From ac492b9c70cac4d887e9dce4410b1d521851e142 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Stevens Date: Tue, 4 Apr 2023 21:01:16 +0900 Subject: [PATCH] mm/khugepaged: skip shmem with userfaultfd Make sure that collapse_file respects any userfaultfds registered with MODE_MISSING. If userspace has any such userfaultfds registered, then for any page which it knows to be missing, it may expect a UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT. This means collapse_file needs to be careful when collapsing a shmem range would result in replacing an empty page with a THP, to avoid breaking userfaultfd. Synchronization when checking for userfaultfds in collapse_file is tricky because the mmap locks can't be used to prevent races with the registration of new userfaultfds. Instead, we provide synchronization by ensuring that userspace cannot observe the fact that pages are missing before we check for userfaultfds. Although this allows registration of a userfaultfd to race with collapse_file, it ensures that userspace cannot observe any pages transition from missing to present after such a race occurs. This makes such a race indistinguishable to the collapse occurring immediately before the userfaultfd registration. The first step to provide this synchronization is to stop filling gaps during the loop iterating over the target range, since the page cache lock can be dropped during that loop. The second step is to fill the gaps with XA_RETRY_ENTRY after the page cache lock is acquired the final time, to avoid races with accesses to the page cache that only take the RCU read lock. The fact that we don't fill holes during the initial iteration means that collapse_file now has to handle faults occurring during the collapse. This is done by re-validating the number of missing pages after acquiring the page cache lock for the final time. This fix is targeted at khugepaged, but the change also applies to MADV_COLLAPSE. MADV_COLLAPSE on a range with a userfaultfd will now return EBUSY if there are any missing pages (instead of succeeding on shmem and returning EINVAL on anonymous memory). There is also now a window during MADV_COLLAPSE where a fault on a missing page will cause the syscall to fail with EAGAIN. The fact that intermediate page cache state can no longer be observed before the rollback of a failed collapse is also technically a userspace-visible change (via at least SEEK_DATA and SEEK_END), but it is exceedingly unlikely that anything relies on being able to observe that transient state. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230404120117.2562166-4-stevensd@google.com Signed-off-by: David Stevens Acked-by: Peter Xu Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Hugh Dickins Cc: Jiaqi Yan Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) Cc: Yang Shi Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton --- include/trace/events/huge_memory.h | 3 +- mm/khugepaged.c | 99 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 2 files changed, 81 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h b/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h index eca4c6f3625e..6e2ef1d4b002 100644 --- a/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h +++ b/include/trace/events/huge_memory.h @@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ EM( SCAN_TRUNCATED, "truncated") \ EM( SCAN_PAGE_HAS_PRIVATE, "page_has_private") \ EM( SCAN_STORE_FAILED, "store_failed") \ - EMe(SCAN_COPY_MC, "copy_poisoned_page") + EM( SCAN_COPY_MC, "copy_poisoned_page") \ + EMe(SCAN_PAGE_FILLED, "page_filled") #undef EM #undef EMe diff --git a/mm/khugepaged.c b/mm/khugepaged.c index 762877539634..434674ca0c8a 100644 --- a/mm/khugepaged.c +++ b/mm/khugepaged.c @@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ enum scan_result { SCAN_PAGE_HAS_PRIVATE, SCAN_STORE_FAILED, SCAN_COPY_MC, + SCAN_PAGE_FILLED, }; #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS @@ -1860,8 +1861,8 @@ next: * - allocate and lock a new huge page; * - scan page cache replacing old pages with the new one * + swap/gup in pages if necessary; - * + fill in gaps; * + keep old pages around in case rollback is required; + * - finalize updates to the page cache; * - if replacing succeeds: * + copy data over; * + free old pages; @@ -1939,7 +1940,7 @@ static int collapse_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, result = SCAN_TRUNCATED; goto xa_locked; } - xas_set(&xas, index); + xas_set(&xas, index + 1); } if (!shmem_charge(mapping->host, 1)) { result = SCAN_FAIL; @@ -2176,22 +2177,66 @@ xa_unlocked: index++; } - /* - * Copying old pages to huge one has succeeded, now we - * need to free the old pages. - */ - list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, &pagelist, lru) { - list_del(&page->lru); - page->mapping = NULL; - page_ref_unfreeze(page, 1); - ClearPageActive(page); - ClearPageUnevictable(page); - unlock_page(page); - put_page(page); + if (nr_none) { + struct vm_area_struct *vma; + int nr_none_check = 0; + + i_mmap_lock_read(mapping); + xas_lock_irq(&xas); + + xas_set(&xas, start); + for (index = start; index < end; index++) { + if (!xas_next(&xas)) { + xas_store(&xas, XA_RETRY_ENTRY); + if (xas_error(&xas)) { + result = SCAN_STORE_FAILED; + goto immap_locked; + } + nr_none_check++; + } + } + + if (nr_none != nr_none_check) { + result = SCAN_PAGE_FILLED; + goto immap_locked; + } + + /* + * If userspace observed a missing page in a VMA with a MODE_MISSING + * userfaultfd, then it might expect a UFFD_EVENT_PAGEFAULT for that + * page. If so, we need to roll back to avoid suppressing such an + * event. Since wp/minor userfaultfds don't give userspace any + * guarantees that the kernel doesn't fill a missing page with a zero + * page, so they don't matter here. + * + * Any userfaultfds registered after this point will not be able to + * observe any missing pages due to the previously inserted retry + * entries. + */ + vma_interval_tree_foreach(vma, &mapping->i_mmap, start, end) { + if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) { + result = SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE; + goto immap_locked; + } + } + +immap_locked: + i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping); + if (result != SCAN_SUCCEED) { + xas_set(&xas, start); + for (index = start; index < end; index++) { + if (xas_next(&xas) == XA_RETRY_ENTRY) + xas_store(&xas, NULL); + } + + xas_unlock_irq(&xas); + goto rollback; + } + } else { + xas_lock_irq(&xas); } nr = thp_nr_pages(hpage); - xas_lock_irq(&xas); if (is_shmem) __mod_lruvec_page_state(hpage, NR_SHMEM_THPS, nr); else @@ -2221,6 +2266,20 @@ xa_unlocked: result = retract_page_tables(mapping, start, mm, addr, hpage, cc); unlock_page(hpage); + + /* + * The collapse has succeeded, so free the old pages. + */ + list_for_each_entry_safe(page, tmp, &pagelist, lru) { + list_del(&page->lru); + page->mapping = NULL; + page_ref_unfreeze(page, 1); + ClearPageActive(page); + ClearPageUnevictable(page); + unlock_page(page); + put_page(page); + } + goto out; rollback: @@ -2232,15 +2291,13 @@ rollback: } xas_set(&xas, start); - xas_for_each(&xas, page, end - 1) { + end = index; + for (index = start; index < end; index++) { + xas_next(&xas); page = list_first_entry_or_null(&pagelist, struct page, lru); if (!page || xas.xa_index < page->index) { - if (!nr_none) - break; nr_none--; - /* Put holes back where they were */ - xas_store(&xas, NULL); continue; } @@ -2764,12 +2821,14 @@ static int madvise_collapse_errno(enum scan_result r) case SCAN_ALLOC_HUGE_PAGE_FAIL: return -ENOMEM; case SCAN_CGROUP_CHARGE_FAIL: + case SCAN_EXCEED_NONE_PTE: return -EBUSY; /* Resource temporary unavailable - trying again might succeed */ case SCAN_PAGE_COUNT: case SCAN_PAGE_LOCK: case SCAN_PAGE_LRU: case SCAN_DEL_PAGE_LRU: + case SCAN_PAGE_FILLED: return -EAGAIN; /* * Other: Trying again likely not to succeed / error intrinsic to