linux/Documentation/cputopology.txt

Export CPU topology info via sysfs. Items (attributes) are similar
to /proc/cpuinfo output of some architectures:

1) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/physical_package_id:

	physical package id of cpuX. Typically corresponds to a physical
	socket number, but the actual value is architecture and platform
	dependent.

2) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/core_id:

	the CPU core ID of cpuX. Typically it is the hardware platform's
	identifier (rather than the kernel's).  The actual value is
	architecture and platform dependent.

3) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/book_id:

	the book ID of cpuX. Typically it is the hardware platform's
	identifier (rather than the kernel's).	The actual value is
	architecture and platform dependent.

4) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/thread_siblings:

	internal kernel map of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	core as cpuX.

5) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/thread_siblings_list:

	human-readable list of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	core as cpuX.

6) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/core_siblings:

	internal kernel map of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	physical_package_id.

7) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/core_siblings_list:

	human-readable list of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	physical_package_id.

8) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/book_siblings:

	internal kernel map of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	book_id.

9) /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/topology/book_siblings_list:

	human-readable list of cpuX's hardware threads within the same
	book_id.

To implement it in an architecture-neutral way, a new source file,
drivers/base/topology.c, is to export the 6 or 9 attributes. The three book
related sysfs files will only be created if CONFIG_SCHED_BOOK is selected.

For an architecture to support this feature, it must define some of
these macros in include/asm-XXX/topology.h:
#define topology_physical_package_id(cpu)
#define topology_core_id(cpu)
#define topology_book_id(cpu)
#define topology_sibling_cpumask(cpu)
#define topology_core_cpumask(cpu)
#define topology_book_cpumask(cpu)

The type of **_id macros is int.
The type of **_cpumask macros is (const) struct cpumask *. The latter
correspond with appropriate **_siblings sysfs attributes (except for
topology_sibling_cpumask() which corresponds with thread_siblings).

To be consistent on all architectures, include/linux/topology.h
provides default definitions for any of the above macros that are
not defined by include/asm-XXX/topology.h:
1) physical_package_id: -1
2) core_id: 0
3) sibling_cpumask: just the given CPU
4) core_cpumask: just the given CPU

For architectures that don't support books (CONFIG_SCHED_BOOK) there are no
default definitions for topology_book_id() and topology_book_cpumask().

Additionally, CPU topology information is provided under
/sys/devices/system/cpu and includes these files.  The internal
source for the output is in brackets ("[]").

    kernel_max: the maximum CPU index allowed by the kernel configuration.
		[NR_CPUS-1]

    offline:	CPUs that are not online because they have been
		HOTPLUGGED off (see cpu-hotplug.txt) or exceed the limit
		of CPUs allowed by the kernel configuration (kernel_max
		above). [~cpu_online_mask + cpus >= NR_CPUS]

    online:	CPUs that are online and being scheduled [cpu_online_mask]

    possible:	CPUs that have been allocated resources and can be
		brought online if they are present. [cpu_possible_mask]

    present:	CPUs that have been identified as being present in the
		system. [cpu_present_mask]

The format for the above output is compatible with cpulist_parse()
[see <linux/cpumask.h>].  Some examples follow.

In this example, there are 64 CPUs in the system but cpus 32-63 exceed
the kernel max which is limited to 0..31 by the NR_CPUS config option
being 32.  Note also that CPUs 2 and 4-31 are not online but could be
brought online as they are both present and possible.

     kernel_max: 31
        offline: 2,4-31,32-63
         online: 0-1,3
       possible: 0-31
        present: 0-31

In this example, the NR_CPUS config option is 128, but the kernel was
started with possible_cpus=144.  There are 4 CPUs in the system and cpu2
was manually taken offline (and is the only CPU that can be brought
online.)

     kernel_max: 127
        offline: 2,4-127,128-143
         online: 0-1,3
       possible: 0-127
        present: 0-3

See cpu-hotplug.txt for the possible_cpus=NUM kernel start parameter
as well as more information on the various cpumasks.