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arm64: mm: rewrite ASID allocator and MM context-switching code

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Our current switch_mm implementation suffers from a number of problems:

  (1) The ASID allocator relies on IPIs to synchronise the CPUs on a
      rollover event

  (2) Because of (1), we cannot allocate ASIDs with interrupts disabled
      and therefore make use of a TIF_SWITCH_MM flag to postpone the
      actual switch to finish_arch_post_lock_switch

  (3) We run context switch with a reserved (invalid) TTBR0 value, even
      though the ASID and pgd are updated atomically

  (4) We take a global spinlock (cpu_asid_lock) during context-switch

  (5) We use h/w broadcast TLB operations when they are not required
      (e.g. in flush_context)

This patch addresses these problems by rewriting the ASID algorithm to
match the bitmap-based arch/arm/ implementation more closely. This in
turn allows us to remove much of the complications surrounding switch_mm,
including the ugly thread flag.

Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
This commit is contained in:
Will Deacon 2015-10-06 18:46:24 +01:00 committed by Catalin Marinas
parent 8e63d38876
commit 5aec715d7d
7 changed files with 175 additions and 178 deletions
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15
arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h
View File

@ -17,15 +17,16 @@
#define __ASM_MMU_H
typedef struct {
unsigned int id;
raw_spinlock_t id_lock;
void *vdso;
atomic64_t id;
void *vdso;
} mm_context_t;
#define INIT_MM_CONTEXT(name) \
.context.id_lock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(name.context.id_lock),
#define ASID(mm) ((mm)->context.id & 0xffff)
/*
* This macro is only used by the TLBI code, which cannot race with an
* ASID change and therefore doesn't need to reload the counter using
* atomic64_read.
*/
#define ASID(mm) ((mm)->context.id.counter & 0xffff)
extern void paging_init(void);
extern void __iomem *early_io_map(phys_addr_t phys, unsigned long virt);

76
arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu_context.h
View File

@ -28,13 +28,6 @@
#include <asm/cputype.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#define MAX_ASID_BITS 16
extern unsigned int cpu_last_asid;
void __init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm);
void __new_context(struct mm_struct *mm);
#ifdef CONFIG_PID_IN_CONTEXTIDR
static inline void contextidr_thread_switch(struct task_struct *next)
{
@ -96,66 +89,19 @@ static inline void cpu_set_default_tcr_t0sz(void)
: "r"(TCR_T0SZ(VA_BITS)), "I"(TCR_T0SZ_OFFSET), "I"(TCR_TxSZ_WIDTH));
}
static inline void switch_new_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
unsigned long flags;
__new_context(mm);
local_irq_save(flags);
cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
static inline void check_and_switch_context(struct mm_struct *mm,
struct task_struct *tsk)
{
/*
* Required during context switch to avoid speculative page table
* walking with the wrong TTBR.
*/
cpu_set_reserved_ttbr0();
if (!((mm->context.id ^ cpu_last_asid) >> MAX_ASID_BITS))
/*
* The ASID is from the current generation, just switch to the
* new pgd. This condition is only true for calls from
* context_switch() and interrupts are already disabled.
*/
cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
else if (irqs_disabled())
/*
* Defer the new ASID allocation until after the context
* switch critical region since __new_context() cannot be
* called with interrupts disabled.
*/
set_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(tsk), TIF_SWITCH_MM);
else
/*
* That is a direct call to switch_mm() or activate_mm() with
* interrupts enabled and a new context.
*/
switch_new_context(mm);
}
#define init_new_context(tsk,mm) (__init_new_context(tsk,mm),0)
/*
* It would be nice to return ASIDs back to the allocator, but unfortunately
* that introduces a race with a generation rollover where we could erroneously
* free an ASID allocated in a future generation. We could workaround this by
* freeing the ASID from the context of the dying mm (e.g. in arch_exit_mmap),
* but we'd then need to make sure that we didn't dirty any TLBs afterwards.
* Setting a reserved TTBR0 or EPD0 would work, but it all gets ugly when you
* take CPU migration into account.
*/
#define destroy_context(mm) do { } while(0)
void check_and_switch_context(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int cpu);
#define finish_arch_post_lock_switch \
finish_arch_post_lock_switch
static inline void finish_arch_post_lock_switch(void)
{
if (test_and_clear_thread_flag(TIF_SWITCH_MM)) {
struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
unsigned long flags;
__new_context(mm);
local_irq_save(flags);
cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
}
#define init_new_context(tsk,mm) ({ atomic64_set(&mm->context.id, 0); 0; })
/*
* This is called when "tsk" is about to enter lazy TLB mode.

1
arch/arm64/include/asm/thread_info.h
View File

@ -111,7 +111,6 @@ static inline struct thread_info *current_thread_info(void)
#define TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK 20
#define TIF_SINGLESTEP 21
#define TIF_32BIT 22 /* 32bit process */
#define TIF_SWITCH_MM 23 /* deferred switch_mm */
#define _TIF_SIGPENDING (1 << TIF_SIGPENDING)
#define _TIF_NEED_RESCHED (1 << TIF_NEED_RESCHED)

2
arch/arm64/kernel/asm-offsets.c
View File

@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ int main(void)
DEFINE(S_SYSCALLNO, offsetof(struct pt_regs, syscallno));
DEFINE(S_FRAME_SIZE, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
BLANK();
DEFINE(MM_CONTEXT_ID, offsetof(struct mm_struct, context.id));
DEFINE(MM_CONTEXT_ID, offsetof(struct mm_struct, context.id.counter));
BLANK();
DEFINE(VMA_VM_MM, offsetof(struct vm_area_struct, vm_mm));
DEFINE(VMA_VM_FLAGS, offsetof(struct vm_area_struct, vm_flags));

1
arch/arm64/kernel/efi.c
View File

@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ static struct mm_struct efi_mm = {
.mmap_sem = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(efi_mm.mmap_sem),
.page_table_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(efi_mm.page_table_lock),
.mmlist = LIST_HEAD_INIT(efi_mm.mmlist),
INIT_MM_CONTEXT(efi_mm)
};
static int uefi_debug __initdata;

256
arch/arm64/mm/context.c
View File

@ -17,135 +17,187 @@
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/cachetype.h>
#define asid_bits(reg) \
(((read_cpuid(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1) & 0xf0) >> 2) + 8)
#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION (1 << MAX_ASID_BITS)
static u32 asid_bits;
static DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(cpu_asid_lock);
unsigned int cpu_last_asid = ASID_FIRST_VERSION;
/*
* We fork()ed a process, and we need a new context for the child to run in.
*/
void __init_new_context(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
mm->context.id = 0;
raw_spin_lock_init(&mm->context.id_lock);
}
static atomic64_t asid_generation;
static unsigned long *asid_map;
static void flush_context(void)
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(atomic64_t, active_asids);
static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, reserved_asids);
static cpumask_t tlb_flush_pending;
#define ASID_MASK (~GENMASK(asid_bits - 1, 0))
#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION (1UL << asid_bits)
#define NUM_USER_ASIDS ASID_FIRST_VERSION
static void flush_context(unsigned int cpu)
{
/* set the reserved TTBR0 before flushing the TLB */
cpu_set_reserved_ttbr0();
local_flush_tlb_all();
int i;
u64 asid;
/* Update the list of reserved ASIDs and the ASID bitmap. */
bitmap_clear(asid_map, 0, NUM_USER_ASIDS);
/*
* Ensure the generation bump is observed before we xchg the
* active_asids.
*/
smp_wmb();
for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
asid = atomic64_xchg_relaxed(&per_cpu(active_asids, i), 0);
/*
* If this CPU has already been through a
* rollover, but hasn't run another task in
* the meantime, we must preserve its reserved
* ASID, as this is the only trace we have of
* the process it is still running.
*/
if (asid == 0)
asid = per_cpu(reserved_asids, i);
__set_bit(asid & ~ASID_MASK, asid_map);
per_cpu(reserved_asids, i) = asid;
}
/* Queue a TLB invalidate and flush the I-cache if necessary. */
cpumask_setall(&tlb_flush_pending);
if (icache_is_aivivt())
__local_flush_icache_all();
__flush_icache_all();
}
static void set_mm_context(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int asid)
static int is_reserved_asid(u64 asid)
{
int cpu;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
if (per_cpu(reserved_asids, cpu) == asid)
return 1;
return 0;
}
static u64 new_context(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int cpu)
{
static u32 cur_idx = 1;
u64 asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);
u64 generation = atomic64_read(&asid_generation);
if (asid != 0) {
/*
* If our current ASID was active during a rollover, we
* can continue to use it and this was just a false alarm.
*/
if (is_reserved_asid(asid))
return generation | (asid & ~ASID_MASK);
/*
* We had a valid ASID in a previous life, so try to re-use
* it if possible.
*/
asid &= ~ASID_MASK;
if (!__test_and_set_bit(asid, asid_map))
goto bump_gen;
}
/*
* Allocate a free ASID. If we can't find one, take a note of the
* currently active ASIDs and mark the TLBs as requiring flushes.
* We always count from ASID #1, as we use ASID #0 when setting a
* reserved TTBR0 for the init_mm.
*/
asid = find_next_zero_bit(asid_map, NUM_USER_ASIDS, cur_idx);
if (asid != NUM_USER_ASIDS)
goto set_asid;
/* We're out of ASIDs, so increment the global generation count */
generation = atomic64_add_return_relaxed(ASID_FIRST_VERSION,
&asid_generation);
flush_context(cpu);
/* We have at least 1 ASID per CPU, so this will always succeed */
asid = find_next_zero_bit(asid_map, NUM_USER_ASIDS, 1);
set_asid:
__set_bit(asid, asid_map);
cur_idx = asid;
bump_gen:
asid |= generation;
cpumask_clear(mm_cpumask(mm));
return asid;
}
void check_and_switch_context(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int cpu)
{
unsigned long flags;
u64 asid;
asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);
/*
* Locking needed for multi-threaded applications where the same
* mm->context.id could be set from different CPUs during the
* broadcast. This function is also called via IPI so the
* mm->context.id_lock has to be IRQ-safe.
* The memory ordering here is subtle. We rely on the control
* dependency between the generation read and the update of
* active_asids to ensure that we are synchronised with a
* parallel rollover (i.e. this pairs with the smp_wmb() in
* flush_context).
*/
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&mm->context.id_lock, flags);
if (likely((mm->context.id ^ cpu_last_asid) >> MAX_ASID_BITS)) {
/*
* Old version of ASID found. Set the new one and reset
* mm_cpumask(mm).
*/
mm->context.id = asid;
cpumask_clear(mm_cpumask(mm));
if (!((asid ^ atomic64_read(&asid_generation)) >> asid_bits)
&& atomic64_xchg_relaxed(&per_cpu(active_asids, cpu), asid))
goto switch_mm_fastpath;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);
/* Check that our ASID belongs to the current generation. */
asid = atomic64_read(&mm->context.id);
if ((asid ^ atomic64_read(&asid_generation)) >> asid_bits) {
asid = new_context(mm, cpu);
atomic64_set(&mm->context.id, asid);
}
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&mm->context.id_lock, flags);
/*
* Set the mm_cpumask(mm) bit for the current CPU.
*/
cpumask_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(), mm_cpumask(mm));
}
if (cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, &tlb_flush_pending))
local_flush_tlb_all();
/*
* Reset the ASID on the current CPU. This function call is broadcast from the
* CPU handling the ASID rollover and holding cpu_asid_lock.
*/
static void reset_context(void *info)
{
unsigned int asid;
unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
struct mm_struct *mm = current->active_mm;
atomic64_set(&per_cpu(active_asids, cpu), asid);
cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, mm_cpumask(mm));
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cpu_asid_lock, flags);
/*
* current->active_mm could be init_mm for the idle thread immediately
* after secondary CPU boot or hotplug. TTBR0_EL1 is already set to
* the reserved value, so no need to reset any context.
*/
if (mm == &init_mm)
return;
smp_rmb();
asid = cpu_last_asid + cpu;
flush_context();
set_mm_context(mm, asid);
/* set the new ASID */
switch_mm_fastpath:
cpu_switch_mm(mm->pgd, mm);
}
void __new_context(struct mm_struct *mm)
static int asids_init(void)
{
unsigned int asid;
unsigned int bits = asid_bits();
int fld = cpuid_feature_extract_field(read_cpuid(ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1), 4);
raw_spin_lock(&cpu_asid_lock);
/*
* Check the ASID again, in case the change was broadcast from another
* CPU before we acquired the lock.
*/
if (!unlikely((mm->context.id ^ cpu_last_asid) >> MAX_ASID_BITS)) {
cpumask_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(), mm_cpumask(mm));
raw_spin_unlock(&cpu_asid_lock);
return;
}
/*
* At this point, it is guaranteed that the current mm (with an old
* ASID) isn't active on any other CPU since the ASIDs are changed
* simultaneously via IPI.
*/
asid = ++cpu_last_asid;
/*
* If we've used up all our ASIDs, we need to start a new version and
* flush the TLB.
*/
if (unlikely((asid & ((1 << bits) - 1)) == 0)) {
/* increment the ASID version */
cpu_last_asid += (1 << MAX_ASID_BITS) - (1 << bits);
if (cpu_last_asid == 0)
cpu_last_asid = ASID_FIRST_VERSION;
asid = cpu_last_asid + smp_processor_id();
flush_context();
smp_wmb();
smp_call_function(reset_context, NULL, 1);
cpu_last_asid += NR_CPUS - 1;
switch (fld) {
default:
pr_warn("Unknown ASID size (%d); assuming 8-bit\n", fld);
/* Fallthrough */
case 0:
asid_bits = 8;
break;
case 2:
asid_bits = 16;
}
set_mm_context(mm, asid);
raw_spin_unlock(&cpu_asid_lock);
/* If we end up with more CPUs than ASIDs, expect things to crash */
WARN_ON(NUM_USER_ASIDS < num_possible_cpus());
atomic64_set(&asid_generation, ASID_FIRST_VERSION);
asid_map = kzalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(NUM_USER_ASIDS) * sizeof(*asid_map),
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!asid_map)
panic("Failed to allocate bitmap for %lu ASIDs\n",
NUM_USER_ASIDS);
pr_info("ASID allocator initialised with %lu entries\n", NUM_USER_ASIDS);
return 0;
}
early_initcall(asids_init);

2
arch/arm64/mm/proc.S
View File

@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ ENDPROC(cpu_do_resume)
* - pgd_phys - physical address of new TTB
*/
ENTRY(cpu_do_switch_mm)
mmid w1, x1 // get mm->context.id
mmid x1, x1 // get mm->context.id
bfi x0, x1, #48, #16 // set the ASID
msr ttbr0_el1, x0 // set TTBR0
isb