linux/arch/i386/mm/init.c

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/*
* linux/arch/i386/mm/init.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
*
* Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <linux/poison.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/efi.h>
#include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
#include <linux/initrd.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/pgtable.h>
#include <asm/dma.h>
#include <asm/fixmap.h>
#include <asm/e820.h>
#include <asm/apic.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
unsigned int __VMALLOC_RESERVE = 128 << 20;
DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mmu_gather, mmu_gathers);
unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
static int noinline do_test_wp_bit(void);
/*
* Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
* given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
* in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
*/
static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
{
pud_t *pud;
pmd_t *pmd_table;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
pmd_table = (pmd_t *) alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
paravirt_alloc_pd(__pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
if (pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0))
BUG();
#else
pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
#endif
return pmd_table;
}
/*
* Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
* directory entry.
*/
static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
{
if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
pte_t *page_table = (pte_t *) alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
paravirt_alloc_pt(__pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
if (page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0))
BUG();
return page_table;
}
return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
}
/*
* This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
* with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
* the given range.
*/
/*
* NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
* so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
* checking the pgd every time.
*/
static void __init page_table_range_init (unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
pud_t *pud;
pmd_t *pmd;
int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
unsigned long vaddr;
vaddr = start;
pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
if (pgd_none(*pgd))
one_md_table_init(pgd);
pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end); pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
if (pmd_none(*pmd))
one_page_table_init(pmd);
vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
}
pmd_idx = 0;
}
}
static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
{
if (addr >= PAGE_OFFSET && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
return 1;
return 0;
}
/*
* This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
* of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
* PAGE_OFFSET.
*/
static void __init kernel_physical_mapping_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
{
unsigned long pfn;
pgd_t *pgd;
pmd_t *pmd;
pte_t *pte;
int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
pgd_idx = pgd_index(PAGE_OFFSET);
pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
pfn = 0;
for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
if (pfn >= max_low_pfn)
continue;
for (pmd_idx = 0; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < max_low_pfn; pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
unsigned int address = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
/* Map with big pages if possible, otherwise create normal page tables. */
if (cpu_has_pse) {
unsigned int address2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE - 1) * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
if (is_kernel_text(address) || is_kernel_text(address2))
set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC));
else
set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE));
pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
} else {
pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
for (pte_ofs = 0; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < max_low_pfn; pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++) {
if (is_kernel_text(address))
set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC));
else
set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL));
}
}
}
}
}
static inline int page_kills_ppro(unsigned long pagenr)
{
if (pagenr >= 0x70000 && pagenr <= 0x7003F)
return 1;
return 0;
}
int page_is_ram(unsigned long pagenr)
{
int i;
unsigned long addr, end;
if (efi_enabled) {
efi_memory_desc_t *md;
void *p;
for (p = memmap.map; p < memmap.map_end; p += memmap.desc_size) {
md = p;
if (!is_available_memory(md))
continue;
addr = (md->phys_addr+PAGE_SIZE-1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
end = (md->phys_addr + (md->num_pages << EFI_PAGE_SHIFT)) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if ((pagenr >= addr) && (pagenr < end))
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
if (e820.map[i].type != E820_RAM) /* not usable memory */
continue;
/*
* !!!FIXME!!! Some BIOSen report areas as RAM that
* are not. Notably the 640->1Mb area. We need a sanity
* check here.
*/
addr = (e820.map[i].addr+PAGE_SIZE-1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
end = (e820.map[i].addr+e820.map[i].size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if ((pagenr >= addr) && (pagenr < end))
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
pte_t *kmap_pte;
pgprot_t kmap_prot;
#define kmap_get_fixmap_pte(vaddr) \
pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr), vaddr), (vaddr)), (vaddr))
static void __init kmap_init(void)
{
unsigned long kmap_vstart;
/* cache the first kmap pte */
kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
}
static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
pud_t *pud;
pmd_t *pmd;
pte_t *pte;
unsigned long vaddr;
vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
pkmap_page_table = pte;
}
static void __meminit free_new_highpage(struct page *page)
{
init_page_count(page);
__free_page(page);
totalhigh_pages++;
}
void __init add_one_highpage_init(struct page *page, int pfn, int bad_ppro)
{
if (page_is_ram(pfn) && !(bad_ppro && page_kills_ppro(pfn))) {
ClearPageReserved(page);
free_new_highpage(page);
} else
SetPageReserved(page);
}
static int __meminit add_one_highpage_hotplug(struct page *page, unsigned long pfn)
{
free_new_highpage(page);
totalram_pages++;
#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
max_mapnr = max(pfn, max_mapnr);
#endif
num_physpages++;
return 0;
}
/*
* Not currently handling the NUMA case.
* Assuming single node and all memory that
* has been added dynamically that would be
* onlined here is in HIGHMEM
*/
void __meminit online_page(struct page *page)
{
ClearPageReserved(page);
add_one_highpage_hotplug(page, page_to_pfn(page));
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
extern void set_highmem_pages_init(int);
#else
static void __init set_highmem_pages_init(int bad_ppro)
{
int pfn;
for (pfn = highstart_pfn; pfn < highend_pfn; pfn++)
add_one_highpage_init(pfn_to_page(pfn), pfn, bad_ppro);
totalram_pages += totalhigh_pages;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FLATMEM */
#else
#define kmap_init() do { } while (0)
#define permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base) do { } while (0)
#define set_highmem_pages_init(bad_ppro) do { } while (0)
#endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
unsigned long long __PAGE_KERNEL = _PAGE_KERNEL;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__PAGE_KERNEL);
unsigned long long __PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC = _PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
extern void __init remap_numa_kva(void);
#else
#define remap_numa_kva() do {} while (0)
#endif
static void __init pagetable_init (void)
{
unsigned long vaddr;
pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
int i;
/* Init entries of the first-level page table to the zero page */
for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PGD; i++)
set_pgd(pgd_base + i, __pgd(__pa(empty_zero_page) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
#else
paravirt_alloc_pd(__pa(swapper_pg_dir) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
#endif
/* Enable PSE if available */
if (cpu_has_pse) {
set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PSE);
}
/* Enable PGE if available */
if (cpu_has_pge) {
set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PGE);
__PAGE_KERNEL |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
__PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
}
kernel_physical_mapping_init(pgd_base);
remap_numa_kva();
/*
* Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
* created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
*/
vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
page_table_range_init(vaddr, 0, pgd_base);
permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
/*
* Add low memory identity-mappings - SMP needs it when
* starting up on an AP from real-mode. In the non-PAE
* case we already have these mappings through head.S.
* All user-space mappings are explicitly cleared after
* SMP startup.
*/
set_pgd(&pgd_base[0], pgd_base[USER_PTRS_PER_PGD]);
#endif
}
#if defined(CONFIG_SOFTWARE_SUSPEND) || defined(CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP)
/*
* Swap suspend & friends need this for resume because things like the intel-agp
* driver might have split up a kernel 4MB mapping.
*/
char __nosavedata swsusp_pg_dir[PAGE_SIZE]
__attribute__ ((aligned (PAGE_SIZE)));
static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
{
memcpy(swsusp_pg_dir, swapper_pg_dir, PAGE_SIZE);
}
#else
static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
{
}
#endif
void zap_low_mappings (void)
{
int i;
save_pg_dir();
/*
* Zap initial low-memory mappings.
*
* Note that "pgd_clear()" doesn't do it for
* us, because pgd_clear() is a no-op on i386.
*/
for (i = 0; i < USER_PTRS_PER_PGD; i++)
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(1 + __pa(empty_zero_page)));
#else
set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(0));
#endif
flush_tlb_all();
}
static int disable_nx __initdata = 0;
u64 __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~_PAGE_NX;
/*
* noexec = on|off
*
* Control non executable mappings.
*
* on Enable
* off Disable
*/
static int __init noexec_setup(char *str)
{
if (!str || !strcmp(str, "on")) {
if (cpu_has_nx) {
__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
disable_nx = 0;
}
} else if (!strcmp(str,"off")) {
disable_nx = 1;
__supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX;
} else
return -EINVAL;
return 0;
}
early_param("noexec", noexec_setup);
int nx_enabled = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
static void __init set_nx(void)
{
unsigned int v[4], l, h;
if (cpu_has_pae && (cpuid_eax(0x80000000) > 0x80000001)) {
cpuid(0x80000001, &v[0], &v[1], &v[2], &v[3]);
if ((v[3] & (1 << 20)) && !disable_nx) {
rdmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
l |= EFER_NX;
wrmsr(MSR_EFER, l, h);
nx_enabled = 1;
__supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX;
}
}
}
/*
* Enables/disables executability of a given kernel page and
* returns the previous setting.
*/
int __init set_kernel_exec(unsigned long vaddr, int enable)
{
pte_t *pte;
int ret = 1;
if (!nx_enabled)
goto out;
pte = lookup_address(vaddr);
BUG_ON(!pte);
if (!pte_exec_kernel(*pte))
ret = 0;
if (enable)
pte->pte_high &= ~(1 << (_PAGE_BIT_NX - 32));
else
pte->pte_high |= 1 << (_PAGE_BIT_NX - 32);
pte_update_defer(&init_mm, vaddr, pte);
__flush_tlb_all();
out:
return ret;
}
#endif
/*
* paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
* already mapped by head.S.
*
* This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
* that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
*/
void __init paging_init(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
set_nx();
if (nx_enabled)
printk("NX (Execute Disable) protection: active\n");
#endif
pagetable_init();
load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
/*
* We will bail out later - printk doesn't work right now so
* the user would just see a hanging kernel.
*/
if (cpu_has_pae)
set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PAE);
#endif
__flush_tlb_all();
kmap_init();
}
/*
* Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
* and also on some strange 486's (NexGen etc.). All 586+'s are OK. This
* used to involve black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs,
* but fortunately the switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
*/
static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
{
printk("Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode... ");
/* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
__set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_READONLY);
boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
printk("No.\n");
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK
panic("This kernel doesn't support CPU's with broken WP. Recompile it for a 386!");
#endif
} else {
printk("Ok.\n");
}
}
static struct kcore_list kcore_mem, kcore_vmalloc;
void __init mem_init(void)
{
extern int ppro_with_ram_bug(void);
int codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
int tmp;
int bad_ppro;
#ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
BUG_ON(!mem_map);
#endif
bad_ppro = ppro_with_ram_bug();
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
/* check that fixmap and pkmap do not overlap */
if (PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE >= FIXADDR_START) {
printk(KERN_ERR "fixmap and kmap areas overlap - this will crash\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "pkstart: %lxh pkend: %lxh fixstart %lxh\n",
PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE, FIXADDR_START);
BUG();
}
#endif
/* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
reservedpages = 0;
for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
/*
* Only count reserved RAM pages
*/
if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(pfn_to_page(tmp)))
reservedpages++;
set_highmem_pages_init(bad_ppro);
codesize = (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
datasize = (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
initsize = (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
kclist_add(&kcore_mem, __va(0), max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
kclist_add(&kcore_vmalloc, (void *)VMALLOC_START,
VMALLOC_END-VMALLOC_START);
printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%dk kernel code, %dk reserved, %dk data, %dk init, %ldk highmem)\n",
(unsigned long) nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
num_physpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
codesize >> 10,
reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
datasize >> 10,
initsize >> 10,
(unsigned long) (totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10))
);
#if 1 /* double-sanity-check paranoia */
printk("virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
" fixmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
" pkmap : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
#endif
" vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
" lowmem : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld MB)\n"
" .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
" .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n"
" .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx (%4ld kB)\n",
FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
(FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
(LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
#endif
VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
(VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
(unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
(unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
((unsigned long)&__init_end - (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
(unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
(unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
#ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE > FIXADDR_START);
BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END > PKMAP_BASE);
#endif
BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START > VMALLOC_END);
BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory > VMALLOC_START);
#endif /* double-sanity-check paranoia */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
if (!cpu_has_pae)
panic("cannot execute a PAE-enabled kernel on a PAE-less CPU!");
#endif
if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
test_wp_bit();
/*
* Subtle. SMP is doing it's boot stuff late (because it has to
* fork idle threads) - but it also needs low mappings for the
* protected-mode entry to work. We zap these entries only after
* the WP-bit has been tested.
*/
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
zap_low_mappings();
#endif
}
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
{
struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
[PATCH] reduce MAX_NR_ZONES: remove two strange uses of MAX_NR_ZONES I keep seeing zones on various platforms that are never used and wonder why we compile support for them into the kernel. Counters show up for HIGHMEM and DMA32 that are alway zero. This patch allows the removal of ZONE_DMA32 for non x86_64 architectures and it will get rid of ZONE_HIGHMEM for arches not using highmem (like 64 bit architectures). If an arch does not define CONFIG_HIGHMEM then ZONE_HIGHMEM will not be defined. Similarly if an arch does not define CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32 then ZONE_DMA32 will not be defined. No current architecture uses all the 4 zones (DMA,DMA32,NORMAL,HIGH) that we have now. The patchset will reduce the number of zones for all platforms. On many platforms that do not have DMA32 or HIGHMEM this will reduce the number of zones by 50%. F.e. ia64 only uses DMA and NORMAL. Large amounts of memory can be saved for larger systemss that may have a few hundred NUMA nodes. With ZONE_DMA32 and ZONE_HIGHMEM support optional MAX_NR_ZONES will be 2 for many non i386 platforms and even for i386 without CONFIG_HIGHMEM set. Tested on ia64, x86_64 and on i386 with and without highmem. The patchset consists of 11 patches that are following this message. One could go even further than this patchset and also make ZONE_DMA optional because some platforms do not need a separate DMA zone and can do DMA to all of memory. This could reduce MAX_NR_ZONES to 1. Such a patchset will hopefully follow soon. This patch: Fix strange uses of MAX_NR_ZONES Sometimes we use MAX_NR_ZONES - x to refer to a zone. Make that explicit. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-09-26 06:31:09 +00:00
struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
return __add_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
}
int remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
{
return -EINVAL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(remove_memory);
#endif
struct kmem_cache *pgd_cache;
struct kmem_cache *pmd_cache;
void __init pgtable_cache_init(void)
{
if (PTRS_PER_PMD > 1) {
pmd_cache = kmem_cache_create("pmd",
PTRS_PER_PMD*sizeof(pmd_t),
PTRS_PER_PMD*sizeof(pmd_t),
0,
pmd_ctor,
NULL);
if (!pmd_cache)
panic("pgtable_cache_init(): cannot create pmd cache");
}
pgd_cache = kmem_cache_create("pgd",
PTRS_PER_PGD*sizeof(pgd_t),
PTRS_PER_PGD*sizeof(pgd_t),
0,
pgd_ctor,
PTRS_PER_PMD == 1 ? pgd_dtor : NULL);
if (!pgd_cache)
panic("pgtable_cache_init(): Cannot create pgd cache");
}
/*
* This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
* section. Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
*/
static int noinline do_test_wp_bit(void)
{
char tmp_reg;
int flag;
__asm__ __volatile__(
" movb %0,%1 \n"
"1: movb %1,%0 \n"
" xorl %2,%2 \n"
"2: \n"
".section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"
" .align 4 \n"
" .long 1b,2b \n"
".previous \n"
:"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
"=q" (tmp_reg),
"=r" (flag)
:"2" (1)
:"memory");
return flag;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
void mark_rodata_ro(void)
{
unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
/* It must still be possible to apply SMP alternatives. */
if (num_possible_cpus() <= 1)
#endif
{
change_page_attr(virt_to_page(start),
size >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_RX);
printk("Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n", size >> 10);
}
start += size;
size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
change_page_attr(virt_to_page(start),
size >> PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_KERNEL_RO);
printk("Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
size >> 10);
/*
* change_page_attr() requires a global_flush_tlb() call after it.
* We do this after the printk so that if something went wrong in the
* change, the printk gets out at least to give a better debug hint
* of who is the culprit.
*/
global_flush_tlb();
}
#endif
[PATCH] x86: SMP alternatives Implement SMP alternatives, i.e. switching at runtime between different code versions for UP and SMP. The code can patch both SMP->UP and UP->SMP. The UP->SMP case is useful for CPU hotplug. With CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enabled the code switches to UP at boot time and when the number of CPUs goes down to 1, and switches to SMP when the number of CPUs goes up to 2. Without CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG or on non-SMP-capable systems the code is patched once at boot time (if needed) and the tables are released afterwards. The changes in detail: * The current alternatives bits are moved to a separate file, the SMP alternatives code is added there. * The patch adds some new elf sections to the kernel: .smp_altinstructions like .altinstructions, also contains a list of alt_instr structs. .smp_altinstr_replacement like .altinstr_replacement, but also has some space to save original instruction before replaving it. .smp_locks list of pointers to lock prefixes which can be nop'ed out on UP. The first two are used to replace more complex instruction sequences such as spinlocks and semaphores. It would be possible to deal with the lock prefixes with that as well, but by handling them as special case the table sizes become much smaller. * The sections are page-aligned and padded up to page size, so they can be free if they are not needed. * Splitted the code to release init pages to a separate function and use it to release the elf sections if they are unused. Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 10:59:32 +00:00
void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
{
unsigned long addr;
for (addr = begin; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
[PATCH] x86: __pa and __pa_symbol address space separation Currently __pa_symbol is for use with symbols in the kernel address map and __pa is for use with pointers into the physical memory map. But the code is implemented so you can usually interchange the two. __pa which is much more common can be implemented much more cheaply if it is it doesn't have to worry about any other kernel address spaces. This is especially true with a relocatable kernel as __pa_symbol needs to peform an extra variable read to resolve the address. There is a third macro that is added for the vsyscall data __pa_vsymbol for finding the physical addesses of vsyscall pages. Most of this patch is simply sorting through the references to __pa or __pa_symbol and using the proper one. A little of it is continuing to use a physical address when we have it instead of recalculating it several times. swapper_pgd is now NULL. leave_mm now uses init_mm.pgd and init_mm.pgd is initialized at boot (instead of compile time) to the physmem virtual mapping of init_level4_pgd. The physical address changed. Except for the for EMPTY_ZERO page all of the remaining references to __pa_symbol appear to be during kernel initialization. So this should reduce the cost of __pa in the common case, even on a relocated kernel. As this is technically a semantic change we need to be on the lookout for anything I missed. But it works for me (tm). Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2007-05-02 17:27:07 +00:00
struct page *page = pfn_to_page(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
ClearPageReserved(page);
init_page_count(page);
memset(page_address(page), POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
__free_page(page);
[PATCH] x86: SMP alternatives Implement SMP alternatives, i.e. switching at runtime between different code versions for UP and SMP. The code can patch both SMP->UP and UP->SMP. The UP->SMP case is useful for CPU hotplug. With CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enabled the code switches to UP at boot time and when the number of CPUs goes down to 1, and switches to SMP when the number of CPUs goes up to 2. Without CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG or on non-SMP-capable systems the code is patched once at boot time (if needed) and the tables are released afterwards. The changes in detail: * The current alternatives bits are moved to a separate file, the SMP alternatives code is added there. * The patch adds some new elf sections to the kernel: .smp_altinstructions like .altinstructions, also contains a list of alt_instr structs. .smp_altinstr_replacement like .altinstr_replacement, but also has some space to save original instruction before replaving it. .smp_locks list of pointers to lock prefixes which can be nop'ed out on UP. The first two are used to replace more complex instruction sequences such as spinlocks and semaphores. It would be possible to deal with the lock prefixes with that as well, but by handling them as special case the table sizes become much smaller. * The sections are page-aligned and padded up to page size, so they can be free if they are not needed. * Splitted the code to release init pages to a separate function and use it to release the elf sections if they are unused. Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 10:59:32 +00:00
totalram_pages++;
}
printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
[PATCH] x86: SMP alternatives Implement SMP alternatives, i.e. switching at runtime between different code versions for UP and SMP. The code can patch both SMP->UP and UP->SMP. The UP->SMP case is useful for CPU hotplug. With CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enabled the code switches to UP at boot time and when the number of CPUs goes down to 1, and switches to SMP when the number of CPUs goes up to 2. Without CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG or on non-SMP-capable systems the code is patched once at boot time (if needed) and the tables are released afterwards. The changes in detail: * The current alternatives bits are moved to a separate file, the SMP alternatives code is added there. * The patch adds some new elf sections to the kernel: .smp_altinstructions like .altinstructions, also contains a list of alt_instr structs. .smp_altinstr_replacement like .altinstr_replacement, but also has some space to save original instruction before replaving it. .smp_locks list of pointers to lock prefixes which can be nop'ed out on UP. The first two are used to replace more complex instruction sequences such as spinlocks and semaphores. It would be possible to deal with the lock prefixes with that as well, but by handling them as special case the table sizes become much smaller. * The sections are page-aligned and padded up to page size, so they can be free if they are not needed. * Splitted the code to release init pages to a separate function and use it to release the elf sections if they are unused. Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 10:59:32 +00:00
}
void free_initmem(void)
{
free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
[PATCH] x86: __pa and __pa_symbol address space separation Currently __pa_symbol is for use with symbols in the kernel address map and __pa is for use with pointers into the physical memory map. But the code is implemented so you can usually interchange the two. __pa which is much more common can be implemented much more cheaply if it is it doesn't have to worry about any other kernel address spaces. This is especially true with a relocatable kernel as __pa_symbol needs to peform an extra variable read to resolve the address. There is a third macro that is added for the vsyscall data __pa_vsymbol for finding the physical addesses of vsyscall pages. Most of this patch is simply sorting through the references to __pa or __pa_symbol and using the proper one. A little of it is continuing to use a physical address when we have it instead of recalculating it several times. swapper_pgd is now NULL. leave_mm now uses init_mm.pgd and init_mm.pgd is initialized at boot (instead of compile time) to the physmem virtual mapping of init_level4_pgd. The physical address changed. Except for the for EMPTY_ZERO page all of the remaining references to __pa_symbol appear to be during kernel initialization. So this should reduce the cost of __pa in the common case, even on a relocated kernel. As this is technically a semantic change we need to be on the lookout for anything I missed. But it works for me (tm). Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2007-05-02 17:27:07 +00:00
__pa_symbol(&__init_begin),
__pa_symbol(&__init_end));
[PATCH] x86: SMP alternatives Implement SMP alternatives, i.e. switching at runtime between different code versions for UP and SMP. The code can patch both SMP->UP and UP->SMP. The UP->SMP case is useful for CPU hotplug. With CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enabled the code switches to UP at boot time and when the number of CPUs goes down to 1, and switches to SMP when the number of CPUs goes up to 2. Without CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG or on non-SMP-capable systems the code is patched once at boot time (if needed) and the tables are released afterwards. The changes in detail: * The current alternatives bits are moved to a separate file, the SMP alternatives code is added there. * The patch adds some new elf sections to the kernel: .smp_altinstructions like .altinstructions, also contains a list of alt_instr structs. .smp_altinstr_replacement like .altinstr_replacement, but also has some space to save original instruction before replaving it. .smp_locks list of pointers to lock prefixes which can be nop'ed out on UP. The first two are used to replace more complex instruction sequences such as spinlocks and semaphores. It would be possible to deal with the lock prefixes with that as well, but by handling them as special case the table sizes become much smaller. * The sections are page-aligned and padded up to page size, so they can be free if they are not needed. * Splitted the code to release init pages to a separate function and use it to release the elf sections if they are unused. Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 10:59:32 +00:00
}
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
{
[PATCH] x86: __pa and __pa_symbol address space separation Currently __pa_symbol is for use with symbols in the kernel address map and __pa is for use with pointers into the physical memory map. But the code is implemented so you can usually interchange the two. __pa which is much more common can be implemented much more cheaply if it is it doesn't have to worry about any other kernel address spaces. This is especially true with a relocatable kernel as __pa_symbol needs to peform an extra variable read to resolve the address. There is a third macro that is added for the vsyscall data __pa_vsymbol for finding the physical addesses of vsyscall pages. Most of this patch is simply sorting through the references to __pa or __pa_symbol and using the proper one. A little of it is continuing to use a physical address when we have it instead of recalculating it several times. swapper_pgd is now NULL. leave_mm now uses init_mm.pgd and init_mm.pgd is initialized at boot (instead of compile time) to the physmem virtual mapping of init_level4_pgd. The physical address changed. Except for the for EMPTY_ZERO page all of the remaining references to __pa_symbol appear to be during kernel initialization. So this should reduce the cost of __pa in the common case, even on a relocated kernel. As this is technically a semantic change we need to be on the lookout for anything I missed. But it works for me (tm). Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2007-05-02 17:27:07 +00:00
free_init_pages("initrd memory", __pa(start), __pa(end));
}
#endif
[PATCH] x86: SMP alternatives Implement SMP alternatives, i.e. switching at runtime between different code versions for UP and SMP. The code can patch both SMP->UP and UP->SMP. The UP->SMP case is useful for CPU hotplug. With CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG enabled the code switches to UP at boot time and when the number of CPUs goes down to 1, and switches to SMP when the number of CPUs goes up to 2. Without CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG or on non-SMP-capable systems the code is patched once at boot time (if needed) and the tables are released afterwards. The changes in detail: * The current alternatives bits are moved to a separate file, the SMP alternatives code is added there. * The patch adds some new elf sections to the kernel: .smp_altinstructions like .altinstructions, also contains a list of alt_instr structs. .smp_altinstr_replacement like .altinstr_replacement, but also has some space to save original instruction before replaving it. .smp_locks list of pointers to lock prefixes which can be nop'ed out on UP. The first two are used to replace more complex instruction sequences such as spinlocks and semaphores. It would be possible to deal with the lock prefixes with that as well, but by handling them as special case the table sizes become much smaller. * The sections are page-aligned and padded up to page size, so they can be free if they are not needed. * Splitted the code to release init pages to a separate function and use it to release the elf sections if they are unused. Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 10:59:32 +00:00