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locking/refcount: Move the bulk of the REFCOUNT_FULL implementation into the <linux/refcount.h> header

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In an effort to improve performance of the REFCOUNT_FULL implementation,
move the bulk of its functions into linux/refcount.h. This allows them
to be inlined in the same way as if they had been provided via
CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_REFCOUNT.

Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Tested-by: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191121115902.2551-5-will@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This commit is contained in:
Will Deacon 2019-11-21 11:58:56 +00:00 committed by Ingo Molnar
parent 7221762c48
commit 77e9971c79
2 changed files with 229 additions and 246 deletions
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237
include/linux/refcount.h
View File

@ -45,22 +45,241 @@ static inline unsigned int refcount_read(const refcount_t *r)
}
#ifdef CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL
#include <linux/bug.h>
#define REFCOUNT_MAX (UINT_MAX - 1)
#define REFCOUNT_SATURATED UINT_MAX
extern __must_check bool refcount_add_not_zero(int i, refcount_t *r);
extern void refcount_add(int i, refcount_t *r);
/*
* Variant of atomic_t specialized for reference counts.
*
* The interface matches the atomic_t interface (to aid in porting) but only
* provides the few functions one should use for reference counting.
*
* It differs in that the counter saturates at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and will not
* move once there. This avoids wrapping the counter and causing 'spurious'
* use-after-free issues.
*
* Memory ordering rules are slightly relaxed wrt regular atomic_t functions
* and provide only what is strictly required for refcounts.
*
* The increments are fully relaxed; these will not provide ordering. The
* rationale is that whatever is used to obtain the object we're increasing the
* reference count on will provide the ordering. For locked data structures,
* its the lock acquire, for RCU/lockless data structures its the dependent
* load.
*
* Do note that inc_not_zero() provides a control dependency which will order
* future stores against the inc, this ensures we'll never modify the object
* if we did not in fact acquire a reference.
*
* The decrements will provide release order, such that all the prior loads and
* stores will be issued before, it also provides a control dependency, which
* will order us against the subsequent free().
*
* The control dependency is against the load of the cmpxchg (ll/sc) that
* succeeded. This means the stores aren't fully ordered, but this is fine
* because the 1->0 transition indicates no concurrency.
*
* Note that the allocator is responsible for ordering things between free()
* and alloc().
*
* The decrements dec_and_test() and sub_and_test() also provide acquire
* ordering on success.
*
*/
extern __must_check bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r);
extern void refcount_inc(refcount_t *r);
/**
* refcount_add_not_zero - add a value to a refcount unless it is 0
* @i: the value to add to the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* increment a reference count.
*
* Return: false if the passed refcount is 0, true otherwise
*/
static inline __must_check bool refcount_add_not_zero(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
extern __must_check bool refcount_sub_and_test(int i, refcount_t *r);
do {
if (!val)
return false;
extern __must_check bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r);
extern void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r);
if (unlikely(val == REFCOUNT_SATURATED))
return true;
#else
new = val + i;
if (new < val)
new = REFCOUNT_SATURATED;
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new));
WARN_ONCE(new == REFCOUNT_SATURATED,
"refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n");
return true;
}
/**
* refcount_add - add a value to a refcount
* @i: the value to add to the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_add(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* increment a reference count.
*/
static inline void refcount_add(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(!refcount_add_not_zero(i, r), "refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n");
}
/**
* refcount_inc_not_zero - increment a refcount unless it is 0
* @r: the refcount to increment
*
* Similar to atomic_inc_not_zero(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED
* and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Return: true if the increment was successful, false otherwise
*/
static inline __must_check bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
do {
new = val + 1;
if (!val)
return false;
if (unlikely(!new))
return true;
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new));
WARN_ONCE(new == REFCOUNT_SATURATED,
"refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n");
return true;
}
/**
* refcount_inc - increment a refcount
* @r: the refcount to increment
*
* Similar to atomic_inc(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller already has a
* reference on the object.
*
* Will WARN if the refcount is 0, as this represents a possible use-after-free
* condition.
*/
static inline void refcount_inc(refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(!refcount_inc_not_zero(r), "refcount_t: increment on 0; use-after-free.\n");
}
/**
* refcount_sub_and_test - subtract from a refcount and test if it is 0
* @i: amount to subtract from the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), but it will WARN, return false and
* ultimately leak on underflow and will fail to decrement when saturated
* at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free()
* must come after.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_dec(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* decrement a reference count.
*
* Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
*/
static inline __must_check bool refcount_sub_and_test(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
do {
if (unlikely(val == REFCOUNT_SATURATED))
return false;
new = val - i;
if (new > val) {
WARN_ONCE(new > val, "refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n");
return false;
}
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new));
if (!new) {
smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* refcount_dec_and_test - decrement a refcount and test if it is 0
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to
* decrement when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free()
* must come after.
*
* Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
*/
static inline __must_check bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r)
{
return refcount_sub_and_test(1, r);
}
/**
* refcount_dec - decrement a refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to decrement
* when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before.
*/
static inline void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(refcount_dec_and_test(r), "refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory.\n");
}
#else /* CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL */
#define REFCOUNT_MAX INT_MAX
#define REFCOUNT_SATURATED (INT_MIN / 2)
@ -103,7 +322,7 @@ static inline void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r)
atomic_dec(&r->refs);
}
# endif /* !CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_REFCOUNT */
#endif /* CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL */
#endif /* !CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL */
extern __must_check bool refcount_dec_if_one(refcount_t *r);
extern __must_check bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r);

238
lib/refcount.c
View File

@ -1,41 +1,6 @@
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Variant of atomic_t specialized for reference counts.
*
* The interface matches the atomic_t interface (to aid in porting) but only
* provides the few functions one should use for reference counting.
*
* It differs in that the counter saturates at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and will not
* move once there. This avoids wrapping the counter and causing 'spurious'
* use-after-free issues.
*
* Memory ordering rules are slightly relaxed wrt regular atomic_t functions
* and provide only what is strictly required for refcounts.
*
* The increments are fully relaxed; these will not provide ordering. The
* rationale is that whatever is used to obtain the object we're increasing the
* reference count on will provide the ordering. For locked data structures,
* its the lock acquire, for RCU/lockless data structures its the dependent
* load.
*
* Do note that inc_not_zero() provides a control dependency which will order
* future stores against the inc, this ensures we'll never modify the object
* if we did not in fact acquire a reference.
*
* The decrements will provide release order, such that all the prior loads and
* stores will be issued before, it also provides a control dependency, which
* will order us against the subsequent free().
*
* The control dependency is against the load of the cmpxchg (ll/sc) that
* succeeded. This means the stores aren't fully ordered, but this is fine
* because the 1->0 transition indicates no concurrency.
*
* Note that the allocator is responsible for ordering things between free()
* and alloc().
*
* The decrements dec_and_test() and sub_and_test() also provide acquire
* ordering on success.
*
* Out-of-line refcount functions common to all refcount implementations.
*/
#include <linux/mutex.h>
@ -43,207 +8,6 @@
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#ifdef CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL
/**
* refcount_add_not_zero - add a value to a refcount unless it is 0
* @i: the value to add to the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* increment a reference count.
*
* Return: false if the passed refcount is 0, true otherwise
*/
bool refcount_add_not_zero(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
do {
if (!val)
return false;
if (unlikely(val == REFCOUNT_SATURATED))
return true;
new = val + i;
if (new < val)
new = REFCOUNT_SATURATED;
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new));
WARN_ONCE(new == REFCOUNT_SATURATED,
"refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n");
return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_add_not_zero);
/**
* refcount_add - add a value to a refcount
* @i: the value to add to the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_add(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* increment a reference count.
*/
void refcount_add(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(!refcount_add_not_zero(i, r), "refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_add);
/**
* refcount_inc_not_zero - increment a refcount unless it is 0
* @r: the refcount to increment
*
* Similar to atomic_inc_not_zero(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED
* and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the
* object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency
* and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top.
*
* Return: true if the increment was successful, false otherwise
*/
bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
do {
new = val + 1;
if (!val)
return false;
if (unlikely(!new))
return true;
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new));
WARN_ONCE(new == REFCOUNT_SATURATED,
"refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n");
return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_inc_not_zero);
/**
* refcount_inc - increment a refcount
* @r: the refcount to increment
*
* Similar to atomic_inc(), but will saturate at REFCOUNT_SATURATED and WARN.
*
* Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller already has a
* reference on the object.
*
* Will WARN if the refcount is 0, as this represents a possible use-after-free
* condition.
*/
void refcount_inc(refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(!refcount_inc_not_zero(r), "refcount_t: increment on 0; use-after-free.\n");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_inc);
/**
* refcount_sub_and_test - subtract from a refcount and test if it is 0
* @i: amount to subtract from the refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), but it will WARN, return false and
* ultimately leak on underflow and will fail to decrement when saturated
* at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free()
* must come after.
*
* Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting
* use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these
* cases, refcount_dec(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to
* decrement a reference count.
*
* Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
*/
bool refcount_sub_and_test(int i, refcount_t *r)
{
unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs);
do {
if (unlikely(val == REFCOUNT_SATURATED))
return false;
new = val - i;
if (new > val) {
WARN_ONCE(new > val, "refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\n");
return false;
}
} while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new));
if (!new) {
smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();
return true;
}
return false;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_sub_and_test);
/**
* refcount_dec_and_test - decrement a refcount and test if it is 0
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to
* decrement when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before, and provides an acquire ordering on success such that free()
* must come after.
*
* Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise
*/
bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r)
{
return refcount_sub_and_test(1, r);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec_and_test);
/**
* refcount_dec - decrement a refcount
* @r: the refcount
*
* Similar to atomic_dec(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to decrement
* when saturated at REFCOUNT_SATURATED.
*
* Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done
* before.
*/
void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r)
{
WARN_ONCE(refcount_dec_and_test(r), "refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory.\n");
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(refcount_dec);
#endif /* CONFIG_REFCOUNT_FULL */
/**
* refcount_dec_if_one - decrement a refcount if it is 1
* @r: the refcount