linux/lib/nmi_backtrace.c

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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 14:07:57 +00:00
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* NMI backtrace support
*
* Gratuitously copied from arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.c by Russell King,
* with the following header:
*
* HW NMI watchdog support
*
* started by Don Zickus, Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat, Inc.
*
* Arch specific calls to support NMI watchdog
*
* Bits copied from original nmi.c file
*/
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/sched/debug.h>
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
#ifdef arch_trigger_cpumask_backtrace
/* For reliability, we're prepared to waste bits here. */
static DECLARE_BITMAP(backtrace_mask, NR_CPUS) __read_mostly;
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
/* "in progress" flag of arch_trigger_cpumask_backtrace */
static unsigned long backtrace_flag;
/*
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
* When raise() is called it will be passed a pointer to the
* backtrace_mask. Architectures that call nmi_cpu_backtrace()
* directly from their raise() functions may rely on the mask
* they are passed being updated as a side effect of this call.
*/
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
void nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace(const cpumask_t *mask,
int exclude_cpu,
void (*raise)(cpumask_t *mask))
{
printk/nmi: generic solution for safe printk in NMI printk() takes some locks and could not be used a safe way in NMI context. The chance of a deadlock is real especially when printing stacks from all CPUs. This particular problem has been addressed on x86 by the commit a9edc8809328 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all CPUs"). The patchset brings two big advantages. First, it makes the NMI backtraces safe on all architectures for free. Second, it makes all NMI messages almost safe on all architectures (the temporary buffer is limited. We still should keep the number of messages in NMI context at minimum). Note that there already are several messages printed in NMI context: WARN_ON(in_nmi()), BUG_ON(in_nmi()), anything being printed out from MCE handlers. These are not easy to avoid. This patch reuses most of the code and makes it generic. It is useful for all messages and architectures that support NMI. The alternative printk_func is set when entering and is reseted when leaving NMI context. It queues IRQ work to copy the messages into the main ring buffer in a safe context. __printk_nmi_flush() copies all available messages and reset the buffer. Then we could use a simple cmpxchg operations to get synchronized with writers. There is also used a spinlock to get synchronized with other flushers. We do not longer use seq_buf because it depends on external lock. It would be hard to make all supported operations safe for a lockless use. It would be confusing and error prone to make only some operations safe. The code is put into separate printk/nmi.c as suggested by Steven Rostedt. It needs a per-CPU buffer and is compiled only on architectures that call nmi_enter(). This is achieved by the new HAVE_NMI Kconfig flag. The are MN10300 and Xtensa architectures. We need to clean up NMI handling there first. Let's do it separately. The patch is heavily based on the draft from Peter Zijlstra, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/10/327 [arnd@arndb.de: printk-nmi: use %zu format string for size_t] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: min_t->min - all types are size_t here] Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk> [arm part] Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-21 00:00:33 +00:00
int i, this_cpu = get_cpu();
if (test_and_set_bit(0, &backtrace_flag)) {
/*
* If there is already a trigger_all_cpu_backtrace() in progress
* (backtrace_flag == 1), don't output double cpu dump infos.
*/
put_cpu();
return;
}
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
cpumask_copy(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask), mask);
if (exclude_cpu != -1)
cpumask_clear_cpu(exclude_cpu, to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
2016-10-08 00:02:49 +00:00
/*
* Don't try to send an NMI to this cpu; it may work on some
* architectures, but on others it may not, and we'll get
* information at least as useful just by doing a dump_stack() here.
* Note that nmi_cpu_backtrace(NULL) will clear the cpu bit.
*/
if (cpumask_test_cpu(this_cpu, to_cpumask(backtrace_mask)))
nmi_cpu_backtrace(NULL);
if (!cpumask_empty(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask))) {
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9. This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small improvements along the way. The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu. It can be helpful to see both where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the cpu that is being interrupted is. The nmi_backtrace framework allows us to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu. I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested x86, arm, mips, and sparc64. For x86 I confirmed that the generic cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the new cpuidle section. For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific idle routines might be. That might be more usefully done by someone with platform experience in follow-up patches. This patch (of 4): Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all cpus but yourself. It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to support a cpumask as the underlying primitive. This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use the new "cpumask" method instead. The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to using the new cpumask approach in this change. The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach. The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it will now also dump a local backtrace if requested. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm] Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net> Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-10-08 00:02:45 +00:00
pr_info("Sending NMI from CPU %d to CPUs %*pbl:\n",
this_cpu, nr_cpumask_bits, to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
nmi_backtrace_stall_snap(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
raise(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
}
/* Wait for up to 10 seconds for all CPUs to do the backtrace */
for (i = 0; i < 10 * 1000; i++) {
if (cpumask_empty(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask)))
break;
mdelay(1);
touch_softlockup_watchdog();
}
nmi_backtrace_stall_check(to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
/*
* Force flush any remote buffers that might be stuck in IRQ context
* and therefore could not run their irq_work.
*/
printk_trigger_flush();
printk/nmi: generic solution for safe printk in NMI printk() takes some locks and could not be used a safe way in NMI context. The chance of a deadlock is real especially when printing stacks from all CPUs. This particular problem has been addressed on x86 by the commit a9edc8809328 ("x86/nmi: Perform a safe NMI stack trace on all CPUs"). The patchset brings two big advantages. First, it makes the NMI backtraces safe on all architectures for free. Second, it makes all NMI messages almost safe on all architectures (the temporary buffer is limited. We still should keep the number of messages in NMI context at minimum). Note that there already are several messages printed in NMI context: WARN_ON(in_nmi()), BUG_ON(in_nmi()), anything being printed out from MCE handlers. These are not easy to avoid. This patch reuses most of the code and makes it generic. It is useful for all messages and architectures that support NMI. The alternative printk_func is set when entering and is reseted when leaving NMI context. It queues IRQ work to copy the messages into the main ring buffer in a safe context. __printk_nmi_flush() copies all available messages and reset the buffer. Then we could use a simple cmpxchg operations to get synchronized with writers. There is also used a spinlock to get synchronized with other flushers. We do not longer use seq_buf because it depends on external lock. It would be hard to make all supported operations safe for a lockless use. It would be confusing and error prone to make only some operations safe. The code is put into separate printk/nmi.c as suggested by Steven Rostedt. It needs a per-CPU buffer and is compiled only on architectures that call nmi_enter(). This is achieved by the new HAVE_NMI Kconfig flag. The are MN10300 and Xtensa architectures. We need to clean up NMI handling there first. Let's do it separately. The patch is heavily based on the draft from Peter Zijlstra, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/10/327 [arnd@arndb.de: printk-nmi: use %zu format string for size_t] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: min_t->min - all types are size_t here] Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk> [arm part] Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-21 00:00:33 +00:00
clear_bit_unlock(0, &backtrace_flag);
put_cpu();
}
// Dump stacks even for idle CPUs.
static bool backtrace_idle;
module_param(backtrace_idle, bool, 0644);
bool nmi_cpu_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
int cpu = smp_processor_id();
unsigned long flags;
if (cpumask_test_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(backtrace_mask))) {
lib/nmi_backtrace: Serialize even messages about idle CPUs The commit 55d6af1d66885059ffc2a ("lib/nmi_backtrace: explicitly serialize banner and regs") serialized backtraces from more CPUs using the re-entrant printk_printk_cpu lock. It was a preparation step for removing the obsolete nmi_safe buffers. The single-line messages about idle CPUs were not serialized against other CPUs and might appear in the middle of backtrace from another CPU, for example: [56394.590068] NMI backtrace for cpu 2 [56394.590069] CPU: 2 PID: 444 Comm: systemd-journal Not tainted 5.14.0-rc1-default+ #268 [56394.590071] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.12.0-59-gc9ba527-rebuilt.opensuse.org 04/01/2014 [56394.590072] RIP: 0010:lock_is_held_type+0x0/0x120 [56394.590071] NMI backtrace for cpu 0 skipped: idling at native_safe_halt+0xb/0x10 [56394.590076] Code: a2 38 ff 0f 0b 8b 44 24 04 eb bd 48 8d ... [56394.590077] RSP: 0018:ffffab02c07c7e68 EFLAGS: 00000246 [56394.590079] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff9a7bc0ec8a40 RCX: ffffffffaab8eb40 It might cause confusion what CPU the following lines belongs to and whether the backtraces are really serialized. Prevent the confusion and serialize also the single line message against other CPUs. Fixes: 55d6af1d66885059ffc2a ("lib/nmi_backtrace: explicitly serialize banner and regs") Reviewed-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210727080939.27193-1-pmladek@suse.com
2021-07-27 08:09:39 +00:00
/*
* Allow nested NMI backtraces while serializing
* against other CPUs.
*/
printk_cpu_sync_get_irqsave(flags);
if (!READ_ONCE(backtrace_idle) && regs && cpu_in_idle(instruction_pointer(regs))) {
pr_warn("NMI backtrace for cpu %d skipped: idling at %pS\n",
cpu, (void *)instruction_pointer(regs));
} else {
pr_warn("NMI backtrace for cpu %d\n", cpu);
if (regs)
show_regs(regs);
else
dump_stack();
}
printk_cpu_sync_put_irqrestore(flags);
cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, to_cpumask(backtrace_mask));
return true;
}
return false;
}
NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(nmi_cpu_backtrace);
#endif