ioread8(hpwdt_timer_con) & 0x01;
+}
+
 static int hpwdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	int control = 0x81 | (pretimeout ? 0x4 : 0);
-	int reload = SECS_TO_TICKS(wdd->timeout);
+	int reload = SECS_TO_TICKS(min(wdd->timeout, wdd->max_hw_heartbeat_ms/1000));
 
-	dev_dbg(wdd->parent, "start watchdog 0x%08x:0x%02x\n", reload, control);
+	dev_dbg(wdd->parent, "start watchdog 0x%08x:0x%08x:0x%02x\n", wdd->timeout, reload, control);
 	iowrite16(reload, hpwdt_timer_reg);
 	iowrite8(control, hpwdt_timer_con);
 
@@ -85,12 +93,18 @@ static int hpwdt_stop_core(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void hpwdt_ping_ticks(int val)
+{
+	val = min(val, HPWDT_MAX_TICKS);
+	iowrite16(val, hpwdt_timer_reg);
+}
+
 static int hpwdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
-	int reload = SECS_TO_TICKS(wdd->timeout);
+	int reload = SECS_TO_TICKS(min(wdd->timeout, wdd->max_hw_heartbeat_ms/1000));
 
-	dev_dbg(wdd->parent, "ping  watchdog 0x%08x\n", reload);
-	iowrite16(reload, hpwdt_timer_reg);
+	dev_dbg(wdd->parent, "ping  watchdog 0x%08x:0x%08x\n", wdd->timeout, reload);
+	hpwdt_ping_ticks(reload);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -166,7 +180,14 @@ static int hpwdt_pretimeout(unsigned int ulReason, struct pt_regs *regs)
 	if (ilo5 && !pretimeout && !mynmi)
 		return NMI_DONE;
 
-	hpwdt_stop();
+	if (kdumptimeout < 0)
+		hpwdt_stop();
+	else if (kdumptimeout == 0)
+		;
+	else {
+		unsigned int val = max((unsigned int)kdumptimeout, hpwdt_dev.timeout);
+		hpwdt_ping_ticks(SECS_TO_TICKS(val));
+	}
 
 	hex_byte_pack(panic_msg, mynmi);
 	nmi_panic(regs, panic_msg);
@@ -204,9 +225,9 @@ static struct watchdog_device hpwdt_dev = {
 	.info		= &ident,
 	.ops		= &hpwdt_ops,
 	.min_timeout	= 1,
-	.max_timeout	= HPWDT_MAX_TIMER,
 	.timeout	= DEFAULT_MARGIN,
 	.pretimeout	= PRETIMEOUT_SEC,
+	.max_hw_heartbeat_ms	= HPWDT_MAX_TIMER * 1000,
 };
 
 
@@ -298,14 +319,18 @@ static int hpwdt_init_one(struct pci_dev *dev,
 	hpwdt_timer_reg = pci_mem_addr + 0x70;
 	hpwdt_timer_con = pci_mem_addr + 0x72;
 
-	/* Make sure that timer is disabled until /dev/watchdog is opened */
-	hpwdt_stop();
+	/* Have the core update running timer until user space is ready */
+	if (hpwdt_hw_is_running()) {
+		dev_info(&dev->dev, "timer is running\n");
+		set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &hpwdt_dev.status);
+	}
 
 	/* Initialize NMI Decoding functionality */
 	retval = hpwdt_init_nmi_decoding(dev);
 	if (retval != 0)
 		goto error_init_nmi_decoding;
 
+	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(&hpwdt_dev);
 	watchdog_set_nowayout(&hpwdt_dev, nowayout);
 	watchdog_init_timeout(&hpwdt_dev, soft_margin, NULL);
 
@@ -314,13 +339,12 @@ static int hpwdt_init_one(struct pci_dev *dev,
 		pretimeout = 0;
 	}
 	hpwdt_dev.pretimeout = pretimeout ? PRETIMEOUT_SEC : 0;
+	kdumptimeout = min(kdumptimeout, HPWDT_MAX_TIMER);
 
 	hpwdt_dev.parent = &dev->dev;
 	retval = watchdog_register_device(&hpwdt_dev);
-	if (retval < 0) {
-		dev_err(&dev->dev, "watchdog register failed: %d.\n", retval);
+	if (retval < 0)
 		goto error_wd_register;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(&dev->dev, "HPE Watchdog Timer Driver: Version: %s\n",
 				HPWDT_VERSION);
@@ -328,6 +352,7 @@ static int hpwdt_init_one(struct pci_dev *dev,
 				hpwdt_dev.timeout, nowayout);
 	dev_info(&dev->dev, "pretimeout: %s.\n",
 				pretimeout ? "on" : "off");
+	dev_info(&dev->dev, "kdumptimeout: %d.\n", kdumptimeout);
 
 	if (dev->subsystem_vendor == PCI_VENDOR_ID_HP_3PAR)
 		ilo5 = true;
@@ -345,9 +370,6 @@ error_pci_iomap:
 
 static void hpwdt_exit(struct pci_dev *dev)
 {
-	if (!nowayout)
-		hpwdt_stop();
-
 	watchdog_unregister_device(&hpwdt_dev);
 	hpwdt_exit_nmi_decoding();
 	pci_iounmap(dev, pci_mem_addr);
@@ -376,6 +398,9 @@ module_param(nowayout, bool, 0);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout, "Watchdog cannot be stopped once started (default="
 		__MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")");
 
+module_param(kdumptimeout, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(kdumptimeout, "Timeout applied for crash kernel transition in seconds");
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_HPWDT_NMI_DECODING
 module_param(pretimeout, bool, 0);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pretimeout, "Watchdog pretimeout enabled");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/i6300esb.c b/drivers/watchdog/i6300esb.c
index f98f35a05896..a30835f547b3 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/i6300esb.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/i6300esb.c
@@ -315,11 +315,8 @@ static int esb_probe(struct pci_dev *pdev,
 
 	/* Register the watchdog so that userspace has access to it */
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&edev->wdd);
-	if (ret != 0) {
-		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
-			"cannot register watchdog device (err=%d)\n", ret);
+	if (ret != 0)
 		goto err_unmap;
-	}
 	dev_info(&pdev->dev,
 		"initialized. heartbeat=%d sec (nowayout=%d)\n",
 		edev->wdd.timeout, nowayout);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_vendor_support.c b/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_vendor_support.c
index 68a9d9cc2eb8..4f1b96f59349 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_vendor_support.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_vendor_support.c
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	intel TCO vendor specific watchdog driver support
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 2006-2009 Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. admit liability nor
  *	provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
  *	provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
@@ -216,4 +212,3 @@ MODULE_AUTHOR("Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>, "
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Intel TCO Vendor Specific WatchDog Timer Driver Support");
 MODULE_VERSION(DRV_VERSION);
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
-
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_wdt.c
index 89cea6ce9a08..c559f706ae7e 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/iTCO_wdt.c
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	intel TCO Watchdog Driver
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 2006-2011 Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. admit liability nor
  *	provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
  *	provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c
index 30d6cec582af..92fd7f33bc4d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ib700wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	IB700 Single Board Computer WDT driver
  *
@@ -14,11 +15,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ie6xx_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ie6xx_wdt.c
index 508fbefce9f6..8f28993fab8b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ie6xx_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ie6xx_wdt.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(resetmode,
 
 static struct {
 	unsigned short sch_wdtba;
-	struct spinlock unlock_sequence;
+	spinlock_t unlock_sequence;
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
 	struct dentry *debugfs;
 #endif
@@ -254,12 +254,8 @@ static int ie6xx_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	ie6xx_wdt_debugfs_init();
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&ie6xx_wdt_dev);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
-			"Watchdog timer: cannot register device (err =%d)\n",
-									ret);
+	if (ret)
 		goto misc_register_error;
-	}
 
 	return 0;
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
index a606005dd65f..32af3974e6bb 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/imx2_wdt.c
@@ -316,10 +316,8 @@ static int __init imx2_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	regmap_write(wdev->regmap, IMX2_WDT_WMCR, 0);
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(wdog);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		goto disable_clk;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(&pdev->dev, "timeout %d sec (nowayout=%d)\n",
 		 wdog->timeout, nowayout);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/imx_sc_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/imx_sc_wdt.c
index 49848b66186c..78eaaf75a263 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/imx_sc_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/imx_sc_wdt.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <linux/arm-smccc.h>
+#include <linux/firmware/imx/sci.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
@@ -33,11 +34,19 @@
 
 #define SC_TIMER_WDOG_ACTION_PARTITION	0
 
+#define SC_IRQ_WDOG			1
+#define SC_IRQ_GROUP_WDOG		1
+
 static bool nowayout = WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT;
 module_param(nowayout, bool, 0000);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout, "Watchdog cannot be stopped once started (default="
 		 __MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")");
 
+struct imx_sc_wdt_device {
+	struct watchdog_device wdd;
+	struct notifier_block wdt_notifier;
+};
+
 static int imx_sc_wdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdog)
 {
 	struct arm_smccc_res res;
@@ -85,24 +94,66 @@ static int imx_sc_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdog,
 	return res.a0 ? -EACCES : 0;
 }
 
+static int imx_sc_wdt_set_pretimeout(struct watchdog_device *wdog,
+				     unsigned int pretimeout)
+{
+	struct arm_smccc_res res;
+
+	arm_smccc_smc(IMX_SIP_TIMER, IMX_SIP_TIMER_SET_PRETIME_WDOG,
+		      pretimeout * 1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &res);
+	if (res.a0)
+		return -EACCES;
+
+	wdog->pretimeout = pretimeout;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int imx_sc_wdt_notify(struct notifier_block *nb,
+			     unsigned long event, void *group)
+{
+	struct imx_sc_wdt_device *imx_sc_wdd =
+				 container_of(nb,
+					      struct imx_sc_wdt_device,
+					      wdt_notifier);
+
+	if (event & SC_IRQ_WDOG &&
+	    *(u8 *)group == SC_IRQ_GROUP_WDOG)
+		watchdog_notify_pretimeout(&imx_sc_wdd->wdd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void imx_sc_wdt_action(void *data)
+{
+	struct notifier_block *wdt_notifier = data;
+
+	imx_scu_irq_unregister_notifier(wdt_notifier);
+	imx_scu_irq_group_enable(SC_IRQ_GROUP_WDOG,
+				 SC_IRQ_WDOG,
+				 false);
+}
+
 static const struct watchdog_ops imx_sc_wdt_ops = {
 	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
 	.start = imx_sc_wdt_start,
 	.stop  = imx_sc_wdt_stop,
 	.ping  = imx_sc_wdt_ping,
 	.set_timeout = imx_sc_wdt_set_timeout,
+	.set_pretimeout = imx_sc_wdt_set_pretimeout,
 };
 
-static const struct watchdog_info imx_sc_wdt_info = {
+static struct watchdog_info imx_sc_wdt_info = {
 	.identity	= "i.MX SC watchdog timer",
 	.options	= WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT | WDIOF_KEEPALIVEPING |
-			  WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE | WDIOF_PRETIMEOUT,
+			  WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE,
 };
 
 static int imx_sc_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
+	struct imx_sc_wdt_device *imx_sc_wdd;
+	struct watchdog_device *wdog;
 	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
-	struct watchdog_device *imx_sc_wdd;
 	int ret;
 
 	imx_sc_wdd = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*imx_sc_wdd), GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -111,42 +162,70 @@ static int imx_sc_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, imx_sc_wdd);
 
-	imx_sc_wdd->info = &imx_sc_wdt_info;
-	imx_sc_wdd->ops = &imx_sc_wdt_ops;
-	imx_sc_wdd->min_timeout = 1;
-	imx_sc_wdd->max_timeout = MAX_TIMEOUT;
-	imx_sc_wdd->parent = dev;
-	imx_sc_wdd->timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT;
+	wdog = &imx_sc_wdd->wdd;
+	wdog->info = &imx_sc_wdt_info;
+	wdog->ops = &imx_sc_wdt_ops;
+	wdog->min_timeout = 1;
+	wdog->max_timeout = MAX_TIMEOUT;
+	wdog->parent = dev;
+	wdog->timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT;
 
-	watchdog_init_timeout(imx_sc_wdd, 0, dev);
-	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(imx_sc_wdd);
-	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(imx_sc_wdd);
+	watchdog_init_timeout(wdog, 0, dev);
+	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(wdog);
+	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(wdog);
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, imx_sc_wdd);
+	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdog);
+ 
+ 	if (ret) {
+ 		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device\n");
+ 		return ret;
+ 	}
+ 
+	ret = imx_scu_irq_group_enable(SC_IRQ_GROUP_WDOG,
+				       SC_IRQ_WDOG,
+				       true);
 	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device\n");
-		return ret;
+		dev_warn(dev, "Enable irq failed, pretimeout NOT supported\n");
+		return 0;
 	}
 
+	imx_sc_wdd->wdt_notifier.notifier_call = imx_sc_wdt_notify;
+	ret = imx_scu_irq_register_notifier(&imx_sc_wdd->wdt_notifier);
+	if (ret) {
+		imx_scu_irq_group_enable(SC_IRQ_GROUP_WDOG,
+					 SC_IRQ_WDOG,
+					 false);
+		dev_warn(dev,
+			 "Register irq notifier failed, pretimeout NOT supported\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ret = devm_add_action_or_reset(dev, imx_sc_wdt_action,
+				       &imx_sc_wdd->wdt_notifier);
+	if (!ret)
+		imx_sc_wdt_info.options |= WDIOF_PRETIMEOUT;
+	else
+		dev_warn(dev, "Add action failed, pretimeout NOT supported\n");
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __maybe_unused imx_sc_wdt_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
-	struct watchdog_device *imx_sc_wdd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct imx_sc_wdt_device *imx_sc_wdd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
-	if (watchdog_active(imx_sc_wdd))
-		imx_sc_wdt_stop(imx_sc_wdd);
+	if (watchdog_active(&imx_sc_wdd->wdd))
+		imx_sc_wdt_stop(&imx_sc_wdd->wdd);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int __maybe_unused imx_sc_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
 {
-	struct watchdog_device *imx_sc_wdd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct imx_sc_wdt_device *imx_sc_wdd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
-	if (watchdog_active(imx_sc_wdd))
-		imx_sc_wdt_start(imx_sc_wdd);
+	if (watchdog_active(&imx_sc_wdd->wdd))
+		imx_sc_wdt_start(&imx_sc_wdd->wdd);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/intel-mid_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/intel-mid_wdt.c
index b2463f8276e6..2cdbd37c700c 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/intel-mid_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/intel-mid_wdt.c
@@ -161,10 +161,8 @@ static int mid_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &wdt_dev->status);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdt_dev);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "error registering watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "Intel MID watchdog device probed\n");
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/jz4740_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/jz4740_wdt.c
index 313358b2e0b1..d4a90916dd38 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/jz4740_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/jz4740_wdt.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  *  JZ4740 Watchdog driver
  */
 
+#include <linux/mfd/ingenic-tcu.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
@@ -19,23 +20,16 @@
 
 #include <asm/mach-jz4740/timer.h>
 
-#define JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_DATA     0x0
-#define JZ_REG_WDT_COUNTER_ENABLE 0x4
-#define JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_COUNTER  0x8
-#define JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_CONTROL  0xC
-
 #define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_PCLK 0x1
 #define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_RTC  0x2
 #define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_EXT  0x4
 
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT   3
-
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_1    (0 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_4    (1 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_16   (2 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_64   (3 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_256  (4 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
-#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_1024 (5 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_1    (0 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_4    (1 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_16   (2 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_64   (3 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_256  (4 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
+#define JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_1024 (5 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB)
 
 #define DEFAULT_HEARTBEAT 5
 #define MAX_HEARTBEAT     2048
@@ -63,7 +57,7 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev)
 {
 	struct jz4740_wdt_drvdata *drvdata = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdt_dev);
 
-	writew(0x0, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_COUNTER);
+	writew(0x0, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCNT);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -74,6 +68,7 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev,
 	unsigned int rtc_clk_rate;
 	unsigned int timeout_value;
 	unsigned short clock_div = JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_1;
+	u8 tcer;
 
 	rtc_clk_rate = clk_get_rate(drvdata->rtc_clk);
 
@@ -86,18 +81,19 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev,
 			break;
 		}
 		timeout_value >>= 2;
-		clock_div += (1 << JZ_WDT_CLOCK_DIV_SHIFT);
+		clock_div += (1 << TCU_TCSR_PRESCALE_LSB);
 	}
 
-	writeb(0x0, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_COUNTER_ENABLE);
-	writew(clock_div, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_CONTROL);
+	tcer = readb(drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
+	writeb(0x0, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
+	writew(clock_div, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCSR);
 
-	writew((u16)timeout_value, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_DATA);
-	writew(0x0, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_COUNTER);
-	writew(clock_div | JZ_WDT_CLOCK_RTC,
-		drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_TIMER_CONTROL);
+	writew((u16)timeout_value, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TDR);
+	writew(0x0, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCNT);
+	writew(clock_div | JZ_WDT_CLOCK_RTC, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCSR);
 
-	writeb(0x1, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_COUNTER_ENABLE);
+	if (tcer & TCU_WDT_TCER_TCEN)
+		writeb(TCU_WDT_TCER_TCEN, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
 
 	wdt_dev->timeout = new_timeout;
 	return 0;
@@ -105,9 +101,18 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev,
 
 static int jz4740_wdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev)
 {
+	struct jz4740_wdt_drvdata *drvdata = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdt_dev);
+	u8 tcer;
+
+	tcer = readb(drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
+
 	jz4740_timer_enable_watchdog();
 	jz4740_wdt_set_timeout(wdt_dev, wdt_dev->timeout);
 
+	/* Start watchdog if it wasn't started already */
+	if (!(tcer & TCU_WDT_TCER_TCEN))
+		writeb(TCU_WDT_TCER_TCEN, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -115,7 +120,7 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdt_dev)
 {
 	struct jz4740_wdt_drvdata *drvdata = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdt_dev);
 
-	writeb(0x0, drvdata->base + JZ_REG_WDT_COUNTER_ENABLE);
+	writeb(0x0, drvdata->base + TCU_REG_WDT_TCER);
 	jz4740_timer_disable_watchdog();
 
 	return 0;
@@ -187,11 +192,7 @@ static int jz4740_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		return PTR_ERR(drvdata->rtc_clk);
 	}
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &drvdata->wdt);
-	if (ret < 0)
-		return ret;
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &drvdata->wdt);
 }
 
 static struct platform_driver jz4740_wdt_driver = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/loongson1_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/loongson1_wdt.c
index c8c2b8a88fc2..bb3d075c0633 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/loongson1_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/loongson1_wdt.c
@@ -132,10 +132,8 @@ static int ls1x_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_drvdata(ls1x_wdt, drvdata);
 
 	err = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &drvdata->wdt);
-	if (err) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (err)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, drvdata);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/max77620_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/max77620_wdt.c
index 9937f9fccd2e..be6a53c30002 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/max77620_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/max77620_wdt.c
@@ -182,13 +182,7 @@ static int max77620_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_drvdata(wdt_dev, wdt);
 
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(wdt_dev);
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdt_dev);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		dev_err(dev, "watchdog registration failed: %d\n", ret);
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdt_dev);
 }
 
 static const struct platform_device_id max77620_wdt_devtype[] = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/mei_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/mei_wdt.c
index 96a770938ff0..5391bf3e6b11 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/mei_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/mei_wdt.c
@@ -384,10 +384,8 @@ static int mei_wdt_register(struct mei_wdt *wdt)
 	watchdog_stop_on_reboot(&wdt->wdd);
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&wdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "unable to register watchdog device = %d.\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		watchdog_set_drvdata(&wdt->wdd, NULL);
-	}
 
 	wdt->state = MEI_WDT_IDLE;
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/mena21_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/mena21_wdt.c
index e9ca4e0e25dc..99d2359d5a8a 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/mena21_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/mena21_wdt.c
@@ -190,10 +190,8 @@ static int a21_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	dev_set_drvdata(dev, drv);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &a21_wdt);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Cannot register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "MEN A21 watchdog timer driver enabled\n");
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/menf21bmc_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/menf21bmc_wdt.c
index 7766d7361d3b..81ebdfc371f4 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/menf21bmc_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/menf21bmc_wdt.c
@@ -152,10 +152,8 @@ static int menf21bmc_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	}
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &drv_data->wdt);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register Watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "MEN 14F021P00 BMC Watchdog device enabled\n");
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/mpc8xxx_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/mpc8xxx_wdt.c
index b6ffad421bd0..3fc457bc16db 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/mpc8xxx_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/mpc8xxx_wdt.c
@@ -201,11 +201,8 @@ static int mpc8xxx_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *ofdev)
 		ddata->wdd.timeout = ddata->wdd.min_timeout;
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &ddata->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device (err=%d)\n",
-			ret);
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev,
 		 "WDT driver for MPC8xxx initialized. mode:%s timeout=%d sec\n",
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c
index c785f4f0a196..74bf7144a970 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/mv64x60_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * mv64x60_wdt.c - MV64X60 (Marvell Discovery) watchdog userspace interface
  *
@@ -9,10 +10,7 @@
  *
  * Derived from mpc8xx_wdt.c, with the following copyright.
  *
- * 2002 (c) Florian Schirmer <jolt@tuxbox.org> This file is licensed under
- * the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2. This program
- * is licensed "as is" without any warranty of any kind, whether express
- * or implied.
+ * 2002 (c) Florian Schirmer <jolt@tuxbox.org>
  */
 
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ni903x_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ni903x_wdt.c
index 60f5608af2a8..4cebad324b20 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ni903x_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ni903x_wdt.c
@@ -211,10 +211,8 @@ static int ni903x_acpi_add(struct acpi_device *device)
 	watchdog_init_timeout(wdd, timeout, dev);
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	/* Switch from boot mode to user mode */
 	outb(NIWD_CONTROL_RESET | NIWD_CONTROL_MODE,
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/nic7018_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/nic7018_wdt.c
index 2e1a2a3d4ec9..2a46cc662943 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/nic7018_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/nic7018_wdt.c
@@ -210,7 +210,6 @@ static int nic7018_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(wdd);
 	if (ret) {
 		outb(LOCK, wdt->io_base + WDT_REG_LOCK);
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/npcm_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/npcm_wdt.c
index 9d6c1689b12c..9c773c3d6d5d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/npcm_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/npcm_wdt.c
@@ -220,10 +220,8 @@ static int npcm_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		return ret;
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "NPCM watchdog driver enabled\n");
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.h b/drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.h
index c2d1d04e055b..d325e528010f 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.h
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/nv_tco.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
 /*
  *	nv_tco:	TCO timer driver for nVidia chipsets.
  *
@@ -10,11 +11,6 @@
  *	Reserved.
  *				http://www.kernelconcepts.de
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither kernel concepts nor Nils Faerber admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/octeon-wdt-main.c b/drivers/watchdog/octeon-wdt-main.c
index 0ec419a3f7ed..fde9e739b436 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/octeon-wdt-main.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/octeon-wdt-main.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  * Octeon Watchdog driver
  *
@@ -10,22 +11,12 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996-1997 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 1995    Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
  *
- * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public
- * License.  See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this archive
- * for more details.
- *
- *
  * The OCTEON watchdog has a maximum timeout of 2^32 * io_clock.
  * For most systems this is less than 10 seconds, so to allow for
  * software to request longer watchdog heartbeats, we maintain software
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/of_xilinx_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/of_xilinx_wdt.c
index 03786992b701..7fe4f7c3f7ce 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/of_xilinx_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/of_xilinx_wdt.c
@@ -238,10 +238,8 @@ static int xwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	}
 
 	rc = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, xilinx_wdt_wdd);
-	if (rc) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Cannot register watchdog (err=%d)\n", rc);
+	if (rc)
 		return rc;
-	}
 
 	clk_disable(xdev->clk);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.c
index d49688d93f6a..9b91882fe3c4 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * omap_wdt.c
  *
@@ -6,10 +7,7 @@
  * Author: MontaVista Software, Inc.
  *	 <gdavis@mvista.com> or <source@mvista.com>
  *
- * 2003 (c) MontaVista Software, Inc. This file is licensed under the
- * terms of the GNU General Public License version 2. This program is
- * licensed "as is" without any warranty of any kind, whether express
- * or implied.
+ * 2003 (c) MontaVista Software, Inc.
  *
  * History:
  *
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.h b/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.h
index 42f31ec5e90d..950b4643f3e7 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.h
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/omap_wdt.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
 /*
  *  linux/drivers/char/watchdog/omap_wdt.h
  *
@@ -5,26 +6,6 @@
  *      OMAP Watchdog timer register definitions
  *
  *  Copyright (C) 2004 Texas Instruments.
- *
- *  This program is free software; you can redistribute  it and/or modify it
- *  under  the terms of  the GNU General  Public License as published by the
- *  Free Software Foundation;  either version 2 of the  License, or (at your
- *  option) any later version.
- *
- *  THIS  SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED   ``AS  IS'' AND   ANY  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
- *  WARRANTIES,   INCLUDING, BUT NOT  LIMITED  TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- *  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN
- *  NO  EVENT  SHALL   THE AUTHOR  BE    LIABLE FOR ANY   DIRECT, INDIRECT,
- *  INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
- *  NOT LIMITED   TO, PROCUREMENT OF  SUBSTITUTE GOODS  OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
- *  USE, DATA,  OR PROFITS; OR  BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
- *  ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN  CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
- *  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
- *  THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- *
- *  You should have received a copy of the  GNU General Public License along
- *  with this program; if not, write  to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
- *  675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
  */
 
 #ifndef _OMAP_WATCHDOG_H
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c
index ca21d6c240a3..2af1a8b3f973 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pc87413_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *      NS pc87413-wdt Watchdog Timer driver for Linux 2.6.x.x
  *
@@ -6,11 +7,6 @@
  *      (C) Copyright 2006 Sven Anders, <anders@anduras.de>
  *                     and Marcus Junker, <junker@anduras.de>
  *
- *      This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *      modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *      as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *      2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *      Neither Sven Anders, Marcus Junker nor ANDURAS AG
  *      admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software.
  *      This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c b/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c
index 5773d2591d3f..e30c1f762045 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_pci.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Berkshire PCI-PC Watchdog Card Driver
  *
@@ -10,11 +11,6 @@
  *	  Matt Domsch <Matt_Domsch@dell.com>,
  *	  Rob Radez <rob@osinvestor.com>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. admit liability nor
  *	provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
  *	provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c b/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c
index 5de6182dae33..6727f8ab2d18 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pcwd_usb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Berkshire USB-PC Watchdog Card Driver
  *
@@ -10,11 +11,6 @@
  *	  Rob Radez <rob@osinvestor.com>,
  *	  Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. admit liability nor
  *	provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
  *	provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pic32-dmt.c b/drivers/watchdog/pic32-dmt.c
index 4f2aca78f13a..f43062b3c4c8 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pic32-dmt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pic32-dmt.c
@@ -212,10 +212,8 @@ static int pic32_dmt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_drvdata(wdd, dmt);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "watchdog register failed, err %d\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdd);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pic32-wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/pic32-wdt.c
index 5ecdd880f0b7..41715d68d9e9 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pic32-wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pic32-wdt.c
@@ -221,10 +221,8 @@ static int pic32_wdt_drv_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_set_drvdata(wdd, wdt);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "watchdog register failed, err %d\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdd);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/pnx4008_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/pnx4008_wdt.c
index d9e03544aeae..7b446b696f2b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/pnx4008_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/pnx4008_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * drivers/char/watchdog/pnx4008_wdt.c
  *
@@ -11,10 +12,6 @@
  * 2005-2006 (c) MontaVista Software, Inc.
  *
  * (C) 2012 Wolfram Sang, Pengutronix
- *
- * This file is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- * version 2. This program is licensed "as is" without any warranty of any
- * kind, whether express or implied.
  */
 
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
@@ -221,10 +218,8 @@ static int pnx4008_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		set_bit(WDOG_HW_RUNNING, &pnx4008_wdd.status);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &pnx4008_wdd);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "heartbeat %d sec\n", pnx4008_wdd.timeout);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/qcom-wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/qcom-wdt.c
index fc0f7e5de38d..7be7f87be28f 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/qcom-wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/qcom-wdt.c
@@ -223,10 +223,8 @@ static int qcom_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_init_timeout(&wdt->wdd, 0, dev);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/rave-sp-wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/rave-sp-wdt.c
index 35db173252f9..2c95615b6354 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/rave-sp-wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/rave-sp-wdt.c
@@ -310,7 +310,6 @@ static int rave_sp_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
 	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Failed to register watchdog device\n");
 		rave_sp_wdt_stop(wdd);
 		return ret;
 	}
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/renesas_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/renesas_wdt.c
index 565dbc1ec638..00662a8e039c 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/renesas_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/renesas_wdt.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  */
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/clk.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
@@ -70,6 +71,15 @@ static int rwdt_init_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdev)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void rwdt_wait_cycles(struct rwdt_priv *priv, unsigned int cycles)
+{
+	unsigned int delay;
+
+	delay = DIV_ROUND_UP(cycles * 1000000, priv->clk_rate);
+
+	usleep_range(delay, 2 * delay);
+}
+
 static int rwdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdev)
 {
 	struct rwdt_priv *priv = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdev);
@@ -80,6 +90,8 @@ static int rwdt_start(struct watchdog_device *wdev)
 	/* Stop the timer before we modify any register */
 	val = readb_relaxed(priv->base + RWTCSRA) & ~RWTCSRA_TME;
 	rwdt_write(priv, val, RWTCSRA);
+	/* Delay 2 cycles before setting watchdog counter */
+	rwdt_wait_cycles(priv, 2);
 
 	rwdt_init_timeout(wdev);
 	rwdt_write(priv, priv->cks, RWTCSRA);
@@ -98,6 +110,8 @@ static int rwdt_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdev)
 	struct rwdt_priv *priv = watchdog_get_drvdata(wdev);
 
 	rwdt_write(priv, priv->cks, RWTCSRA);
+	/* Delay 3 cycles before disabling module clock */
+	rwdt_wait_cycles(priv, 3);
 	pm_runtime_put(wdev->parent);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -175,15 +189,16 @@ static inline bool rwdt_blacklisted(struct device *dev) { return false; }
 
 static int rwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 {
+	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
 	struct rwdt_priv *priv;
 	struct clk *clk;
 	unsigned long clks_per_sec;
 	int ret, i;
 
-	if (rwdt_blacklisted(&pdev->dev))
+	if (rwdt_blacklisted(dev))
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	priv = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
+	priv = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!priv)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -191,16 +206,16 @@ static int rwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	if (IS_ERR(priv->base))
 		return PTR_ERR(priv->base);
 
-	clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
+	clk = devm_clk_get(dev, NULL);
 	if (IS_ERR(clk))
 		return PTR_ERR(clk);
 
-	pm_runtime_enable(&pdev->dev);
-	pm_runtime_get_sync(&pdev->dev);
+	pm_runtime_enable(dev);
+	pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
 	priv->clk_rate = clk_get_rate(clk);
 	priv->wdev.bootstatus = (readb_relaxed(priv->base + RWTCSRA) &
 				RWTCSRA_WOVF) ? WDIOF_CARDRESET : 0;
-	pm_runtime_put(&pdev->dev);
+	pm_runtime_put(dev);
 
 	if (!priv->clk_rate) {
 		ret = -ENOENT;
@@ -216,14 +231,14 @@ static int rwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	}
 
 	if (i < 0) {
-		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "Can't find suitable clock divider\n");
+		dev_err(dev, "Can't find suitable clock divider\n");
 		ret = -ERANGE;
 		goto out_pm_disable;
 	}
 
 	priv->wdev.info = &rwdt_ident;
 	priv->wdev.ops = &rwdt_ops;
-	priv->wdev.parent = &pdev->dev;
+	priv->wdev.parent = dev;
 	priv->wdev.min_timeout = 1;
 	priv->wdev.max_timeout = DIV_BY_CLKS_PER_SEC(priv, 65536);
 	priv->wdev.timeout = min(priv->wdev.max_timeout, RWDT_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
@@ -235,7 +250,7 @@ static int rwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(&priv->wdev);
 
 	/* This overrides the default timeout only if DT configuration was found */
-	watchdog_init_timeout(&priv->wdev, 0, &pdev->dev);
+	watchdog_init_timeout(&priv->wdev, 0, dev);
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&priv->wdev);
 	if (ret < 0)
@@ -244,7 +259,7 @@ static int rwdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	return 0;
 
  out_pm_disable:
-	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
+	pm_runtime_disable(dev);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
index 39cd51df2ffc..258dfcf9cbda 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/retu_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  * Retu watchdog driver
  *
@@ -5,15 +6,6 @@
  *
  * Based on code written by Amit Kucheria and Michael Buesch.
  * Rewritten by Aaro Koskinen.
- *
- * This file is subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU General
- * Public License. See the file "COPYING" in the main directory of this
- * archive for more details.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
  */
 
 #include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c
index daf3bf0d86b8..2395f353e52d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c
@@ -606,10 +606,8 @@ static int s3c2410wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	wdt->wdt_device.parent = dev;
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&wdt->wdt_device);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog (%d)\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		goto err_cpufreq;
-	}
 
 	ret = s3c2410wdt_mask_and_disable_reset(wdt, false);
 	if (ret < 0)
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c
index bfa035e1a75e..cbd8c957182f 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sa1100_wdt.c
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Watchdog driver for the SA11x0/PXA2xx
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 2000 Oleg Drokin <green@crimea.edu>
  *	    Based on SoftDog driver by Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Oleg Drokin nor iXcelerator.com admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sama5d4_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sama5d4_wdt.c
index b8da1bf21e12..d193a60430b2 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sama5d4_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sama5d4_wdt.c
@@ -110,9 +110,7 @@ static int sama5d4_wdt_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd,
 	u32 value = WDT_SEC2TICKS(timeout);
 
 	wdt->mr &= ~AT91_WDT_WDV;
-	wdt->mr &= ~AT91_WDT_WDD;
 	wdt->mr |= AT91_WDT_SET_WDV(value);
-	wdt->mr |= AT91_WDT_SET_WDD(value);
 
 	/*
 	 * WDDIS has to be 0 when updating WDD/WDV. The datasheet states: When
@@ -248,7 +246,7 @@ static int sama5d4_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	timeout = WDT_SEC2TICKS(wdd->timeout);
 
-	wdt->mr |= AT91_WDT_SET_WDD(timeout);
+	wdt->mr |= AT91_WDT_SET_WDD(WDT_SEC2TICKS(MAX_WDT_TIMEOUT));
 	wdt->mr |= AT91_WDT_SET_WDV(timeout);
 
 	ret = sama5d4_wdt_init(wdt);
@@ -259,10 +257,8 @@ static int sama5d4_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(wdd);
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 
@@ -279,7 +275,17 @@ static const struct of_device_id sama5d4_wdt_of_match[] = {
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, sama5d4_wdt_of_match);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
-static int sama5d4_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
+static int sama5d4_wdt_suspend_late(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct sama5d4_wdt *wdt = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	if (watchdog_active(&wdt->wdd))
+		sama5d4_wdt_stop(&wdt->wdd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sama5d4_wdt_resume_early(struct device *dev)
 {
 	struct sama5d4_wdt *wdt = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 
@@ -290,12 +296,17 @@ static int sama5d4_wdt_resume(struct device *dev)
 	 */
 	sama5d4_wdt_init(wdt);
 
+	if (watchdog_active(&wdt->wdd))
+		sama5d4_wdt_start(&wdt->wdd);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 #endif
 
-static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(sama5d4_wdt_pm_ops, NULL,
-			 sama5d4_wdt_resume);
+static const struct dev_pm_ops sama5d4_wdt_pm_ops = {
+	SET_LATE_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(sama5d4_wdt_suspend_late,
+			sama5d4_wdt_resume_early)
+};
 
 static struct platform_driver sama5d4_wdt_driver = {
 	.probe		= sama5d4_wdt_probe,
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c
index efc81b318939..12cdee7d5069 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sbc7240_wdt.c
@@ -1,19 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	NANO7240 SBC Watchdog device driver
  *
  *	Based on w83877f.c by Scott Jennings,
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- *	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
- *	published by the Free Software Foundation;
- *
- *	Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
- *	basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
- *	implied. See the License for the specific language governing
- *	rights and limitations under the License.
- *
  *	(c) Copyright 2007  Gilles GIGAN <gilles.gigan@jcu.edu.au>
- *
  */
 
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c b/drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c
index 3396024e7b76..4f8b9912fc51 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sbc8360.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	SBC8360 Watchdog driver
  *
@@ -19,11 +20,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c
index ed6e9fac5d74..3612f1df381b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sch311x_wdt.c
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	sch311x_wdt.c - Driver for the SCH311x Super-I/O chips
  *			integrated watchdog.
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 2008 Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. admit liability nor
  *	provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
  *	provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/softdog.c b/drivers/watchdog/softdog.c
index 060740625485..3e4885c1545e 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/softdog.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/softdog.c
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	SoftDog:	A Software Watchdog Device
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *							All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sp5100_tco.c b/drivers/watchdog/sp5100_tco.c
index cd4430ff9b1c..93bd302ae7c5 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sp5100_tco.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sp5100_tco.c
@@ -402,10 +402,8 @@ static int sp5100_tco_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		return ret;
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device (err=%d)\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	/* Show module parameters */
 	dev_info(dev, "initialized. heartbeat=%d sec (nowayout=%d)\n",
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sp805_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sp805_wdt.c
index 072986d461b7..53e04926a7b2 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sp805_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sp805_wdt.c
@@ -288,11 +288,8 @@ sp805_wdt_probe(struct amba_device *adev, const struct amba_id *id)
 	}
 
 	ret = watchdog_register_device(&wdt->wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(&adev->dev, "watchdog_register_device() failed: %d\n",
-				ret);
+	if (ret)
 		goto err;
-	}
 	amba_set_drvdata(adev, wdt);
 
 	dev_info(&adev->dev, "registration successful\n");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/sprd_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/sprd_wdt.c
index 916fb3f96bdc..edba4e278685 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/sprd_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/sprd_wdt.c
@@ -320,7 +320,6 @@ static int sprd_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &wdt->wdd);
 	if (ret) {
 		sprd_wdt_disable(wdt);
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog\n");
 		return ret;
 	}
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/st_lpc_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/st_lpc_wdt.c
index 7a90184eb950..14ab6559c748 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/st_lpc_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/st_lpc_wdt.c
@@ -228,10 +228,8 @@ static int st_wdog_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		return ret;
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &st_wdog_dev);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "Unable to register watchdog\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	st_wdog_setup(st_wdog, true);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/stm32_iwdg.c b/drivers/watchdog/stm32_iwdg.c
index d569a3634d9b..a3a329011a06 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/stm32_iwdg.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/stm32_iwdg.c
@@ -263,10 +263,8 @@ static int stm32_iwdg_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_init_timeout(wdd, 0, dev);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/stmp3xxx_rtc_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/stmp3xxx_rtc_wdt.c
index 671f4ba7b4ed..7caf3aa71c6a 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/stmp3xxx_rtc_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/stmp3xxx_rtc_wdt.c
@@ -98,10 +98,8 @@ static int stmp3xxx_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	stmp3xxx_wdd.parent = dev;
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &stmp3xxx_wdd);
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret < 0)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	if (register_reboot_notifier(&wdt_notifier))
 		dev_warn(dev, "cannot register reboot notifier\n");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/tegra_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/tegra_wdt.c
index a58b000acc4f..dfe06e506cad 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/tegra_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/tegra_wdt.c
@@ -219,10 +219,8 @@ static int tegra_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(wdd);
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/ts4800_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/ts4800_wdt.c
index 9dc6d7f45806..c137ad2bd5c3 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/ts4800_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/ts4800_wdt.c
@@ -171,10 +171,8 @@ static int ts4800_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	ts4800_wdt_stop(wdd);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, wdd);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "failed to register watchdog device\n");
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, wdt);
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/w83627hf_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/w83627hf_wdt.c
index 3a49ba9ea608..38b31e9947aa 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/w83627hf_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/w83627hf_wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	w83627hf/thf WDT driver
  *
@@ -17,11 +18,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c
index 0a8073b419f8..6d2071a0590d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/wafer5823wdt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	ICP Wafer 5823 Single Board Computer WDT driver
  *	http://www.icpamerica.com/wafer_5823.php
@@ -13,11 +14,6 @@
  *	(c) Copyright 1996-1997 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
index 62be9e52a4de..21e8085b848b 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	watchdog_core.c
  *
@@ -16,11 +17,6 @@
  *	  Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
  *	  Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox, CymruNet Ltd., Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw.
  *	admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software.
  *	This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
@@ -60,11 +56,10 @@ static DEFINE_MUTEX(wtd_deferred_reg_mutex);
 static LIST_HEAD(wtd_deferred_reg_list);
 static bool wtd_deferred_reg_done;
 
-static int watchdog_deferred_registration_add(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
+static void watchdog_deferred_registration_add(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	list_add_tail(&wdd->deferred,
 		      &wtd_deferred_reg_list);
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static void watchdog_deferred_registration_del(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
@@ -265,14 +260,23 @@ static int __watchdog_register_device(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 
 int watchdog_register_device(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
-	int ret;
+	const char *dev_str;
+	int ret = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&wtd_deferred_reg_mutex);
 	if (wtd_deferred_reg_done)
 		ret = __watchdog_register_device(wdd);
 	else
-		ret = watchdog_deferred_registration_add(wdd);
+		watchdog_deferred_registration_add(wdd);
 	mutex_unlock(&wtd_deferred_reg_mutex);
+
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_str = wdd->parent ? dev_name(wdd->parent) :
+			  (const char *)wdd->info->identity;
+		pr_err("%s: failed to register watchdog device (err = %d)\n",
+			dev_str, ret);
+	}
+
 	return ret;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(watchdog_register_device);
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.h b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.h
index 86ff962d1e15..a5062e8e0d13 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.h
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_core.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
 /*
  *	watchdog_core.h
  *
@@ -16,11 +17,6 @@
  *	  Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
  *	  Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox, CymruNet Ltd., Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw.
  *	admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software.
  *	This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
index 252a7c7b6592..dbd2ad4c9294 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/watchdog_dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	watchdog_dev.c
  *
@@ -20,11 +21,6 @@
  *	  Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
  *	  Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox, CymruNet Ltd., Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw.
  *	admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software.
  *	This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
@@ -69,6 +65,7 @@ struct watchdog_core_data {
 	struct mutex lock;
 	ktime_t last_keepalive;
 	ktime_t last_hw_keepalive;
+	ktime_t open_deadline;
 	struct hrtimer timer;
 	struct kthread_work work;
 	unsigned long status;		/* Internal status bits */
@@ -87,6 +84,19 @@ static struct kthread_worker *watchdog_kworker;
 static bool handle_boot_enabled =
 	IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_HANDLE_BOOT_ENABLED);
 
+static unsigned open_timeout = CONFIG_WATCHDOG_OPEN_TIMEOUT;
+
+static bool watchdog_past_open_deadline(struct watchdog_core_data *data)
+{
+	return ktime_after(ktime_get(), data->open_deadline);
+}
+
+static void watchdog_set_open_deadline(struct watchdog_core_data *data)
+{
+	data->open_deadline = open_timeout ?
+		ktime_get() + ktime_set(open_timeout, 0) : KTIME_MAX;
+}
+
 static inline bool watchdog_need_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 {
 	/* All variables in milli-seconds */
@@ -119,14 +129,15 @@ static ktime_t watchdog_next_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
 	ktime_t virt_timeout;
 	unsigned int hw_heartbeat_ms;
 
-	virt_timeout = ktime_add(wd_data->last_keepalive,
-				 ms_to_ktime(timeout_ms));
+	if (watchdog_active(wdd))
+		virt_timeout = ktime_add(wd_data->last_keepalive,
+					 ms_to_ktime(timeout_ms));
+	else
+		virt_timeout = wd_data->open_deadline;
+
 	hw_heartbeat_ms = min_not_zero(timeout_ms, wdd->max_hw_heartbeat_ms);
 	keepalive_interval = ms_to_ktime(hw_heartbeat_ms / 2);
 
-	if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
-		return keepalive_interval;
-
 	/*
 	 * To ensure that the watchdog times out wdd->timeout seconds
 	 * after the most recent ping from userspace, the last
@@ -211,7 +222,13 @@ static bool watchdog_worker_should_ping(struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data)
 {
 	struct watchdog_device *wdd = wd_data->wdd;
 
-	return wdd && (watchdog_active(wdd) || watchdog_hw_running(wdd));
+	if (!wdd)
+		return false;
+
+	if (watchdog_active(wdd))
+		return true;
+
+	return watchdog_hw_running(wdd) && !watchdog_past_open_deadline(wd_data);
 }
 
 static void watchdog_ping_work(struct kthread_work *work)
@@ -824,6 +841,15 @@ static int watchdog_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 	if (!hw_running)
 		kref_get(&wd_data->kref);
 
+	/*
+	 * open_timeout only applies for the first open from
+	 * userspace. Set open_deadline to infinity so that the kernel
+	 * will take care of an always-running hardware watchdog in
+	 * case the device gets magic-closed or WDIOS_DISABLECARD is
+	 * applied.
+	 */
+	wd_data->open_deadline = KTIME_MAX;
+
 	/* dev/watchdog is a virtual (and thus non-seekable) filesystem */
 	return stream_open(inode, file);
 
@@ -983,6 +1009,7 @@ static int watchdog_cdev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd, dev_t devno)
 
 	/* Record time of most recent heartbeat as 'just before now'. */
 	wd_data->last_hw_keepalive = ktime_sub(ktime_get(), 1);
+	watchdog_set_open_deadline(wd_data);
 
 	/*
 	 * If the watchdog is running, prevent its driver from being unloaded,
@@ -1181,3 +1208,8 @@ module_param(handle_boot_enabled, bool, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(handle_boot_enabled,
 	"Watchdog core auto-updates boot enabled watchdogs before userspace takes over (default="
 	__MODULE_STRING(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_HANDLE_BOOT_ENABLED)) ")");
+
+module_param(open_timeout, uint, 0644);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(open_timeout,
+	"Maximum time (in seconds, 0 means infinity) for userspace to take over a running watchdog (default="
+	__MODULE_STRING(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_OPEN_TIMEOUT) ")");
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/wd501p.h b/drivers/watchdog/wd501p.h
index 0e3a497d5626..43a4d88fd363 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/wd501p.h
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/wd501p.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-1.0+ */
 /*
  *	Industrial Computer Source WDT500/501 driver
  *
@@ -11,12 +12,7 @@
  *
  *	http://www.cymru.net
  *
- *	This driver is provided under the GNU General Public License,
- *	incorporated herein by reference. The driver is provided without
- *	warranty or support.
- *
  *	Release 0.04.
- *
  */
 
 
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/wdt.c
index 3d2f5ed60e88..0650100fad00 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/wdt.c
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Industrial Computer Source WDT501 driver
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 1996-1997 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c b/drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c
index ff3a41f47127..66303ab95685 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/wdt_pci.c
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *	Industrial Computer Source PCI-WDT500/501 driver
  *
  *	(c) Copyright 1996-1997 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>,
  *						All Rights Reserved.
  *
- *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
- *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
  *	Neither Alan Cox nor CymruNet Ltd. admit liability nor provide
  *	warranty for any of this software. This material is provided
  *	"AS-IS" and at no charge.
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/wm831x_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/wm831x_wdt.c
index 9b6565a3fab4..030ce240620d 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/wm831x_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/wm831x_wdt.c
@@ -267,14 +267,7 @@ static int wm831x_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 		}
 	}
 
-	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &driver_data->wdt);
-	if (ret != 0) {
-		dev_err(wm831x->dev, "watchdog_register_device() failed: %d\n",
-			ret);
-		return ret;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	return devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &driver_data->wdt);
 }
 
 static struct platform_driver wm831x_wdt_driver = {
diff --git a/drivers/watchdog/xen_wdt.c b/drivers/watchdog/xen_wdt.c
index 2ba0a3c4523c..b343f421dc72 100644
--- a/drivers/watchdog/xen_wdt.c
+++ b/drivers/watchdog/xen_wdt.c
@@ -138,10 +138,8 @@ static int xen_wdt_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
 	watchdog_stop_on_unregister(&xen_wdt_dev);
 
 	ret = devm_watchdog_register_device(dev, &xen_wdt_dev);
-	if (ret) {
-		dev_err(dev, "cannot register watchdog device (%d)\n", ret);
+	if (ret)
 		return ret;
-	}
 
 	dev_info(dev, "initialized (timeout=%ds, nowayout=%d)\n",
 		 xen_wdt_dev.timeout, nowayout);